NIGERIA, a British
protectorate in West
Africa occupying the lower basin of the Niger
and the country between that river and Lake Chad, including the
Fula empire (i.e. the
Hausa States) and the greater part
of
Bornu.
.^ Nigeria covers an area of 356,669 square miles (923,768 square kilometers), or about twice the size of California.- Culture of Nigeria - traditional, history, people, clothing, traditions, women, beliefs, food, customs, family, social, dress, marriage, men, life, wedding, tribe, population, religion 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.everyculture.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ At about 345 people per square mile, it is also the most densely populated country in Africa.- Culture of Nigeria - traditional, history, people, clothing, traditions, women, beliefs, food, customs, family, social, dress, marriage, men, life, wedding, tribe, population, religion 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.everyculture.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
m.
.^ It is bordered on the west by Benin, on the north by Niger and Chad, and on the east by Cameroon.- Culture of Nigeria - traditional, history, people, clothing, traditions, women, beliefs, food, customs, family, social, dress, marriage, men, life, wedding, tribe, population, religion 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.everyculture.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Classification : Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Volta-Congo, Benue-Congo, Cross River, Delta Cross, Upper Cross, Agoi-Doko-Iyoniyong More information.- Ethnologue report for Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.ethnologue.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Classification : Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Volta-Congo, Benue-Congo, Cross River, Delta Cross, Upper Cross, Central, North-South, Koring-Kukele, Kukele More information.- Ethnologue report for Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.ethnologue.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
Physical Features
.^ The Niger and Benue Rivers come together in the center of the country, creating a "Y" that splits Nigeria into three separate sections.- Culture of Nigeria - traditional, history, people, clothing, traditions, women, beliefs, food, customs, family, social, dress, marriage, men, life, wedding, tribe, population, religion 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.everyculture.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ The earliest occupants of Nigeria settled in the forest belt and in the Niger Delta region.Today there are estimated to be more than 250 ethnic groups in Nigeria.- Embassy of the Federal Republic of Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.nigeriaembassyusa.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ The savannah zone's three categories are divided into "Guinea patches of grass and sand, and is found in the northeast.- Top20Nigeria.com - Your Top20 Guide to Nigeria! 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC top20nigeria.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
The coast line, some Soo m. in length, extends
along the
.^ Nigeria is bordered to the north by Niger , to the east by Chad and Cameroon , to the south by the Gulf of Guinea of the Atlantic Ocean , and to the west by Benin .- Nigeria -- Britannica Online Encyclopedia 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.britannica.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ It borders on the Gulf of Guinea (an arm of the Atlantic Ocean) in the south, on Benin in the west, on Niger in the northwest and north, on Chad in the northeast, and on Cameroon in the east.- Nigeria News - Breaking World Nigeria News - The New York Times 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC topics.nytimes.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ From the Gulf of Guinea on the Atlantic Ocean in the south, plateaus and plains cover much of the country.- Nigerians – FREE Nigerians information | Encyclopedia.com: Find Nigerians research 20 November 2009 11:011 UTC www.encyclopedia.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
The Niger (q.v.), which enters the protectorate at its
N.W. corner and flows thence S.E. to the Atlantic, receives, 250 m.
from the sea, the
.^ Nigeria is bordered to the north by Niger , to the east by Chad and Cameroon , to the south by the Gulf of Guinea of the Atlantic Ocean , and to the west by Benin .- Nigeria -- Britannica Online Encyclopedia 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.britannica.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ It borders on the Gulf of Guinea (an arm of the Atlantic Ocean) in the south, on Benin in the west, on Niger in the northwest and north, on Chad in the northeast, and on Cameroon in the east.- Nigeria News - Breaking World Nigeria News - The New York Times 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC topics.nytimes.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Adamawa state, Ganye LGA; Tiba Plateau, between Garba Sbege and Jada, north of Shebshi Mountains.- Ethnologue report for Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.ethnologue.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
.^ It is bordered on the west by Benin, on the north by Niger and Chad, and on the east by Cameroon.- Culture of Nigeria - traditional, history, people, clothing, traditions, women, beliefs, food, customs, family, social, dress, marriage, men, life, wedding, tribe, population, religion 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.everyculture.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Resolving Conflicts President Carter visited the Niger River delta in February 1999 to meet with activists, who had grown more confrontational in protesting policies and practices of the government and major oil companies operating in the area.- International Peacemaking and Human Rights Programs - Nigeria - CarterCenter.org 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.cartercenter.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Niger Delta - Communities Insist On Managing 10 Percent Oil Equity Warri — The association of oil and gas Host Communities of Nigeria (HOSTCON) has decried insinuations in certain quarters that its members are incapable of successfully managing the huge funds f...- NigerianHotspot.com - News & Information about Nigeria, Videos, Shopping, Real Estate, Tourism, Car Hire, Apartment, Shortlet 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.nigerianhotspot.com [Source type: News]
.^ Rivers state, Opobo-Nkoro LGA, Niger Delta, Nkoro town.- Ethnologue report for Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.ethnologue.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ In this cesspool of corruption, it is not out of place to have the kind of chaos expressed in the form of piracy, kidnapping, extortion, arson and sabotage that we have in the Niger-Delta.
^ Attacks on oil facilities and pipelines became ever more relentless, and the Niger River delta was an increasingly bloody place.
.^ And now, British MPs are claiming racism because a Nigerian boat carrier will not take white MPs into the Niger Delta for fear of a kidnapping situation...
^ There is a high risk of kidnappings and other armed attacks in the Niger Delta to ships and oil rigs at sea off the coast of the Delta.- Nigeria travel advice 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.fco.gov.uk [Source type: News]
^ Reports on the political transition, ECOMOG, Niger Delta events, the economy, status of the independent media by Mark Frohardt and Eric Johnson.
