From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

March 11 is the 70th day of the year (71st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 295 days remaining until the end of the year.

Events

• 1387 – Battle of Castagnaro: English condottiero Sir John Hawkwood leads Padova to victory in a factional clash with Verona.
• 1641 – Battle of Mbororé: Guaranís from Jesuit Reductions fight Bandeirantes, and Portuguese explorers after separation of the Kingdoms of Spain and Portugal.
• 1649 – The Frondeurs and the France sign the Peace of Rueil.
• 1702 – The Daily Courant, England's first national daily newspaper is published for the first time.
• 1708 – Queen Anne withholds Royal Assent from the Scottish Militia Bill, the last time a British monarch vetoes legislation.
• 1824 – The United States War Department creates the Bureau of Indian Affairs.
• 1845 – The Flagstaff War: Unhappy with translational differences regarding the Treaty of Waitangi, chiefs Hone Heke, Kawiti and Māori tribe members chop down the British flagpole for a fourth time and drive settlers out of Kororareka, New Zealand.
• 1848 – Louis-Hippolyte Lafontaine and Robert Baldwin become the first Prime Ministers of the Province of Canada to be democratically elected under a system of responsible government.
• 1851 – The first performance of Rigoletto by Giuseppe Verdi takes place in Venice.
• 1861 – American Civil War: The Constitution of the Confederate States of America is adopted.
• 1864 – The Great Sheffield Flood: The largest man-made disaster ever to befall England kills over 250 people in Sheffield.
• 1867 – The first performance of Don Carlos by Giuseppe Verdi takes place in Paris.
• 1872 – Construction of the Seven Sisters Colliery, South Wales, begins; located on one of the richest coal sources in Britain.
• 1872 – The Meiji Japanese government officially annexes the Ryukyu Kingdom into what would become the Okinawa prefecture.
• 1888 – The Great Blizzard of 1888 begins along the eastern seaboard of the United States, shutting down commerce and killing more than 400.
• 1917 – World War I: Baghdad falls to Anglo-Indian forces commanded by General Stanley Maude.
• 1927 – In New York City, Samuel Roxy Rothafel opens the Roxy Theatre.
• 1931 – Ready for Labour and Defence of the USSR, abbreviated as GTO, is introduced in the Soviet Union.
• 1941 – World War II: President Franklin D. Roosevelt signs the Lend-Lease Act into law, allowing American-built war supplies to be shipped to the Allies on loan.
• 1942 – World War II: General Douglas MacArthur abandons Corregidor.
• 1945 – World War II: The Imperial Japanese Navy attempts a large-scale kamikaze attack on the U.S. Pacific Fleet anchored at Ulithi atoll in Operation Tan No. 2.
• 1977 – The 1977 Hanafi Muslim Siege: more than 130 hostages held in Washington, D.C., by Hanafi Muslims are set free after ambassadors from three Islamic nations join negotiations.
• 1978 – Coastal Road massacre: At least 37 are killed and more than 70 are wounded when Al Fatah hijack an Israeli bus, prompting Israel's Operation Litani.
• 1985 – Mikhail Gorbachev becomes the Soviet Union's leader.
• 1990 – Lithuania declares itself independent from the Soviet Union.
• 1990 – Patricio Aylwin is sworn-in as the first democratically elected Chilean president since 1970.
• 1993 – Janet Reno is confirmed by the United States Senate and sworn-in the next day, becoming the first female Attorney General of the United States.
• 1999 – Infosys becomes the first Indian company listed on the NASDAQ stock exchange.
• 2004 – Madrid train bombings: Simultaneous explosions on rush hour trains in Madrid, Spain, kill 191 people.
• 2005 – Brian Nichols goes on shooting rampage at Fulton County courthouse in Atlanta, Georgia, killing three. He kills a fourth person before surrendering to police the next day.
• 2006 – Michelle Bachelet is inaugurated as first female president of Chile.
• 2009 – Winnenden school shooting – 17 people are killed at a school in Germany.

