Coordinates: 50°06′03″N 5°33′09″W / 50.1008°N 5.5525°W
| Newlyn | |
| Cornish: Lulynn | |
  Newlyn
Newlyn shown within Cornwall |
|
| Population | 21,168 (Civil Parish, 2001) |
|---|---|
| OS grid reference | |
| Parish | Penzance |
| Unitary authority | Cornwall |
| Ceremonial county | Cornwall |
| Region | South West |
| Country | England |
| Sovereign state | United Kingdom |
| Post town | PENZANCE |
| Postcode district | TR18 |
| Dialling code | 01736 |
| Police | Devon and Cornwall |
| Fire | Cornwall |
| Ambulance | South Western |
| EU Parliament | South West England |
| UK Parliament | St Ives |
| List of places: UK • England • Cornwall | |
Newlyn (Cornish: Lulynn) is a town in southwest Cornwall, England, United Kingdom. The town forms a small conurbation with neighbouring Penzance, and part of the civil parish of Penzance. The principal industry in Newlyn is fishing, and the town relies upon its harbour.
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The settlement is recorded as Nulyn in 1279 and as Lulyn in 1290, and the name is thought to be derived from the Cornish for "pool for a fleet of boats".[1].
Before the rise of Newlyn as an important settlement the landing rights and most property within the Newlyn area were owned by the Manor of Alverton. Newlyn's history has been strongly linked to its role as a major fishing port. The natural protection afforded by the Gwavas Lake (an area of seawater in Mounts Bay) led to many local fishermen using this area as a preferred landing site."The Harbour". http://members.tripod.com/vingoe/Henry%20of%20St%20Just%20Line.htm. Retrieved 2009-03-27.. Newlyn harbour is first recorded in 1435 by the Bishop of Exeter; later large scale improvements to the harbour led to Newlyn becoming the predominant fishing port in Mounts Bay.
In 1620 the Mayflower stopped off at Newlyn old quay to take on water.[2] A plaque on the quay reads:-
In memory of Bill Best-Harris, historian who through rigorous research found that the Mayflower docked in Newlyn Harbour for fresh water as the water supplied in Plymouth was contaminated. Therefore Newlyn was the last port of call in UK for the Mayflower.
Before the 19th century "Newlyn" referred only to the area near the old quay. The part of the village which now contains the fish market was known as "Streetanowan", this was separated at high tide from "Newlyn Town" the site of the lower part of the modern harbour being reclaimed land and formerly a beach.[3]
In 1755 the Lisbon earthquake caused a tsunami to strike the Cornish coast over 1,000 miles away. The sea rose ten feet in ten minutes at Newlyn, and ebbed at the same rate. The 19th century French writer, Arnold Boscowitz, claimed that "great loss of life and property occurred upon the coasts of Cornwall".[4]
The Spanish Raid of 1595 destroyed Penzance, Mousehole and Paul as well as Newlyn. During the 19th century Newlyn was the scene of the Newlyn riots following protests over the landing of fish on a Sunday by fishermen from the north of England, the local Cornish fishermen being members of the Methodist church and as such strong supporters of sabbatarianism.
In 1915 the Ordnance Survey tidal observatory was established in the harbour and for the next six years measurements of tidal height were taken every 15 minutes.[5]
Newlyn was the home of William Lovett a leader of the Chartist movement. In 1937 the fishing vessel Rosebud sailed to London to deliver a petition to the Minister of Health on behalf of those villagers whose homes were threatened under the government's slum clearance scheme.
Before the 1890s Newlyn (like Mousehole) had strong connections with the nearby parish of Paul. It was common for villagers to climb the relatively steep route from "Newlyn Cliff" to Paul via the area which is now known as Gwavas to worship at Paul Church. Until the mid twentieth century an ancient stone cross was present on this route at "Park an Grouse" (The Field of the Cross), this cross was one site of veneration of the Cornish sea deity Bucca, (others were the beaches of Newlyn and Mousehole) the name 'Bucca' has often been used as a nickname for people resident in Newlyn: the location of the cross is now unknown.
During world war two Newlyn was a base for the Air Sea Rescue craft covering the Western Approaches. The harbour was bombed during the war, hitting the colier 'Greenhithe', which was beached in the harbour at the time and supplied coal to the east coast drifters, which traveled to Newlyn during the mackerel fishing season between the wars. Reporting the event on the Germany Calling propaganda broadcast Lord Haw-Haw announced that the Luftwaffe had sunk a British cruiser in Newlyn harbour.[citation needed]
Newlyn's economy is largely dependent on its harbour and the associated fishing industry. Because of Newlyn's association with the creative arts there are also a number of artists and art galleries that are established in the area.