.^ Most of Oyo, Ogun, Ondo, Osun, Kwara, and Lagos states; Kogi state, west LGAs.- Ethnologue report for Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.ethnologue.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ These minorities mostly reside in major cities such as Lagos and Abuja , or in the Niger Delta as employees for the major oil companies.- Top20Nigeria.com - Your Top20 Guide to Nigeria! 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC top20nigeria.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ See Environmental issues in the Niger Delta for more details, and Conflict in the Niger Delta about strife which has arisen in connection with those issues.- Top20Nigeria.com - Your Top20 Guide to Nigeria! 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC top20nigeria.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
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.^ The delta region is swampy, and forms, for a distance of from 40 to 70 m.
inland, a network of interlacing creeks and broad sluggish
channels fringed with monotonous
mangrove forests.
.^ The main rivers are navigable for ocean-going steamers for a distance of from 15 to 40 m.
^ From the Forcados mouth of the Niger steamers can ascend the main stream as far as Jebba, a distance of 530 m.
from their mouths.
.^ Beyond the delta firm ground takes the place of mud and the mangroves disappear.
.^ The land rises gradually at first, becoming, however, in many districts very hilly, and is covered with dense forests.
^ The Speaker of the House of Assembly shall give effect to subsection (1) of this section, so however that the Speaker or a member shall first present evidence satisfactory to the House that any of the provisions of that subsection has become applicable in respect of the member.- Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.nigeria-law.org [Source type: Original source]
.^ The Niger at its confluence with the Benue is not more than 250 ft.
^ From the edge of the coast belt to near the confluence of the Benue and Niger they are overlain by unfossiliferous sandstones, lying undisturbed and possibly of the age of the sandstones of the Congo basin.
^ These territories, with the exception of Zaria, were all in the more or less immediate neighbourhood of the valleys of the Niger and the Benue, and Zaria bordered upon the Kaduna.
above the sea.
.^ North of this point are hills forming the walls of the plateau which extends over the centre of the protectorate and is part of the great plateau of North Africa.
^ The north-eastern part of the country drains to Lake Chad by the Waube or Yo, an intermittent stream, which in its lower course forms the Anglo-French boundary.
.^ This plateau, broken only by the valleys of the rivers, does not attain an elevation approaching that of the plateaus of the southern half of the continent, the culminating point (apart from particular mountain districts), situated in about 10 N., reaching a height of 3000 ft.
^ In view of the approaching unification of Southern and Northern Nigeria, the money needed, about £1,250,000, was raised as a loan by Southern Nigeria.
^ In the districts of Illorin and Borgu , west of the Niger, the inhabitants are also negroes and pagan, but of a more advanced type than the tribes of the river valleys.
only.
.^ The valleys of the Niger and Benue, especially the latter, are very much lower, the town of Yola on the Benue, some 400 m.
^ These territories, with the exception of Zaria, were all in the more or less immediate neighbourhood of the valleys of the Niger and the Benue, and Zaria bordered upon the Kaduna.
^ Steamers can also ascend the Benue to Yola, 480 m., above the confluence of that river with the Niger at Lokoja.
inland, lying at an
altitude of little over 600 ft.
.^ The surface is generally undulating, with isolated " table mountains " of granite and sandstone often rising abruptly from the plain.
.^ It is clothed largely with thin forest, but becomes more open to the north until, near the French frontier, the arid steppes bordering the Sahara are reached.
^ Terrain: Ranges from southern coastal swamps to tropical forests, open woodlands, grasslands, and semi-desert in the far north.- Nigeria (12/09) 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.state.gov [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ It was not until 1909 that the whole of the frontier between Nigeria and the French and German possessions had been definitely demarcated.
.^ Much of the country north of Zaria (r i° N.) is covered with heavy loose sand .
.^ The most mountainous districts are northern Bauchi (a little north of io°), where heights of 6000 to 7000 ft.
^ This plateau, broken only by the valleys of the rivers, does not attain an elevation approaching that of the plateaus of the southern half of the continent, the culminating point (apart from particular mountain districts), situated in about 10 N., reaching a height of 3000 ft.
^ Northern Mandaras Site for ethnographers, on the northern Mandara mountains of North Cameroon and North East Nigeria .
occur; parts of
.^ Muri , along the north bank of the Benue; and the southern border of the Benue basin, where the hills (consisting of ironstone, quartz and granite) appear rich in minerals.
^ Thus along the banks of the Niger, Benue and other streams, the inhabitants are negro and pagans, and generally of a purely savage though often rather fine type.
^ Nigeria has a long-running border dispute with Cameroon over the mineral-rich Bakasi Peninsula, and the two nations have engaged in a series of cross-boarder skirmishes.- Culture of Nigeria - traditional, history, people, clothing, traditions, women, beliefs, food, customs, family, social, dress, marriage, men, life, wedding, tribe, population, religion 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.everyculture.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
The mountainous area covers some 50,000 sq. m.
.^ On the east the plateau sinks to the plains of Bornu (q.v.
), which extend
to Lake Chad.
.^ The Niger at its confluence with the Benue is not more than 250 ft.
^ Tributaries of the Niger traverse the western portion of the country, the most noteworthy being the Gulbin Kebbi or Sokoto river and the Kaduna, which flows through a valley not more than 500 ft.
^ Most ethnic groups traditionally allow more than one wife.- Culture of Nigeria - traditional, history, people, clothing, traditions, women, beliefs, food, customs, family, social, dress, marriage, men, life, wedding, tribe, population, religion 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.everyculture.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
above the sea.
.^ The north-eastern part of the country drains to Lake Chad by the Waube or Yo, an intermittent stream, which in its lower course forms the Anglo-French boundary.
^ At this period the nights are cold, and in the north January and February are cold even in the day-time, while frosts are experienced in the neighbourhood of Lake Chad.