Births

• 1544 – Torquato Tasso, Italian poet (d. 1595)
• 1725 – Henry Benedict Stuart, pretender to the throne of Great Britain (d. 1807)
• 1738 – Benjamin Tupper, Continental Army officer, and pioneer to the Ohio Country (d. 1792)
• 1785 – John McLean, U.S. Supreme Court Justice (d. 1861)
• 1787 – Ivan Nabokov, Russian general (d. 1852)
• 1811 – Urbain Le Verrier, French mathematician (d. 1877)
• 1818 – Marius Petipa, French ballet dancer and choreographer (d. 1910)
• 1822 – Joseph Louis François Bertrand, French mathematician (d. 1900)
• 1863 – Andrew Stoddart, English cricketer (d. 1915)
• 1873 – David Horsley, English-born film executive (d. 1933)
• 1876 – Carl Ruggles, American composer (d. 1971)
• 1870 – Louis Bachelier, French mathematician (d. 1946)
• 1880 – Harry H. Laughlin, American eugenecist (d. 1943)
• 1884 – Lewi Pethrus, Swedish politician (d. 1974)
• 1885 – Malcolm Campbell, English race car driver (d. 1948)
• 1887 – Raoul Walsh, American film director (d. 1980)
• 1890 – Vannevar Bush, American engineer and politician (d. 1974)
• 1897 – Henry Cowell, American composer and impresario (d. 1965)
• 1898 – Dorothy Gish, American actress (d. 1968)
• 1899 – Frederick IX of Denmark, Danish King (d. 1972)
• 1903 – Ronald Syme, New Zealand classicist and historian (d. 1989)
• 1903 – Lawrence Welk, American musician (d. 1992)
• 1907 – Jessie Matthews, English actress (d. 1981)
• 1910 – Robert Havemann, German chemist (d. 1982)
• 1915 – Vijay Hazare, Indian cricketer (d. 2004)
• 1915 – Hans Peter Keller, German writer (d. 1988)
• 1915 – J. C. R. Licklider, American computer scientist and Internet pioneer (d. 1990)
• 1916 – Harold Wilson, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (d. 1995)
• 1916 – Ezra Jack Keats, children's literature author (d. 1983)
• 1920 – Nicolaas Bloembergen, Dutch physicist, Nobel laureate
• 1921 – Frank Harary, American mathematician (d. 2005)
• 1921 – Ástor Piazzolla, Argentine composer (d. 1992)
• 1922 – Cornelius Castoriadis, Greek philosopher and economist (d. 1997)
• 1922 – José Luis López Vázquez, Spanish actor (d. 2009)
• 1926 – Reverend Ralph Abernathy, American civil rights leader (d. 1990)
• 1926 – İlhan Mimaroğlu, Turkish musician and composer
• 1927 – Robert Mosbacher, 28^th United States Secretary of Commerce (d. 2010)
• 1928 – Albert Salmi, American actor (d. 1990)
• 1929 – Timothy Carey, American actor (d. 1994)
• 1930 – Claude Jutra, Quebec film actor and director (d. 1986)
• 1931 – Rupert Murdoch, Australian-born entrepreneur
• 1932 – Leroy Jenkins, American composer and violinist (d. 2007)
• 1934 – Sam Donaldson, American reporter
• 1935 – Sandra Milo, Italian actress
• 1936 – Antonin Scalia, American Supreme Court Justice
• 1937 – Carlos Larrañaga, Spanish actor
• 1939 – Lorraine Hunt, former Lieutenant Governor of Nevada
• 1939 – Flaco Jiménez, American musician
• 1940 – Alberto Cortez, Argentinian singer
• 1942 – Joel Steiger, American Producer / Writer
• 1945 – Dock Ellis, American baseball player (d. 2008)
• 1945 – Harvey Mandel, American musician
• 1946 – Patty Waters, American jazz singer
• 1947 – Tristan Murail, French composer
• 1948 – Roy Barnes, 80^th Governor of Georgia
• 1948 – César Gerónimo, Dominican baseball player
• 1948 – Dominique Sanda, French actress
• 1950 – Bobby McFerrin, American singer
• 1950 – Jerry Zucker, American director
• 1952 – Douglas Adams, English writer (d. 2001)
• 1953 – Bernie LaBarge, Canadian musician
• 1953 – László Bölöni, Romanian football player and manager
• 1954 – Gale Norton, 48^th United States Secretary of the Interior
• 1955 – Nina Hagen, German singer
• 1956 – Curtis Brown, NASA astronaut
• 1956 – Joey Buttafuoco, American statutory rapist