It was made famous in the 1880s and 1890s for its Newlyn School artists' colony, including the painters Thomas Cooper Gotch, Albert Chevallier Tayler and Henry Scott Tuke. The current largest collection of work by the Newlyn School is held by Penlee House Gallery and Museum in nearby Penzance.
Newlyn is the home of Newlyn Art Gallery [1] which houses a collection of modern art.
Between 1970 and 1983, Troika Pottery, an art pottery studio, was based in Newlyn.
For the purposes of local government, Newlyn is part of the Penzance Civil Parish and returns 5 councillors to Penzance Town Council. The principal local authority in the area is Cornwall Council.
Newlyn is a fishing village in Cornwall.
Newlyn is home to Newlyn Gallery which houses a collection of modern art, and was also the orginal home of the Newlyn School of Art,(since re-located in Penlee House in Penzance). This is the 4th largest fishing port in Britain (pop. 4000). The mediaeval quay, beloved of the Newlyn School painters (including Stanhope Forbes, Harold Harvey, Henry Scott Tuke, Lamorna Birch, Norman Garstin, Charles Napier Hemy, Walter Langley), still exists and there are still many charming cottages and narrow lanes to explore.
Mousehole (pronounced Mow-zel by most people, although some locals do say mouse-hole!) is about 45 mins walk away along a good footpath with magnificent views of St Michael's Mount and the huge expanse of Mount's Bay. This charming little place is everyone's idea of a Cornish harbour. A short walk uphill goes to Paul where there is a fine church and a memorial to Dolly Pentreath, reputed last speaker of the Cornish language. The King's Arms pub in Paul was once used by Prince Felix Yusupov, who murdered Grigori Rasputin! An excellent book about this area is 'People & Places in Paul Parish' by Jim Hosking.
Small enough to walk everywhere, although Paul hill is very steep!
Check out the comings and goings of this busy fishing port http://newlynharbour.co.uk/blog
Lamorna Cove, Land's End, Sennen Cove make wonderful visits nearby.
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Category: Outline articles
NEWLYN, a village in the St Ives parliamentary division of Cornwall, England, on the shore of Mount's Bay, I m. S.W. of Penzance. It is a small fishing port, with narrow paved lanes and old-fashioned cottages. Near the parish church of St Peter stands an ancient cross of granite, discovered in a field close by. The harbour, one of the safest for small craft in the west country, is sheltered by two long and massive stone piers. A more ancient pier, originally constructed in the reign of Henry VI., was renewed in that of James I. Tin mining and smelting have been largely carried on in the neighbourhood, and several galleries were worked far under the sea. The principal modern industry, however, is fishing, especially for pilchard. The picturesque appearance of the village, with its quays and little harbour, and the grandeur of the cliffs and moorland scenery towards Land's End, make Newlyn an attractive spot. Between 1880 and 1890 an artistic coterie grew up here, the leaders of which were Edwin Harris, Walter Langley, Fred Hall, Frank Bramley, T. C. Gotch, Mr and Mrs Stanhope Forbes, Chevalier Taylor and H. S. Tuke. The earlier artists at Newlyn were said to have selected it as their centre, because a greyness in the atmosphere helped their depiction of subtleties in tone, part of their creed being subordination of colour to tone-gradation. In later times, the element of a common ideal tended to disappear, but the interest of the "Newlyn school" attracted a regular art-colony, who in various ways assimilated and expressed the picturesque influences of the place (see Painting: Recent British). There is a permanent Art Gallery, containing examples of the work of the Newlyn artists. Newlyn ward in the urban district of Paul (pop. 6332) had in 1901 a population of 3749.
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Categories: NES-NEW | South West England
   | NTSLF page about the Newlyn Tidal Observatory and the Fundamental Benchmark - Newlyn Tidal Observatory |
| | '''newlynharbour.co.uk''' - information, images and blog on Newlyn Harbour - Newlyn Harbour Cornwall England Fishing Port Fish |
| | Newlyn Photographs - Newlyn photographs Cornwall :: Photos of Cornwall |
| | '''newlynfishestival.org.uk''' - information on the Newlyn Fish Festival - Newlyn Fish Festival - Newlyn, Penzance, Cornwall - This is the Newlyn Fish Festival 2009! |
| | '''newlyn.org''' - information on the regeneration of Newlyn Harbour and connected organisations - Newlyn Fish Industry Forum - information on the Fisheries and Harbour Development as part of the Newlyn Regeneration Scheme |
| | Newlyn (DMOZ.org) - Open Directory - Regional: Europe: United Kingdom: England: Cornwall: Newlyn |
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