^ The first recorded empire in present-day Nigeria was centered in the north at Kanem-Borno, near Lake Chad.- Culture of Nigeria - traditional, history, people, clothing, traditions, women, beliefs, food, customs, family, social, dress, marriage, men, life, wedding, tribe, population, religion 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.everyculture.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
.^ The western portion of Lake Chad (q.v.
)
belongs to the protectorate, which contains no other large lake.
.^ The water parting between the Chad and Niger systems runs N.W. and S.E. from about Katsena in 13° N. to the Bauchi hills.
^ NIGERIA, a British protectorate in West Africa occupying the lower basin of the Niger and the country between that river and Lake Chad, including the Fula empire (i.e.
^ Bulletin Régional de suivi des échanges transfrontaliers Academic bulletin, in French, on trade, economic relations between Benin, Cameroun, Chad, Niger, and Nigeria .
.^ Of the tributaries of the Benue the most important is the Gongola.
.^ During the dry season most of the small rivers cease running and the water in the larger streams is low.
.^ The great rise of the Niger within the protectorate takes place in August and September and there is a second rise about the beginning of the year.
^ Perhaps there was a pact that Atiku will take over from his boss after the second term.
^ In August of that year the British government, on administrative, strategic and commercial grounds, came to a decision to build a railway which should place the important cities of Zaria and Kano in direct communication with the perennially navigable waters of the Lower Niger.
.^ The fundamental formation consists of crystalline rocks.
.^ From the edge of the coast belt to near the confluence of the Benue and Niger they are overlain by unfossiliferous sandstones, lying undisturbed and possibly of the age of the sandstones of the Congo basin.
^ Macgregor Laird first organized in 1832 the navigation of the river Niger from its mouth to a point above the Benue confluence.
^ Steamers can also ascend the Benue to Yola, 480 m., above the confluence of that river with the Niger at Lokoja.
.^ Limestones, with fossils indicating a Tertiary age, have been found near Sokoto.
.^ Superficial deposits occupy the coast belt.
.^ Recent alluvium and a thick deposit of black earth border the upper reaches of the Benue and cover wide areas around Lake Chad.
^ Benue , which, rising in the mountains of Adamawa south of Lake Chad, flows west across the plateau.
^ People also cover the body with black earth during burial because many believe that red earth will result in skin blemishes in the next life.- Culture of Nigeria - traditional, history, people, clothing, traditions, women, beliefs, food, customs, family, social, dress, marriage, men, life, wedding, tribe, population, religion 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.everyculture.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
Climate
.^ The country lies wholly within the tropics.
.^ The climate of the coast-lands is moist and hot, and extremely unhealthy, malarial fever being prevalent and deadly.
^ The direction of the prevailing wind is S.W. Though unfavourable for the permanent residence of white men, the interior is much less deadly than the coast-lands.
.^ The annual rainfall in the delta regions varies between Too and 140 or more inches; the mean temperature is over 80° F. The heat does not vary greatly, rarely sinking below 70°, and not often exceeding 100 0 in the shade.
^ The temperature in the central part of the protectorate is much the same average as at the coast, but the range is far greater, varying from a shade minimum of 59° to a shade maximum of 107 0.1 The rainfall is much scantier on the plateaus than in the maritime regions, averaging in Northern Nigeria about 50 in.
^ A positive sentiment usually means more de mand, which often jump-starts production to increase supply to meet the demand.
.^ The direction of the prevailing wind is S.W. Though unfavourable for the permanent residence of white men, the interior is much less deadly than the coast-lands.
^ The Efiks, a coast tribe which has come much into contact with white men, have adopted several European customs, and educated Efiks are employed in government service.
^ The climate of the coast-lands is moist and hot, and extremely unhealthy, malarial fever being prevalent and deadly.
.^ The northern part is a land of tornadoes.
.^ At the close of the dry season (end of February) cyclones from the N.E., usually accompanied by rain and thunder , burst over the land.
.^ They increase in frequency until they merge in the heavy rains which last from July to October.
.^ Then the " hamattan," or hot, dry wind from the Sahara, begins and brings with it clouds of impalpable dust .
.^ At this period the nights are cold, and in the north January and February are cold even in the day-time, while frosts are experienced in the neighbourhood of Lake Chad.
^ The first recorded empire in present-day Nigeria was centered in the north at Kanem-Borno, near Lake Chad.- Culture of Nigeria - traditional, history, people, clothing, traditions, women, beliefs, food, customs, family, social, dress, marriage, men, life, wedding, tribe, population, religion 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.everyculture.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ The north-eastern part of the country drains to Lake Chad by the Waube or Yo, an intermittent stream, which in its lower course forms the Anglo-French boundary.
.^ Nigeria inspects all imports on arrival, rather than at ports of origin; as a result, about 95% of containers are physically examined.- Nigeria (12/09) 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.state.gov [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ These various ethnic groups never considered themselves part of the same culture.- Culture of Nigeria - traditional, history, people, clothing, traditions, women, beliefs, food, customs, family, social, dress, marriage, men, life, wedding, tribe, population, religion 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.everyculture.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Independence Nigeria gained full independence in October 1960, as a federation of three regions (northern, western, and eastern) under a constitution that provided for a parliamentary form of government.- Nigeria (12/09) 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.state.gov [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
a year.
.^ There is evidence of the increasing desiccation of the whole country north of the forest belt.
^ In fighting them there was no question of fighting the whole country.
^ The whole country was divided into seventeen provinces, in each of which there was a provincial court presided over by the resident in charge, whose assistants were commissioners of the court.
.^ This desiccation is partly attributable to the unrestricted felling of wood practised for many centuries by the inhabitants.
.^ Along the northern border of the protectorate this has resulted in the encroachment of the Saharan desert over once fertile districts.
.^ The natives of the northern regions do not suffer to any extent from fever unless they move to a part of the country some distance from their home.
^ In the northern parts of Nigeria the inhabitants are of more mixed blood, the negro substratum having been to a great extent driven out by the northern races of the continent.