• 1956 – D. J. MacHale, American author and television writer
• 1956 – Rob Paulsen, American voice actor
• 1956 – Helen Rollason, British sports journalist and television presenter (d. 1999)
• 1957 – Lady Chablis, American entertainer
• 1957 – Cheryl Lynn, American singer
• 1958 – Anissa Jones, American actress (d. 1976)
• 1958 – Jim Pinkerton, American pundit
• 1958 – Flemming Rose, Danish journalist
• 1958 – Ghazi Mashal Ajil al-Yawer, interim President of Iraq
• 1959 – Nina Hartley, American porn star
• 1960 – Christophe Gans, French film director
• 1961 – Elias Koteas, Canadian actor
• 1962 – Jeffrey Nordling, American actor
• 1963 – Alex Kingston, English actress
• 1963 – Davis Guggenheim, American director and producer
• 1964 – Peter Berg, American film actor, director and producer
• 1964 – Libba Bray, American author
• 1964 – Vinnie Paul, American drummer (Pantera)
• 1964 – Shane Richie, British actor
• 1965 – Nigel Adkins, English football manager
• 1965 – Jesse Jackson, Jr., American politician
• 1965 – Wallace Langham, American actor
• 1965 – Laurence Llewelyn-Bowen, British television presenter
• 1966 – Joe Hachem, Lebanese-born Australian poker player
• 1967 – John Barrowman, Scottish-American actor
• 1967 – Brad Carson, American politician
• 1968 – Lisa Loeb, American singer-songwriter
• 1968 – Jerod Shelby, founder of Shelby SuperCars and creater of the SSC Ultimate Aero
• 1969 – Terrence Howard, American actor
• 1969 – Soraya, Colombian-American singer (d. 2006)
• 1970 – Delia Gallagher, American journalist
• 1971 – Johnny Knoxville, American television personality
• 1971 – Martin Ručinský, Czech ice hockey player
• 1973 – Martin Hiden, Austrian footballer
• 1974 – Bobby Abreu, Venezuelan baseball player
• 1974 – Jon Dalton, American Survivor castmember
• 1974 – Kate Brian, American writer, Private
• 1975 – Eric the Midget, American radio personality
• 1975 – Shawn Springs, American football player
• 1976 – Thomas Gravesen, Danish footballer
• 1977 – Andre Nickatina, American rapper
• 1977 – Becky Hammon, American basketball player
• 1978 – Didier Drogba, Ivorian footballer
• 1978 – Albert Luque, Spanish footballer
• 1978 – Christopher Rice, American author
• 1979 – Elton Brand, American basketball player
• 1979 – Fred Jones, American basketball player
• 1979 – Benji Madden, American guitarist (Good Charlotte)
• 1979 – Joel Madden, American singer (Good Charlotte)
• 1980 – Paul Scharner, Austrian footballer
• 1980 – Dan Uggla, American baseball player
• 1981 – David Anders, American actor
• 1981 – Heidi Cortez, American erotic broadcaster
• 1981 – Lee Evans, American football player
• 1981 – Russell Lissack, English musician (Bloc Party)
• 1981 – LeToya Luckett, American singer (ex-Destiny's Child)
• 1981 – Paul Wall, American rapper
• 1982 – Brian Anderson, Major League Baseball player
• 1982 – Thora Birch, American actress
• 1982 – Lindsey McKeon, American actress
• 1983 – Marietta Chrousala, Greek fashion model
• 1983 – Bianca Gonzalez, Filipina TV host and model
• 1984 – Marc-André Grondin, Canadian actor
• 1984 – Anna Tsuchiya, Japanese model, actress and singer
• 1984 – Tom James, British rower
• 1985 – Paul Bissonnette, Canadian ice hockey player
• 1985 – Hakuhō Shō, Mongolian sumo wrestler
• 1985 – Derek Schouman, American football player
• 1985 – Nikolai Topor-Stanley, Australian soccer player
• 1985 – Ajantha Mendis, Sri Lankan Cricketer
• 1986 – Mariko Shinoda, Japanese actress and member of AKB48
• 1987 – Marc-André Gragnani, Canadian ice hockey player
• 1987 – Jonathan Stewart, American football player
• 1989 – Anton Yelchin, Russian/American actor
• 1990 – Janna Dominguez, Filipina actress
• 1990 – Reiley McClendon, American Actor
• 1991 – Jack Rodwell, British football player

