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NASA's Astronaut Group 5 (the 'Original 19') selected by NASA in April 1966. Of the Lunar Module Pilots that walked on the Moon, half came from Group 5. The group as a whole is roughly split between the half who flew to the Moon and the other half who flew Skylab and Shuttle, providing the core of Shuttle Commanders early in that program. This group is also distinctive in being the only time when NASA hired a person into the astronaut corps who had already earned astronaut wings, X-15 pilot Joe Engle.

A chart showing Group 5 assignments in relation to other astronaut groups. Graphed this way, it clearly shows how Group 5 military pilots were assigned ahead of Group 4, with most of Group 4 required to spend a full year at UPT to get qualified as jet pilots, which all of Group 5 (and Groups 1-3) had done early in their military careers).

• Vance D. Brand, ex-USMC, (4 flights)^[1]

Skylab Rescue — never flown^[1]

Apollo-Soyuz Test Project — July 1975 — Command Module Pilot — First joint U.S./U.S.S.R. mission^[1]

STS-5 Columbia — November 1982 — Commander — SBS-C and Anik C-3 satellite deployment mission^[1]

STS-41-B Challenger — February 1984 — Commander — Westar 6 and Palapa B2 satellite deployment mission^[1]

STS-35 Columbia — December 1990 — Commander — Spacelab mission^[1]

• John S. Bull, USN^[2]

Resigned from the astronaut corps after learning that he was suffering from pulmonary disease.^[2]

• Gerald P. Carr, USMC, (1 flight)^[3]

Skylab 4 — November 1973–February 1974 — Commander — Third crew of the Skylab space station^[3]

• Charles M. Duke, Jr, USAF, (1 flight)^[4]

Apollo 16 — April 1972 — Lunar Module Pilot — Fifth manned lunar landing; tenth person to walk on the moon^[4]

• Joseph H. Engle, USAF, (2 flights + ALT)^[5]

ALT Enterprise — February through October 1977^[5]

STS-2 Columbia — November 1981 — Commander — Remote Manipulator System testing^[5]

STS-51-I Discovery — August 1985 — Commander — AUSSAT-I, ASC-I, and Syncom IV-4 satellite deployment; Syncom IV-3 repair mission^[5]

Was replaced as the Lunar Module Pilot for Apollo 17 by geologist Harrison Schmitt after Apollo 18 had been canceled.

Engle was the only shuttle pilot who had prior hypersonic flight experience, having earned his astronaut wings flying the X-15 rocket plane.^[5]

• Ronald E. Evans, Jr, USN, (1 flight)^[6]

Apollo 17 — December 1972 — Command Module Pilot — Last manned lunar landing^[6]

• Edward G. Givens, Jr, USAF^[7]

Killed in automobile accident in 1967 after serving on the Apollo 7 support crew.^[7]

• Fred W. Haise, Jr, ex-USMC, (1 flight + ALT)^[8]

Apollo 13 — April 1970 — Lunar Module Pilot — Aborted lunar landing; would have been the sixth person to walk on the moon^[8]

Slated to land as Commander of Apollo 19

ALT Enterprise — February through October 1977^[8]

Was to command the original STS-2 flight to rescue Skylab in 1979.

• James B. Irwin, USAF, (1 flight)^[9]

Apollo 15 — July 1971 — Lunar Module Pilot — Fourth manned lunar landing; eighth person to walk on the moon^[9]

• Don L. Lind, ex-USN, (1 flight)^[10]

Skylab Rescue — never flown^[10]

STS-51-B Challenger — April 1985 — Mission specialist — Spacelab mission^[10]

His first mission in 1985 came 19 years after being selected as an astronaut, longer than any other American astronaut.

• Jack R. Lousma, USMC, (2 flights)^[11]

Skylab 3 — July–September 1973 — Pilot — Second crew of the Skylab space station^[11]

STS-3 Columbia — March 1982 — Commander — Research and development flight^[11]

• T. Kenneth Mattingly, II, USN, (3 flights)^[12]

Apollo 16 — April 1972 — Command Module Pilot — Fifth manned lunar landing^[12]

STS-4 Columbia — June 1982 — Commander — Research and development flight^[12]

STS-51-C Discovery — January 1985 — Commander — United States Department of Defense mission; deployed USA-8 (Magnum 1)^[12]

Was the original Command Module Pilot for Apollo 13, but was grounded due to exposure to rubella, which he was not immune to.^[12]

• Bruce McCandless II, USN, (2 flights)^[13]

STS-41-B Challenger — February 1984 — Mission specialist — Westar 6 and Palapa B2 satellite deployment mission; first untethered EVA^[13]

STS-31 Discovery — April 1990 — Mission specialist — Hubble Space Telescope deployment mission^[13]

• Edgar D. Mitchell, USN, (1 flight)^[14]

Apollo 14 — January 1971 — Lunar Module Pilot — Third manned lunar landing; sixth person to walk on the moon^[14]

• William R. Pogue, USAF, (1 flight)^[15]

Skylab 4 — November 1973–February 1974 — Pilot — Third crew of the Skylab space station^[15]

• Stuart A. Roosa, USAF, (1 flight)^[16]

Apollo 14 — January 1971 — Command Module Pilot — Third manned lunar landing^[16]

• John L. Swigert, Jr, ex-USAF, (1 flight)^[17]

Apollo 13 — April 1970 — Command Module Pilot — Aborted lunar landing^[17]

Intended as Command Module Pilot on Apollo-Soyuz Test Project but was replaced by Vance Brand because of the Apollo 15 postage stamp incident

• Paul J. Weitz, USN, (2 flights)^[18]

Skylab 2 — May–June 1973 — Pilot — First crew of the Skylab space station^[18]

STS-6 Challenger — April 1983 — Commander — TDRS A satellite deployment mission^[18]

• Alfred M. Worden, USAF, (1 flight)^[19]

Apollo 15 — July 1971 — Command Module Pilot — Fourth manned lunar landing^[19]

References

External links

• Astronaut Biographies: Home Page
• Encyclopedia Astronautica entry for NASA Group 5
• Spaceline article on NASA Group 5