^ Female genital mutilation (FGM) remained widely practiced in some parts of the country, and child abuse and child prostitution were common.- Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.state.gov [Source type: Original source]
.^ Leprosy is common, especially in the inland towns; while ophthalmia is prevalent in the north, especially among the poorer classes, who are compelled to expose themselves to the blinding dust from the deserts and the excessive glare of the sun reflected from the burning sand.
.^ The animals of Nigeria include the elephant , lion , leopard , giraffe , hyena , West-African buffalo , many kinds of antelope and gazelle and smaller game.
^ Nigeria and the West African sub-region.
^ Reuters and AP wire stories on West African countries, includes also Congo-Brazzaville, Zaire, and Angola.
.^ Monkeys are numerous in the forests, and snakes are common.
.^ The camel is found in the northern regions bordering the Sahara.
.^ In the rivers are rhinoceros , hippopotamus and crocodile .
The manatus is
also found.
.^ The birds include the ostrich , marabout , vultures, kites, hawks, ground hornbill , great bustard , guinea fowl , partridge , lesser bustard, quail , snipe , duck , widgeon, teal , geese of various kinds, paraquets, doves, blue, bronze and green pigeons, and many others.
.^ Domestic animals include the horse and donkey in the plateaus, but baggage animals are rare in the coast-lands, where the tsetse fly is found.
.^ Mosquitoes are also abundant throughout the delta.
.^ Herds of cattle and flocks of sheep and goats are numerous throughout the country.
.^ The mangrove is the characteristic tree of the swamps.
.^ North of the swamps the oil palm ( Elaeis guineensis ) flourishes abundantly.
.^ It is common as far as about 7° N. Rubber vines, mahogany , ebony and many valuable timber trees are found in the forest zone.
^ Rubber, ebony and other timber, cocoa and gum copal , come next in importance.
.^ Other trees, found chiefly on the plateaus, are the baobab , the shea- butter tree, the locust tree , gambier , palms, including the date and dum palm (Hyphaene), the tamarind , and, in the arid regions, the acacia and mimosa .
^ The shea-butter tree supplies an excellent oil for lamps, and also for cooking, though it is only used by the poorer classes.
Inhabitants
.^ The Europeans (mostly British) number about a thousand, and are civil servants, soldiers, traders or missionaries.
^ The population of Nigeria is estimated at 15,000,000.
^ As part of a 15-month economic emergency, he announced stringent pay cuts for the military, police, and civil servants and enacted similar cuts for the private sector.- Nigeria (12/09) 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.state.gov [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
.^ In the delta district and the forest zone the inhabitants are typical negroes.
^ The country is divisible, broadly, into three zones running parallel with the coast: (I) the delta , (2) forest region, giving place to (3) the plateau region.
^ In the districts of Illorin and Borgu , west of the Niger, the inhabitants are also negroes and pagan, but of a more advanced type than the tribes of the river valleys.
.^ Besides the people of Benin, the coast tribes include the Jekri, living on the lower part of the Benin river and akin to the Yoruba, the Ijos, living in the delta east of the main mouth of the Niger, and the Ibos, occupying a wide tract of country just above the delta and extending for loo m.
^ Each tribe has a different ju-ju, and each speaks a separate language or dialect , the most widely diffused tongues being the Ibo and Efik, which have been reduced to writing.
^ At the Berlin Conference held in1884-1885the British representative was able to state that Great Britain alone possessed trading interests on the Lower Niger, and in June 1885 a British protectorate was notified over the coast lands known as the Oil Rivers.
east from the
.^ Niger to the Cross river.
^ East of the Niger delta is that formed by the Imo or Opobo, Bonny and other streams, and still farther east is the Calabar estuary , mainly formed by the Cross river .
^ Niger Delta Development Commission Covers Abia, Akwa Ibom, Bayelsa, Cross River, Delta, Edo, Imo, Ondo, and Rivers States.
.^ South of the Ibos live the Aros, a tribe of relatively great intelligence, who dominated many of the surrounding tribes and possessed an oracle or ju-ju of reputed great power.
^ Each tribe has a different ju-ju, and each speaks a separate language or dialect , the most widely diffused tongues being the Ibo and Efik, which have been reduced to writing.
^ The interior was held by powerful Mahommedan rulers who had imposed a military domination upon the indigenous races and were not prepared to open their territories to European intercourse.
.^ Cross River state, Odukpani LGA, Calabar area.- Ethnologue report for Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.ethnologue.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Cross River state, northeast of Efik, south of Idere.- Ethnologue report for Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.ethnologue.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ EPZs in Calabar, Cross River State, and Onne Port, Rivers State, operated during the year.- Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.state.gov [Source type: Original source]
.^ All these tribes are fetish worshippers, though Christian and Moslem missionaries have made numerous converts.
^ Under these officials peace was gradually established between various tribes, trade routes opened and progress made in civilization.
.^ The Efiks, a coast tribe which has come much into contact with white men, have adopted several European customs, and educated Efiks are employed in government service.
^ While the government aims to provide universal education for both boys and girls, the number of girls in class is usually much lower than the number of boys.- Culture of Nigeria - traditional, history, people, clothing, traditions, women, beliefs, food, customs, family, social, dress, marriage, men, life, wedding, tribe, population, religion 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.everyculture.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ The direction of the prevailing wind is S.W. Though unfavourable for the permanent residence of white men, the interior is much less deadly than the coast-lands.
.^ The great secret society called Egbo is an Efik institution.
.^ Dialects : A separate language from Bole [ bol ].- Ethnologue report for Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.ethnologue.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Each tribe has a different ju-ju, and each speaks a separate language or dialect , the most widely diffused tongues being the Ibo and Efik, which have been reduced to writing.
^ South of the Ibos live the Aros, a tribe of relatively great intelligence, who dominated many of the surrounding tribes and possessed an oracle or ju-ju of reputed great power.