Deaths

• 1425 BC – Thutmose III, Egyptian pharaoh
• 222 – Elagabalus, Roman Emperor
• 222 – Julia Soaemias, mother of Elagabalus (b. 180)
• 859 – Eulogius of Cordoba, Spanish Bishop and Christian Martyr
• 1198 – Marie de Champagne, daughter of Louis VII of France (b. 1145)
• 1486 – Albert III, Margrave of Brandenburg (b. 1414)
• 1514 – Donato Bramante, Italian architect (b. 1444)
• 1575 – Matthias Flacius, Croatian Protestant reformer (b. 1520)
• 1602 – Emilio de' Cavalieri, Italian composer
• 1607 – Giovanni Maria Nanino, Italian composer
• 1722 – John Toland, Irish philosopher (b. 1670)
• 1759 – John Forbes, British general (b. 1710)
• 1786 – Charles Humphreys, American delegate to the Continental Congress (b. 1714)
• 1801 – Paul I of Russia, Russian tsar (b. 1754)
• 1820 – Benjamin West, English-American painter (b. 1738)
• 1851 – George McDuffie, Governor of South Carolina (b. 1790)
• 1854 – Willard Richards, American religious leader (b. 1804)
• 1856 – James Beatty, Irish railway engineer (b. 1820)
• 1863 – Sir James Outram, 1st Baronet, English general (b. 1803)
• 1866 – Ulysses F. Doubleday, American congressman (b. 1792)
• 1869 – Vladimir Odoevsky, Russian philosopher (b. 1803)
• 1870 – King Moshoeshoe I of Lesotho
• 1874 – Charles Sumner, American politician (b. 1811)
• 1898 – William Rosecrans, American Civil War Union general (b. 1819)
• 1907 – Jean Casimir-Perier, French politician (b. 1847)
• 1908 – Revd Benjamin Waugh, American activist (b. 1839)
• 1915 – Thomas Alexander Browne, Australian writer (b. 1826)
• 1920 – Julio Garavito Armero, Colombian astronomer (b. 1865)
• 1931 – F.W. Murnau, German film director (b. 1888)
• 1937 – Joseph S. Cullinan, American oil industrialist (b. 1860)
• 1944 – Hendrik Willem van Loon, Dutch-born American historian (b. 1882)
• 1949 – Anastasios Charalambis, Greek general and interim Prime Minister of Greece (b. 1862)
• 1952 – Pierre Renoir, French stage and film actor and director (b. 1885)
• 1955 – Sir Alexander Fleming, Scottish scientist, Nobel laureate (b. 1881)
• 1955 – Oscar Mayer, Bavarian-born American meat packer (b. 1859)
• 1957 – Admiral Richard E. Byrd, American explorer (b. 1888)
• 1958 – Ole Kirk Christiansen, Danish inventor of Legos (b. 1891)
• 1960 – Roy Chapman Andrews, American explorer and adventurer (b. 1884)
• 1967 – Geraldine Farrar, American soprano (b. 1882)
• 1969 – John Wyndham, English author (b. 1903)
• 1970 – Erle Stanley Gardner, American novelist (b. 1889)
• 1971 – Philo T. Farnsworth, American television pioneer (b. 1906)
• 1971 – Whitney Young, American civil rights leader (b. 1921)
• 1977 – Ulysses S. Grant IV, American geologist (b. 1893)
• 1977 – Alberto Rodriguez Larreta, Argentine racing driver (b. 1934)
• 1978 – Claude François, French singer (b. 1939)
• 1978 – Sofia Vembo, Greek Female Singer, dubbed the "Singstress of Victory" (b. 1910)
• 1982 – Edmund Cooper, English author (b. 1926)
• 1982 – Horace Gregory, American poet (b. 1898)
• 1984 – Kostas Roukounas, Greek rembetiko singer and song writer (b. 1903)
• 1986 – Sonny Terry, American blues musician (b. 1911)
• 1987 – Joe Gladwin, English actor (b. 1906)
• 1989 – James Kee, American politician (b. 1917)
• 1989 – John J. McCloy, United States Secretary of War (b. 1895)
• 1990 – Dean Horrix, English footballer (b. 1961)
• 1992 – Richard Brooks, American film director (b. 1912)
• 1993 – Dino Bravo, Italian-born professional wrestler (b. 1949),
• 1995 – Myfanwy Talog, Welsh actress (b. 1945)
• 1996 – Vince Edwards, American film actor and director (b. 1928)
• 1999 – Camille Laurin, Quebec psychiatrist and politician (b. 1922)
• 2002 – James Tobin, American economist, Nobel laureate (b. 1918)
• 2003 – Brian Cleeve, Irish author (b. 1921)
• 2003 – Ivar Hansen, speaker of the Danish Folketing (b. 1938)
• 2006 – Bernie "Boom Boom" Geoffrion, Canadian ice hockey player (b. 1931)
• 2006 – Slobodan Milošević, President of Serbia and of Yugoslavia (b. 1941)
• 2007 – Betty Hutton, American actress and singer (b. 1921)
• 2009 – Charles Lewis, Jr., American businessman, promoter and entertainer (b. 1963)
• 2010 – Hans van Mierlo, Dutch politician, Minister of Foreign Affairs and Deputy Prime Minister (b. 1931)
• 2010 – Leena Peltonen-Palotie, Finnish human geneticist (b. 1952)

Holidays and observances

• Christian Feast Day
  • Aengus the Culdee
  • Alberta of Agen
  • Aurea of San Millán
  • Blessed John Righi
  • Sophronius
  • Vindician
• Johnny Appleseed Day (United States)
• Reestablishment of Lithuania's Independence from the Soviet Union in 1990 (Lithuania)
• Youth Day (Zambia)

External links

• BBC: On This Day
• The New York Times: On This Day
• On This Day in Canada

From Wikiquote

Quotes of the day from previous years:

2004

To know someone here or there with whom you can feel there is understanding in spite of distances or thoughts expressed. That can make life a garden. ~ Goethe

• selected by Kalki

2005

Human beings, who are almost unique in having the ability to learn from the experience of others, are also remarkable for their apparent disinclination to do so. ~ Douglas Adams (born 11 March 1950)

• selected by Kalki

2006

Let us think the unthinkable, let us do the undoable, let us prepare to grapple with the ineffable itself, and see if we may not eff it after all. ~ Douglas Adams (born 11 March 1950)

• selected by Kalki

2007

Science has a simple faith, which transcends utility. Nearly all men of science, all men of learning for that matter, and men of simple ways too, have it in some form and in some degree. It is the faith that it is the privilege of man to learn to understand, and that this is his mission. If we abandon that mission under stress we shall abandon it forever, for stress will not cease. Knowledge for the sake of understanding, not merely to prevail, that is the essence of our being. None can define its limits, or set its ultimate boundaries. ~ Vannevar Bush

• proposed by Kalki

2008

The world has arrived at an age of cheap complex devices of great reliability; and something is bound to come of it. ~ Vannevar Bush

• proposed by Kalki

2009

All opinions are not equal. Some are a very great deal more robust, sophisticated and well supported in logic and argument than others. ~ Douglas Adams

• proposed by Zarbon

2010

Suggestions

I'd take the awe of understanding over the awe of ignorance any day. ~ Douglas Adams

