From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
| Nepenthes
distillatoria |
 |
| One of
the earliest published illustrations of a pitcher plant, showing
"Utricaria vegetabilis zeylanensium" (N.
distillatoria) |
| Conservation status |
|
|
| Scientific
classification |
| Kingdom: |
Plantae
|
| Division: |
Magnoliophyta
|
| Class: |
Magnoliopsida
|
| Order: |
Caryophyllales
|
| Family: |
Nepenthaceae
|
| Genus: |
Nepenthes
|
| Species: |
N.
distillatoria
|
| Binomial name |
Nepenthes
distillatoria
L. (1753) |
 |
|
Distribution of N. distillatoria. |
| Synonyms |
- Bandura zeylanica
Burm. ex Brongn. (1824) nom.illeg.
- Nepenthes chapmanii
Balakr. (1970)
- Nepenthes destillatoria
Danser (1928) sphalm.typogr.
- Nepenthes distillatoria
auct. non L.: Brion (1855)
[=N.
madagascariensis]
- Nepenthes distillatoria
auct. non L.: Jack (1835)
[=N.
gracilis]
- Nepenthes distillatoria
auct. non L.: Jeanneney (1894)
[=N. vieillardii]
- Nepenthes distillatoria
auct. non L.: R.Grah. (1827)
[=N.
khasiana]
- Nepenthes distillatoria
auct. non L.: Steud. (1841)
[=N.
mirabilis]
- Nepenthes distillatoria
auct. non L.: Wall. (1828)
[=N. distillatoria/N.
gracilis]
- Nepenthes hirsuta var. glabrescens
W.G.Sm. (1882)
- Nepenthes hirsuta var. glabrescens
rubra
auct. non Hort. ex Rafarin: Nichols.
(1892)
- Nepenthes indica
Poir. (1797) nom.illeg.
- Nepenthes rubra
auct. non Hort. ex Rafarin: Nichols.
(1886)
- Nepenthes smithii
Beck (1895) nom.illeg.
- Nepenthes speciosa
Hort. ex Beck (1895) nom.illeg.
- Nepenthes trichocarpa
auct. non Miq.: Hort. ex Hort.Bednar
in sched. (1993)
- Nepenthes zeylanica
(Burm. ex Brongn.) Raf. (1836)
- Nepenthes zeylanica var. rubra
auct. non Hort. ex Rafarin: Nichols.
(1877)
- "Bandura cingalensium"
Ray (1686)
- "Bandura zingalensium"
Breyne (1680)
- "Miranda herba"
Bartholinus (1677)
- "Nepenthes ceylanicum flore minore"
Breyne (1689)
- "Planta mirabilis distillatoria"
H.N.Grimm (1682)
- "Utricaria vegetabilis zeylanensium"
Plukenet (1696)
|
Nepenthes distillatoria (pronounced
/nɨˈpɛnθiːz dɨˌstɪləˈtɔəri.ə/, from New Latin from Latin: destillo = to
distill, -oria = adjectival ending; something from which a
liquid is distilled, i.e., pitcher) is a tropical pitcher plant endemic to Sri Lanka. It was the
second Nepenthes species to be described and
the first to be formally named under the Linnaean system
of taxonomy. It is the type species of the genus.
Botanical
history
N. distillatoria was the second Nepenthes
species to be described, after N. madagascariensis. In
1677, Bartholinus made brief mention of it under the name
Miranda herba, Latin for "marvellous herb".[1] Three
years later, Dutch merchant Jacob Breyne referred to this species
as Bandura zingalensium, after a local name for the
plant.[2]
Bandura subsequently became the most commonly used name
for the tropical pitcher
plants, until Linnaeus coined Nepenthes in 1737.[3]
N. distillatoria was again described in 1683, this time
by Swedish physician H. N. Grimm.[4] Grimm
called it Planta mirabilis destillatoria or the
"miraculous distilling plant", and was the first to clearly
illustrate a tropical pitcher plant.[3]
Three years later, in 1686, English naturalist John Ray quoted Grimm as saying:[5]
The root draws up moisture from the earth which with the help of
the sun's rays rises up into the plant itself and then flows down
through the stems and nerves of the leaves into the natural utensil
to be stored there until used for human needs. [translated from
Latin in Pitcher-Plants of Borneo][3]
Linnaeus used Grimm's original specific epithet when naming N.
distillatoria in 1753.
Ecology
N. distillatoria is endemic to Sri Lanka and is the only Nepenthes
species recorded from the island. It grows in waterlogged open
scrub, along road embankments and other cleared areas, and in
forest. N. distillatoria occurs from sea-level to 700 m
altitude.[6]
Due to its isolation, N. distillatoria has no known
natural hybrids.
Infraspecific
taxa
Two infraspecific taxa of N.
distillatoria have been described, although they are no longer
considered valid.
- Nepenthes distillatoria var. rubra (auct.
non Hort. ex Rafarin: Nichols.) Hort.Veitch
ex Macf. (1908)
- Nepenthes distillatoria vera D.Moore (1872) nom.illeg.
References
- ^
Bartholinus 1677. Miranda herba. Acta Medica et
Philosophica Hafniensa 3: 38.
- ^
Breyne, J. 1680. Bandura zingalensium etc. Prodromus
Fasciculi Rariorum Plantarum 1: 18.
- ^ a
b
c
Phillipps, A. & A. Lamb 1996. Pitcher-Plants of
Borneo. Natural History Publications (Borneo), Kota
Kinabalu.
- ^
Grimm, H.N. 1683. Planta mirabilis destillatoria. In:
Miscellanea curiosa sive Ephemeridum. Med. Phys. Germ. Acad.
Nat. Cur. Decuriae 2, ann. prim. p. 363, f. 27.
- ^
Ray, J. 1686. Bandura cingalensium etc. Historia
Plantarum 1: 721–722.
- ^
Clarke, C.M., R. Cantley, J. Nerz, H. Rischer & A. Witsuba
(2000). Nepenthes distillatoria. 2006. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.
IUCN
2006. www.iucnredlist.org. Retrieved on 06 May 2006.
Listed as Vulnerable (VU B1+2d v2.3).
- Amaratunga, K.L.D. 1980. Nepenthaceae. In: M.D.
Dassanayake & F.R. Fosberg (eds.) A Revised Handbook to the
Flora of Ceylon, Volume 6. Taylor & Francis, London.
pp. 241–244.
- Athauda, S.B.P., H. Inoue, A. Iwamatsu & K. Takahashi 1998.
Acid Proteinase from
Nepenthes distillatoria (Badura). In: M.N.G. James
(ed.) Aspartic Proteinases: Retroviral and Cellular
Enzymes. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology,
Volume 436. Plenum Press, New York. pp. 453–458.
- Athauda, S.B.P., K. Matsumoto, S. Rajapakshe, M. Kuribayashi,
M. Kojima, N. Kubomura-Yoshida, A. Iwamatsu, C. Shibata, H. Inoue
& K. Takahashi 2004. Enzymatic and structural
characterization of nepenthesin, a unique member of a novel
subfamily of aspartic proteinases.PDF (1.32 MiB) (manuscript BJ20031575)
Biochemical Journal 381(1): 295–306.
- Oudemans, A.C. 1915. Die lebenden Bwohner der Kannen der
insektenfressenden Pflanze Nepenthes distillatoria auf
Ceylon (K Guenther). Zeitschrift für wissenschaft
Insektenbiologie 11: 242–243.
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