In general little
clothing is worn, but none of the tribes go absolutely nude.
.^ In colour the majority are dark chocolate , others are coal -black (a tint much admired by the natives themselves) or dark yellow-brown.
.^ Cannibalism , human sacrifices and other revolting practices common to the tribes, are being gradually stamped out under British control.
^ In Bornu the extension of British authority was very willingly accepted as a guarantee against other European encroachments, and the legitimate Shehu was restored to the throne under British protection.
^ In the exercise of his functions under this Constitution, the Auditor-General for a State shall not be subject to the direction or control of any other authority or person.- Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.nigeria-law.org [Source type: Original source]
1 Returns at Zungeru for 1903.
.^ Trial by ordeal and domestic slavery are still among the recog nized institutions.
^ Civil questions arising from the institution of domestic slavery remained justiciable by the native courts; which in this matter were very carefully supervised by the British administration.
.^ In the northern parts of Nigeria the inhabitants are of more mixed blood, the negro substratum having been to a great extent driven out by the northern races of the continent.
^ The natives of the northern regions do not suffer to any extent from fever unless they move to a part of the country some distance from their home.
^ The most important race in Northern Nigeria is that of the Hausa (q.v.
.^ The most important race in Northern Nigeria is that of the Hausa (q.v.
^ In the northern parts of Nigeria the inhabitants are of more mixed blood, the negro substratum having been to a great extent driven out by the northern races of the continent.
^ Hausa Bakwai "News worthy events from Northern Nigeria collected from various Nigerian sources sent by e-mail.
),
among whom the superior classes adopted Mahommedanism in the 13th
and 14th centuries.
.^ While the lower classes remained pagan , a fairly civilized system of administration, with an efficient judicial and fiscal organization, was established in the Hausa territories.
^ It remained to organize the territories for British rule, to institute a reformed system of taxation, to establish courts of justice, and to open the country to civilized occupation.
^ For all these territories an initial system of administration was organized, and British residents were appointed to each province.
.^ The Hausa are keen traders and make ex cellent soldiers.
.^ At the beginning of the 19th century the Hausa territories were conquered by another dominant Mahommedan race, the Fula (q.v.
^ The interior was held by powerful Mahommedan rulers who had imposed a military domination upon the indigenous races and were not prepared to open their territories to European intercourse.
), who
form a separate
caste of
cattle-rearers.
.^ Arab merchants are settled in some of the larger Hausa towns.
.^ In general the people living in the river valleys have been unaffected by Moslem propaganda either in blood or religion.
.^ Thus along the banks of the Niger, Benue and other streams, the inhabitants are negro and pagans, and generally of a purely savage though often rather fine type.
^ East of the Niger delta is that formed by the Imo or Opobo, Bonny and other streams, and still farther east is the Calabar estuary , mainly formed by the Cross river .
^ South of the Benue, near the Niger confluence, dwell the savage and warlike Okpotos, Bassas and other tribes.
.^ Of these the Munshi , who inhabit the district nearest the junction of the Benue with the Niger, were long noted for their intractability and hostility to strangers, whom they attacked with poisoned arrows.
^ From the edge of the coast belt to near the confluence of the Benue and Niger they are overlain by unfossiliferous sandstones, lying undisturbed and possibly of the age of the sandstones of the Congo basin.
^ It follows therefore that these reservoirs in the Niger-Delta were in place long before the existence of the entity called Nigeria and certainly long before the very first human settlers in the Niger-Delta.
The Yoraghums, their neighbours, were cannibals.
.^ Nearer Yola live the Battas , who also had a bad reputation.
^ South of the Ibos live the Aros, a tribe of relatively great intelligence, who dominated many of the surrounding tribes and possessed an oracle or ju-ju of reputed great power.
.^ These tribes, under British influence, are turning to trade and agricultural pursuits.
^ Under these officials peace was gradually established between various tribes, trade routes opened and progress made in civilization.
^ Small military expeditions had constantly to be employed to break up slave-raiding gangs or reduce to order tribes which blocked trade routes or made war on other tribes living peaceably under British protection.
.^ In the central hilly region of Kachia are other pagan tribes.
.^ They wear no clothes and their bodies are covered with hair.
.^ South of the Benue, near the Niger confluence, dwell the savage and warlike Okpotos, Bassas and other tribes.
^ From the edge of the coast belt to near the confluence of the Benue and Niger they are overlain by unfossiliferous sandstones, lying undisturbed and possibly of the age of the sandstones of the Congo basin.
^ Thus along the banks of the Niger, Benue and other streams, the inhabitants are negro and pagans, and generally of a purely savage though often rather fine type.
.^ In the districts of Illorin and Borgu , west of the Niger, the inhabitants are also negroes and pagan, but of a more advanced type than the tribes of the river valleys.
^ Further west at the Forcados mouth of the Niger is a town of the same name, which is the principal port of entry for the river.
^ In the northern parts of Nigeria the inhabitants are of more mixed blood, the negro substratum having been to a great extent driven out by the northern races of the continent.
.^ To attempt any complete list of the tribes inhabiting Northern Nigeria would be vain.
^ In the northern parts of Nigeria the inhabitants are of more mixed blood, the negro substratum having been to a great extent driven out by the northern races of the continent.
.^ In the one province of Bauchi as many as sixty native languages are spoken.
^ The business of a House of Assembly shall be conducted in English, but the House may in addition to English conduct the business of the House in one or more other languages spoken in the State as the House may by resolution approve.- Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.nigeria-law.org [Source type: Original source]
In Bornu (q.v.) the population consists of
.^ Berberi or Kanuri , the ruling race, containing a mixture of Berber and negro blood, with many lesser indigenous tribes; (2) so-called Arabs , and (3) Fula.
^ In the northern parts of Nigeria the inhabitants are of more mixed blood, the negro substratum having been to a great extent driven out by the northern races of the continent.