• 3 because to be astonished at something one had yet to learn is fine, but to ignore is a crime to oneself. Zarbon 16:36, 1 May 2008 (UTC)
• 2 Lyle 15:26, 9 October 2008 (UTC)
• 3 Kalki 08:08, 7 March 2009 (UTC)
• 3 UDScott 20:01, 9 March 2009 (UTC)
• 3 Ningauble 22:44, 10 March 2009 (UTC)

We are not an endangered species ourselves yet, but this is not for lack of trying. ~ Douglas Adams

• 3 because mankind will always try to obliterate itself. Zarbon 16:36, 1 May 2008 (UTC)
• 2 Lyle 15:26, 9 October 2008 (UTC)
• 3 Kalki 08:08, 7 March 2009 (UTC)
• 3 UDScott 20:01, 9 March 2009 (UTC)
• 2 Ningauble 22:44, 10 March 2009 (UTC)

Isn't it enough to see that a garden is beautiful without having to believe that there are fairies at the bottom of it too? ~Douglas Adams

• 3 not every quote needs to be paraphrased Lyle 15:26, 9 October 2008 (UTC)
• 1 Zarbon 19:21, 28 February 2009 (UTC)
• 2 Kalki 08:08, 7 March 2009 (UTC)
• 2 UDScott 20:01, 9 March 2009 (UTC)
• 2 Ningauble 22:44, 10 March 2009 (UTC)

You can be in the public eye all the time and still have a private life, but the important thing is to keep in touch with the people who put you there. ~ John Barrowman

• 2 Zarbon 04:42, 10 March 2009 (UTC)
• 3 Kalki 22:27, 10 March 2009 (UTC)
• 2 Ningauble 22:44, 10 March 2009 (UTC)

Perhaps if only once you did enjoy
The thousandth part of all the happiness
A heart beloved enjoys, returning love,
Repentant, you would surely sighing say,
"All time is truly lost and gone
Which is not spent in serving love." ~ Torquato Tasso

• 2 Zarbon 04:42, 10 March 2009 (UTC)
• 4 Kalki 22:27, 10 March 2009 (UTC)
• 3 Ningauble 22:44, 10 March 2009 (UTC)

From StrategyWiki, the free strategy guide and walkthrough wiki

Games released on March 11.

From Wikia Gaming, your source for walkthroughs, games, guides, and more!

Game releases

• 2005
  • Polarium for the Nintendo DS in Europe

• 2004
  • Metal Gear Solid: The Twin Snakes for the GameCube in Japan
  • Super Mario 64 DS for the Nintendo DS in Europe

• 2001
  • Star Wars: Episode I Battle for Naboo for the PC in North America

• 1999
  • Castlevania for the Nintendo 64 in Japan
  • Monaco Grand Prix for the Dreamcast in Japan

• 1995
  • Chrono Trigger for the Super Nintendo Entertainment System in Japan

• 1994
  • Art of Fighting 2 for the Neo Geo in Japan and North America

From Familypedia

March 11 is the 70th day of the year (71st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 295 days remaining until the end of the year.