.^ The country to the back of Lagos is largely inhabited by Yorubas , and the people of Borgu according to some native traditions claim to have had a Coptic origin.
^ The natives of the northern regions do not suffer to any extent from fever unless they move to a part of the country some distance from their home.
^ N. of Benin city, is an important trade centre for the Yoruba country, in which are the large cities of Abeokuta , Ibadan and Illorin, all separately noticed.
Towns. - . large proportion of the population dwells in
towns.
^ A large proportion of the population dwells in towns.
^ N.W. of Calabar, were noted ju-ju towns and have large populations.
.^ The chief ports are Lagos (q.v.
), capital of
.^ More than 50 percent of Nigeria's population works in the agriculture sector.- Culture of Nigeria - traditional, history, people, clothing, traditions, women, beliefs, food, customs, family, social, dress, marriage, men, life, wedding, tribe, population, religion 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.everyculture.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ In view of the approaching unification of Southern and Northern Nigeria, the money needed, about £1,250,000, was raised as a loan by Southern Nigeria.
^ The population of Nigeria is estimated at 15,000,000.
), pop.
about
.^ Old Calabar and Duke Town, on the Calabar river; Opobo, Bonny Town and Brass Town, all on the rivers of the same name.
^ Further west at the Forcados mouth of the Niger is a town of the same name, which is the principal port of entry for the river.
^ Population total all countries: 15,000.- Ethnologue report for Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.ethnologue.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
.^ Brass Town contains a fine church, the gift of a native chief.
^ Native courts were established by warrant at all the chief native towns with varying powers.
.^ These places are east of the Nun or main mouth of the Niger, where, on the western bank, is Akassa.
^ In these circumstances it was judged advisable to place the territories of the Royal Niger Company, to which the general name of Nigeria had been given, under the direct control of the crown.
^ The Benin influence does not seem to have reached east of the Forcados mouth of the Niger.
.^ Here are important engineering works and a slip for repairing ships.
.^ Further west at the Forcados mouth of the Niger is a town of the same name, which is the principal port of entry for the river.
^ The Benin influence does not seem to have reached east of the Forcados mouth of the Niger.
^ NIGERIA, a British protectorate in West Africa occupying the lower basin of the Niger and the country between that river and Lake Chad, including the Fula empire (i.e.
Benin (q.v.), about 60 m. inland from the
mouth of the
.^ Benin river, and Bende, about 50 m.
.^ A large proportion of the population dwells in towns.
^ N.W. of Calabar, were noted ju-ju towns and have large populations.
.^ Wari and Sapele are towns in the Benin district.
.^ Owo, some 50 m.
.^ N. of Benin city, is an important trade centre for the Yoruba country, in which are the large cities of Abeokuta , Ibadan and Illorin, all separately noticed.
^ The bronzework of the ancient cities of Ife and Benin can be found in museums all over the world.- Culture of Nigeria - traditional, history, people, clothing, traditions, women, beliefs, food, customs, family, social, dress, marriage, men, life, wedding, tribe, population, religion 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.everyculture.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ The country to the back of Lagos is largely inhabited by Yorubas , and the people of Borgu according to some native traditions claim to have had a Coptic origin.
.^ On the Niger at the head of the delta are Asaba (west bank) and Onitsha (east bank); Iddah (Ida), in the palm-oil zone; Lokoja on the west bank opposite the confluence with the Benue, and the headquarters of the protectorate's military force; Baro, on the east bank, 70 m.
^ From the edge of the coast belt to near the confluence of the Benue and Niger they are overlain by unfossiliferous sandstones, lying undisturbed and possibly of the age of the sandstones of the Congo basin.
^ Police and the armed forces were instructed to use lethal force against suspected criminals and suspected vandals near oil pipelines in the Niger Delta Region.- Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.state.gov [Source type: Original source]
above
.^ Adamawa state, Numan and Guyuk LGAs; Kaduna state, northeast of Kaduna town; Kogi state, confluence of Benue and Niger rivers.- Ethnologue report for Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.ethnologue.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
The administrative headquarters of Northern Nigeria are at Zungeru,
on the Kaduna river, in 6° 09' 40" E., 9 0 48' 32" N.
.^ Apart from the sea and river ports and the towns in Yorubaland, the chief centres of population are in the open plains east of the Niger.
^ Further west at the Forcados mouth of the Niger is a town of the same name, which is the principal port of entry for the river.
^ Into the huge delta of the Niger several other rivers (the " Oil Rivers ") empty themselves; the chief being, on the west, the Benin , and on the east the Brass .
.^ They are the capitals of various states founded by the Hausa.
.^ Bulletin Régional de suivi des échanges transfrontaliers Academic bulletin, in French, on trade, economic relations between Benin, Cameroun, Chad, Niger, and Nigeria .
^ The first recorded empire in present-day Nigeria was centered in the north at Kanem-Borno, near Lake Chad.- Culture of Nigeria - traditional, history, people, clothing, traditions, women, beliefs, food, customs, family, social, dress, marriage, men, life, wedding, tribe, population, religion 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.everyculture.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ It is bordered on the west by Benin, on the north by Niger and Chad, and on the east by Cameroon.- Culture of Nigeria - traditional, history, people, clothing, traditions, women, beliefs, food, customs, family, social, dress, marriage, men, life, wedding, tribe, population, religion 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.everyculture.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
.^ It is situated in 12° N. and 8° 32' E. Some 220 m.
.^ Further west at the Forcados mouth of the Niger is a town of the same name, which is the principal port of entry for the river.
^ At the same time the decision was taken to continue the Lagos railway till it effected a junction with the Kano line near Zungeru, the Niger being bridged at Jebba.
^ W.N.W. of Kano is Sokoto, on a tributary of the Niger of the same name.
.^ Sokoto is the religious and political centre of the Fula.
.^ Next in importance among the Hausa towns are Bauchi (or Yakoba), pop.
over 50,000, 140
m. S.E. of Kano; Zaria (q.v.), pop.
about 60,000, 82 m. S.S.W. of Kano; Katsena (q.v.), 84 m. N.W.
of Kano; Hadeija, near the N. eastern frontier; Gando, 60 m.
.^ S.W. of Sokoto; Bida , 25 m.
.^ N.W. of Egga on the Niger; and Yola (q.v.
) on the
.^ Benue near the German frontier.
Jegga, 85 m.
.^ S.W. of Sokoto, is an important entrepot for trade from the hinterland of the Guinea coast and the Hausa states.
^ The important Mahommedan states of Sokoto, Gando, Kano and Katsena remained independent.
^ There was also a very considerable caravan trade in native goods which the industrious Hausa population carried for great distances through the western and central states of the Sudan.
.^ The chief towns of Bornu are Kuka on Lake Chad, and Maidugari, some 70 m.
S.W.
of that lake. Most of these towns are capitals of provinces and
residences of native princes subordinate to the British
administration.
.^ For example, though the textile industry is very strong, nearly all the cloth produced in Nigeria goes to clothing the large Nigerian population.- Culture of Nigeria - traditional, history, people, clothing, traditions, women, beliefs, food, customs, family, social, dress, marriage, men, life, wedding, tribe, population, religion 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.everyculture.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
Their interior is divided into a series of
compounds, each entered through a flat-roofed
audience chamber. Inside are the
beehive-shaped huts of the household. The gateways are strongly
fortified.
.^ Ethnic population: 20,000.- Ethnologue report for Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.ethnologue.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Population total all countries: 5,000.- Ethnologue report for Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.ethnologue.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ In many parts of the country, there was no functioning system of bail, so suspects were held in investigative detention for prolonged periods of time.- Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.state.gov [Source type: Original source]
Communications
.^ That way, not only will the issue of constitutionality not arise, it will also mitigate any bias or malafide intentions that may exist between the governor and the 8 legislator who are not in complicity with the governor in his indictment.
^ For example, a tribe's water spirit may have a specific pond or river designated as its holy place.- Culture of Nigeria - traditional, history, people, clothing, traditions, women, beliefs, food, customs, family, social, dress, marriage, men, life, wedding, tribe, population, religion 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.everyculture.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
From the Forcados
mouth of the Niger steamers can ascend the main stream as far as
Jebba, a distance of 530 m. and, at some risk, to Fort Goldie, 30
m. farther up at the foot of the Bussa rapids.
.^ The Niger and Benue Rivers come together in the center of the country, creating a "Y" that splits Nigeria into three separate sections.- Culture of Nigeria - traditional, history, people, clothing, traditions, women, beliefs, food, customs, family, social, dress, marriage, men, life, wedding, tribe, population, religion 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.everyculture.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Adamawa state, Numan and Guyuk LGAs; Kaduna state, northeast of Kaduna town; Kogi state, confluence of Benue and Niger rivers.- Ethnologue report for Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.ethnologue.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Classification : Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Volta-Congo, Benue-Congo, Cross River, Delta Cross, Lower Cross, Obolo, Usaghade More information.- Ethnologue report for Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.ethnologue.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
It is also possible by this route
to proceed by small
boat via the
Shari system to Lake Chad.
.^ Adamawa state, Numan and Guyuk LGAs; Kaduna state, northeast of Kaduna town; Kogi state, confluence of Benue and Niger rivers.- Ethnologue report for Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.ethnologue.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
to Barijuko, which is 22 m. by rail from Zungeru. The
Gongola is navigable at high water for 130 m. from its junction
with the Benue.
In the delta region every place of importance is easily reached
by river steamers, and there is a regular service between Forcados
and Lagos by the lagoons. The Cross river is navigable 240 m. up to
and beyond the frontier of Cameroon.
A 3 ft. 6 in.
gauge railway
from the port of Lagos to Ibadan was completed in 1900, the
distance by rail being 123 m. Only about half that distance
intervenes between Ibadan and the sea. This line was, during
1906-1910, extended via Oshogbo, Illorin and Jebba to Zungeru,
whence it is continued to She, 40 m. E. of Zungeru and about 450 m.
from Lagos, where a junction is effected with the BaroKano line. A
small light surface line 22 m. long, 2 ft. 6 in. gauge was built
(1901-1902)in Northern Nigeria between Barijuko on theKaduna and
the capital, Zungeru, and proved most successful and lucrative. In
1907 the construction was begun of a 3 ft. 6 in. railway from Baro
on the Niger via Bida and Zaria to Kano - a distance of about 400
m.
Good roads connect some of the great Hausa cities, and Kano and
Kuka are starting-points for caravans across the Sahara to the
Mediterranean. There are also old established
caravan routes from Kano to
Ashanti and neighbouring countries.
.^ The country was a destination country for children trafficked for forced labor from other West African countries, primarily Benin.- Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.state.gov [Source type: Original source]
^ [KF] http://www.nigeria-aids.org Nigeria and West African Bush " The function of this website is to inform Nigerians and others about what Nigeria has to offer ecologically, before its all gone.
Other steamers ply between the ports named
(and others in the protectorate) and
London and
Hamburg.
.^ Communal violence between members of the Ogori and Ekpedo ethnic groups in Kogi and Edo states continued over boundary and land disputes.- Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.state.gov [Source type: Original source]
^ KING STREET TINUBU, LAGOS ISLAND, NIGERIA. OTISALES COMMERCAIL CO LTD, Ukiwo Otisi, Benin,West Africa, ukiwo24@yahoo.com .- Interfraud - exposing the British and Irish connection. 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.data-wales.co.uk [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Hyperia - International Network Communication, Africa Limited Nigerian internet service provider in Lagos.