Events

• 1425 BC - Thutmose III, Pharaoh of Egypt, dies (According to the Low Chronology of the 18th Dynasty).
• 928 - Trpimir II succeedes to the Croatian throne
• 1387 - Battle of Castagnaro
• 1513 - Leo X is elected Pope.
• 1649 - The Frondeurs (rebels) and the French government sign the Peace of Rueil.
• 1702 - The first regular English-language newspaper, The Daily Courant, is published in London.
• 1708 - Queen Anne withholds Royal Assent from the Scottish Militia Bill, the last time a British monarch vetoes legislation.
• 1779 - Army Corps of Engineers for the United States was authorized by the Congress
• 1801 - Paul I of Russia is assassinated, leading the way for his son Alexander I to accede the throne.
• 1824 - The United States War Department creates the Bureau of Indian Affairs.
• 1845 - The Flagstaff War: In New Zealand, Chiefs Hone Heke and Kawiti led 700 Māoris to chop down the British flagpole and drive settlers out of the British colonial settlement of Kororareka because of breaches of the 1840 Treaty of Waitangi.
• 1845 - British citizen Henry Jones invents self-raising flour.
• 1848 - Louis-Hippolyte Lafontaine and Robert Baldwin become the first Prime Ministers of the Province of Canada to be democratically elected under a system of responsible government.
• 1851 - The first performance of Rigoletto, written by Verdi.
• 1861 - American Civil War: The Constitution of the Confederate States of America is adopted.
• 1864 - The Great Sheffield Flood: The largest man-made disaster ever to befall England kills over 250 people in Sheffield.
• 1867 - The first performance of Don Carlos written by Verdi.
• 1872 - Work began erecting Seven Sisters Colliery, South Wales; Located on one of the richest coal sources in Britain.
• 1872 - The Meiji Japanese government officially annexes the Ryukyu Kingdom into what would become the Okinawa prefecture.
• 1888 - The Great Blizzard of '88 begins along the eastern seaboard of the United States, shutting down commerce and killing more than 400.
• 1897 - A meteorite enters the earth's atmosphere and explodes over New Martinsville. The debris causes damage but no human injuries are reported.
• 1900 - Second Boer War: Boer leader Paul Kruger's peace overtures are rejected by Prime Minister of the United Kingdom Lord Salisbury.
• 1912 - Eleftherios Venizelos, leader of the Liberal Party, wins the Greek elections again.
• 1917 - World War I: Baghdad falls to the Anglo-Indian forces commanded by General Stanley Maude.
• 1918 - First confirmed cases of the Spanish Flu observed at Fort Riley, Kansas.
• 1927 - In New York City, Samuel Roxy Rothafel opens the Roxy Theatre.
• 1931 - Ready for Labour and Defence of the USSR, abbreviated as GTO, is introduced in the Soviet Union
• 1936 - British Prime Minister pardons five convicted Irish militants who promise to join growing conflict with Germany.
• 1941 - World War II: President Franklin Delano Roosevelt signs the Lend-Lease Act into law, allowing American-built war supplies to be shipped to the Allies on loan.
• 1942 - World War II: General Douglas MacArthur abandons Corregidor.
• 1945 - World War II: The Imperial Japanese Navy attempts a large-scale kamikaze attack on the U.S. Pacific fleet anchored at Ulithi atoll in Operation Tan No. 2.
• 1959 - The original Broadway production of A Raisin In The Sun opens at the Ethel Barrymore Theatre in New York City.
• 1966 - President Sukarno of Indonesia was forced to give up his executive power.
• 1966 - A fire at two ski resorts in Numata, Japan kills 31 people.
• 1977 - The 1977 Hanafi Muslim Siege: 130+ hostages held in Washington, by Hanafi Muslims were set free after ambassadors from three Islamic nations joined negotiations.
• 1978 - Nine Palestinian Al Fatah guerillas hijack a bus in Israel, killing 34 civilians and wounding 70 before being killed by security forces. The Israelis retaliate by invading southern Lebanon three days later, under codename Operation Litani.
• 1983 - Bob Hawke becomes 23rd Prime Minister of Australia.
• 1985 - Mikhail Gorbachev becomes Soviet leader.
• 1988 - Iran-Iraq War: Iran and Iraq agreed to stop attacking civilian centers.
• 1990 - Lithuania declares itself independent from the Soviet Union.
• 1990 - Patricio Aylwin is sworn-in as the first democratically elected Chilean president since 1970.
• 1991 - A curfew is imposed on black townships in South Africa after fighting between rival political gangs kills 49.
• 1993 - Janet Reno is confirmed by the United States Senate and sworn-in the next day, becoming the first female Attorney General of the United States.
• 1996 - John Howard comes to power as the twenty-fifth Prime Minister of Australia.
• 1996 - EU Database Directive passed
• 1997 - An explosion at a nuclear waste reprocessing plant in Japan exposes 35 workers to low-level radioactive contamination in the worst nuclear accident in Japan's history.
• 1997 - Former Beatle Paul McCartney is knighted.
• 1999 - Infosys becomes the first Indian company listed on the NASDAQ stock exchange.
• 2003 - The International Criminal Court is founded in The Hague.
• 2004 - Simultaneous explosions on rush hour trains in Madrid (Spain) kill 192 people.
• 2006 - Michelle Bachelet inaugurated as first female president of Chile.
• 2007 - A suicide bomber strikes at Casablanca, Morocco

Births

• 1544 - Torquato Tasso, Italian poet (d. 1595)
• 1725 - Henry Benedict Stuart, pretender to the throne of Great Britain (d. 1807)
• 1785 - John McLean, U.S. Supreme Court Justice (d. 1861)
• 1787 - Ivan Nabokov, Russian general (d. 1852)
• 1811 - Urbain Le Verrier, French mathematician (d. 1877)
• 1818 - Marius Petipa, French ballet dancer and choreographer (d. 1910)
• 1822 - Joseph Louis François Bertrand, French mathematician (d. 1900)
• 1863 - Andrew Stoddart, English cricketer (d. 1915)
• 1873 - David Horsley, English-born film executive (d. 1933)
• 1876 - Carl Ruggles, American composer (d. 1971)
• 1870 - Louis Bachelier, French mathematician (d. 1946)
• 1880 - Harry H. Laughlin, American eugenecist (d. 1943)
• 1884 - Lewi Pethrus, Swedish politician (d. 1974)
• 1885 - Malcolm Campbell, English race car driver (d. 1948)
• 1887 - Raoul Walsh, American film director (d. 1980)
• 1890 - Vannevar Bush, American engineer and politician (d. 1974)
• 1897 - Henry Cowell, American composer, musical theorist, pianist, teacher, publisher, and impresario (d. 1965)
• 1898 - Dorothy Gish, American actress (d. 1968)
• 1899 - Frederick IX of Denmark, Danish King (d. 1972)
• 1903 - Ronald Syme, New Zealand classicist and historian (d. 1989)
• 1903 - Lawrence Welk, American musician (d. 1992)
• 1907 - Jessie Matthews, English actress (d. 1981)
• 1910 - Robert Havemann, German chemist (d. 1982)
• 1915 - Vijay Hazare, Indian cricketer (d. 2004)
• 1915 - Hans Peter Keller, German writer (d. 1988)
• 1915 - J. C. R. Licklider, American computer scientist and Internet pioneer (d. 1990)
• 1916 - Harold Wilson, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (d. 1995)
• 1920 - Nicolaas Bloembergen, Dutch physicist, Nobel laureate
• 1921 - Frank Harary, American mathematician (d. 2005)
• 1921 - Ástor Piazzolla, Argentine composer (d. 1992)
• 1922 - Cornelius Castoriadis, Greek philosopher and economist (d. 1997)
• 1922 - José Luis López Vázquez, Spanish actor
• 1926 - Reverend Ralph Abernathy, American civil rights leader (d. 1990)
• 1926 - İlhan Mimaroğlu, Turkish musician and composer
• 1927 - Robert Mosbacher, United States Secretary of Commerce
• 1928 - Albert Salmi, American actor (d. 1990)
• 1929 - Timothy Carey, American actor (d. 1994)
• 1930 - Claude Jutra, Quebec film actor and director (d. 1986)
• 1931 - Rupert Murdoch, Australian-born entrepreneur
• 1932 - Leroy Jenkins, American composer and violinist (d. 2007)
• 1934 - Sam Donaldson, American reporter
• 1935 - Sandra Milo, Italian actress
• 1936 - Antonin Scalia, American Supreme Court Justice
• 1937 - Carlos Larrañaga, Spanish actor
• 1939 - Lorraine Hunt, former Lieutenant Governor of Nevada
• 1939 - Flaco Jiménez, American musician
• 1940 - Alberto Cortez, Argentinian singer
• 1945 - Dock Ellis, American baseball player
• 1945 - Harvey Mandel, American musician
• 1947 - Tristan Murail, French composer
• 1948 - Roy Barnes, 80th Governor of Georgia
• 1948 - César Gerónimo, Dominican baseball player
• 1948 - Dominique Sanda, French actress
• 1950 - Bobby McFerrin, American singer
• 1950 - Jerry Zucker, American director
• 1952 - Douglas Adams, English writer (d. 2001)
• 1953 - Bernie LaBarge, Canadian musician
• 1954 - Gale Norton, United States Secretary of the Interior
• 1955 - Nina Hagen, German singer
• 1956 - Joey Buttafuoco, American statutory rapist
• 1956 - D. J. MacHale, American author and television writer
• 1956 - Rob Paulsen, American voice actor
• 1956 - Helen Rollason, British sports journalist and television presenter (d. 1999)
• 1957 - Lady Chablis, American entertainer
• 1957 - Cheryl Lynn, American singer
• 1958 - Anissa Jones, American actress (d. 1976)
• 1958 - Jim Pinkerton, American pundit
• 1958 - Flemming Rose, Danish journalist
• 1958 - Ghazi Mashal Ajil al-Yawer, interim President of Iraq
• 1959 - Nina Hartley, American porn star
• 1960 - Christophe Gans, French film director
• 1961 - Elias Koteas, Canadian actor
• 1963 - Alex Kingston, English actress
• 1964 - Peter Berg, American film actor, director and producer
• 1964 - Vinnie Paul, American drummer (Pantera)
• 1964 - Shane Richie, British actor
• 1965 - Nigel Adkins, English football manager
• 1965 - Jesse Jackson, American politician
• 1965 - Wallace Langham, American actor
• 1965 - Lawrence Llewelyn-Bowen, British television presenter
• 1967 - John Barrowman, Scottish-American actor
• 1967 - Brad Carson, American politician
• 1968 - Lisa Loeb, American singer-songwriter
• 1969 - Terrence Howard, American actor
• 1969 - Soraya, Colombian-American singer (d. 2006)
• 1970 - Delia Gallagher, American journalist
• 1971 - Johnny Knoxville, American television personality
• 1971 - Martin Ručinský, Czech ice hockey player
• 1974 - Bobby Abreu, Venezuelan baseball player
• 1975 - Eric the Midget, American radio personality
• 1976 - Thomas Gravesen, Danish footballer
• 1977 - Becky Hammon , American basketball player
• 1978 - Didier Drogba, Ivory Coast footballer
• 1978 - Albert Luque, Spanish footballer
• 1978 - Christopher Rice, American author
• 1979 - Elton Brand, American basketball player
• 1979 - Fred Jones, American basketball player
• 1979 - Benji Madden, American guitarist (Good Charlotte)
• 1979 - Joel Madden, American singer (Good Charlotte)
• 1980 - Paul Scharner, Austrian footballer
• 1980 - Dan Uggla, American baseball player
• 1981 - David Anders, American actor
• 1981 - Heidi Cortez, American erotic broadcaster
• 1981 - Lee Evans, American football player
• 1981 - Russell Lissack, English musician (Bloc Party)
• 1981 - LeToya Luckett, American singer (ex-Destiny's Child)
• 1982 - Brian Anderson, American baseball player
• 1982 - Thora Birch, American actress
• 1984 - Marc-André Grondin, French Canadian actor
• 1984 - Tom James, British rower
• 1985 - Nikolai Topor-Stanley, Australian soccer player
• 1987 - Marc-Andre Gragnani, Canadian ice hockey player
• 1989 - Anton Yelchin, Russian-born actor

Deaths

• 222 - Elagabalus, Roman Emperor
• 222 - Julia Soaemias, mother of Elagabalus (b. 180)
• 859 - Eulogius of Cordoba, Spanish Bishop and Christian Martyr
• 1198 - Marie de Champagne, daughter of Louis VII of France (b. 1145)
• 1486 - Albert III (b. 1414)
• 1514 - Donato Bramante, Italian architect (b. 1444)
• 1575 - Matthias Flacius, Croatian Protestant reformer (b. 1520)
• 1602 - Emilio de' Cavalieri, Italian composer
• 1607 - Giovanni Maria Nanino, Italian composer
• 1722 - John Toland, Irish philosopher (b. 1670)
• 1759 - John Forbes, British general (b. 1710)
• 1786 - Charles Humphreys, American delegate to the Continental Congress (b. 1714)
• 1801 - Paul I of Russia, Russian tsar (b. 1754)
• 1820 - Benjamin West, English-American painter (b. 1738)
• 1847 - Johnny Appleseed, American pioneer agronomist (b. 1774)
• 1851 - George McDuffie, Governor of South Carolina (b. 1790)
• 1854 - Willard Richards, American religious leader (b. 1804)
• 1856 - James Beatty, Irish railway engineer (b. 1820)
• 1863 - Sir James Outram, English general (b. 1803)
• 1869 - Vladimir Odoevsky, Russian philosopher (b. 1803)
• 1870 - King Moshoeshoe I of Lesotho
• 1874 - Charles Sumner, American politician (b. 1811)
• 1898 - William Rosecrans, American Civil War Union general (b. 1819)
• 1907 - Jean Casimir-Perier, French politician (b. 1847)
• 1908 - Revd Benjamin Waugh, American activist (b. 1839)
• 1920 - Julio Garavito Armero, Colombian astronomer (b. 1865)
• 1931 - F.W. Murnau, German film director (b. 1888)
• 1937 - Joseph S. Cullinan, American oil industrialist (b. 1860)
• 1944 - Hendrik Willem van Loon, Dutch-born American historian (b. 1882)
• 1952 - Pierre Renoir, French stage and film actor and director (b. 1885)
• 1955 - Alexander Fleming, Scottish scientist, Nobel laureate (b. 1881)
• 1955 - Oscar Mayer, Bavarian-born American meat packer (b. 1859)
• 1957 - Admiral Richard E. Byrd, American explorer (b. 1888)
• 1960 - Roy Chapman Andrews, American explorer and adventurer (b. 1884)
• 1967 - Geraldine Farrar, American soprano (b. 1882)
• 1969 - John Wyndham, English author (b. 1903)
• 1970 - Erle Stanley Gardner, American novelist (b. 1889)
• 1971 - Philo T. Farnsworth, American television pioneer (b. 1906)
• 1971 - Whitney Young, American civil rights leader (b. 1921)
• 1977 - Ulysses S. Grant IV, American geologist (b. 1893)
• 1977 - Alberto Rodriguez Larreta, Argentine racing driver (b. 1934)
• 1978 - Claude François, French singer (b. 1939)
• 1982 - Edmund Cooper, English author (b. 1926)
• 1982 - Horace Gregory, American poet (b. 1898)
• 1984 - Kostas Roukounas, Greek rembetiko singer and song writer (b. 1903)
• 1986 - Sonny Terry, American blues musician (b. 1911)
• 1989 - James Kee, American politician (b. 1917)
• 1989 - John J. McCloy, United States Secretary of War (b. 1895)
• 1992 - Richard Brooks, American film director (b. 1912)
• 1993 - Dino Bravo, Italian-born professional wrestler (b. 1949)
• 1996 - Vince Edwards, American film actor and director (b. 1928)
• 1999 - Camille Laurin, Quebec psychiatrist and politician (b. 1922)
• 2002 - James Tobin, American economist, Nobel laureate (b. 1918)
• 2003 - Brian Cleeve, Irish author (b. 1921)
• 2003 - Ivar Hansen, speaker of the Danish Folketing (b. 1938)
• 2006 - Bernie "Boom Boom" Geoffrion, Canadian ice hockey player (b. 1931)
• 2006 - Slobodan Milošević, President of Serbia and of Yugoslavia (b. 1941)
• 2007 - Betty Hutton, American actress and singer (b. 1921)

Holidays and observances

• United States - Johnny Appleseed Day.
• Lithuania - Reestablishment of Lithuania's Independence.
• Lesotho - Moshoeshoe Day.
• Zambia - Youth Day.

Liturgical feasts

• Saint Vindician
• Saint John Righi
• Saint Alberta
• Saint Rosina
• Saint Aurea

External links

• BBC: On This Day
• The New York Times: On This Day

• On This Day in Canada