The
natives of the coast region cultivate yams and other
food plants, but in that district agriculture proper scarcely
exists, the fruit of the
oil-palm supplying an easy means of obtaining almost everything
that the natives require. In the plains of the north, inhabited by
Hausa and by agricultural pagan tribes, and in the fertile river
valleys, agriculture is regularly carried on. Rice and wheat
are cultivated in many parts, though the staple food is guinea corn. .^ In the south, crops such as corn, yams, and sweet potatoes form the base of the diet.- Culture of Nigeria - traditional, history, people, clothing, traditions, women, beliefs, food, customs, family, social, dress, marriage, men, life, wedding, tribe, population, religion 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.everyculture.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
Of fruits, dates,
pomegranates, citrons and bananas abound in certain areas. The
shea-butter tree supplies an excellent oil for lamps, and also for
cooking, though it is only used by the poorer classes. The most
important vegetable
products are cotton and indigo, which are universally
grown. Tobacco and kola nuts are also grown.Mineral Products
Tin ore of excellent quality is
found in the province of Bauchi,
alkali salts are abundant in Kano province,
iron ore and red and yellow
ochres are found in
Kontagora and other
provinces,
kaolin (china clay)
and
limestone in the
west central regions.
Silver
and
lead have been found in the
Benue area.' Trade. -
.^ There shall be 768 Local Government Areas in Nigeria as shown in the second column of Part I of the First Schedule to this Constitution and six area councils as shown in Part II of that Schedule.- Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.nigeria-law.org [Source type: Original source]
Its further
development will be fostered by the improvement of communications
which is taking place.
.^ Police and the armed forces were instructed to use lethal force against suspected criminals and suspected vandals near oil pipelines in the Niger Delta Region.- Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.state.gov [Source type: Original source]
^ Multinational oil companies and domestic oil producing companies often hired private security forces and subsidized living expenses for police and soldiers from area units assigned to protect oil facilities in the volatile Niger Delta region.- Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.state.gov [Source type: Original source]
^ Ethnic groups claimed environmental degradation and government indifference to their status in the oil-producing Niger Delta region.- Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.state.gov [Source type: Original source]
Rubber, ebony and other timber,
cocoa and
gum copal, come
next in importance. Cotton is also grown for export.
.^ See also the 2002 Report on Nigeria, in Adobe pdf .
^ Includes the full text of - Slavery Question in Colonial Northern Nigeria, 1900-1906 , by Paul Lovejoy and Jan Hogendorn Robin Law (ed.
^ [KF] http://emeagwali.com/ Energy Information Services Nigeria Produces business intelligence, sells reports on the oil and gas industry and investment opportunities.
59, 67,
68) .
.^ Imprisonment terms range from 12 months to life, while fines range from $375 (50,000 naira) to $1,500 (200,000 naira).- Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.state.gov [Source type: Original source]
.^ Publishing "team with a combined experience of almost 50 years in the book business in Nigeria, the United Kingdom and the United States."
The
value of the trade (imports and exports) of Southern Nigeria
(exclusive of Lagos) increased from £1,566,000 in1894-1895to
£3,464,000 in 1905. In 1906 the total trade, inclusive of Lagos,
was valued at £6,299,000 - imports, £3,148,000; exports,
£3,151,000.
.^ Nigeria is a large-scale importer, depending on other countries for things such as machinery, chemicals, transportation equipment, and manufactured goods.- Culture of Nigeria - traditional, history, people, clothing, traditions, women, beliefs, food, customs, family, social, dress, marriage, men, life, wedding, tribe, population, religion 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.everyculture.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Similarly, ex-head of state, Ibrahim Babangida is a moslem Northerner whose wife, Mariam is from Southeastern Nigeria, and who were both married in a church.
^ A bride price can take the form of money, cattle, wine, or other valuable goods paid to the woman's family, but it also can take a more subtle form.- Culture of Nigeria - traditional, history, people, clothing, traditions, women, beliefs, food, customs, family, social, dress, marriage, men, life, wedding, tribe, population, religion 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.everyculture.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
.^ LTD < smooth_industries@yahoo.com > , Smooth Tradings Industrial Co Ltd, 180 Jubilee Raod Aba Abia State Nigeria.- Interfraud - exposing the British and Irish connection. 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.data-wales.co.uk [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ For example, though the textile industry is very strong, nearly all the cloth produced in Nigeria goes to clothing the large Nigerian population.- Culture of Nigeria - traditional, history, people, clothing, traditions, women, beliefs, food, customs, family, social, dress, marriage, men, life, wedding, tribe, population, religion 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.everyculture.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Its very educative and its great to know that there are sites that provides accurate information about the Nigerian Culture...Keep up the good work.- Culture of Nigeria - traditional, history, people, clothing, traditions, women, beliefs, food, customs, family, social, dress, marriage, men, life, wedding, tribe, population, religion 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.everyculture.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
The principal articles of this
trade are salt, kola nuts,
ivory,
leather,
sodium carbonates and spices. The centre of the
cloth manufacture is Kano. The cloth is made of the cotton grown in
the country, woven on small handlooms and dyed either with indigo
or with a
magenta dye
obtained from the bark of a tree. If the Hausa history, which
exists in written form, be correct, the manufacture of this cloth
has been carried on in Kano since the 9th century. Kano and the
district around it clothes half the population of the Sudan. The
kola
nut, chewed by almost every
native of the country, is brought from west of the Niger, traders
from Ashanti,
Accra and
Yorubaland frequenting the markets of Jegga. Salt and " potash "
are imported from Absen in the Sahara; and ivory, ostrich feathers
and leather goods are exported to Tripoli. The principal exports to
Great
Britain have come
hitherto from the forest regions, and are of the same class as the
forest products of the south. Rubber constitutes at present the
most important export. The cultivation of cotton is however
indigenous to the country.
.^ The educated elite became some of the most outspoken proponents of an independent Nigeria.- Culture of Nigeria - traditional, history, people, clothing, traditions, women, beliefs, food, customs, family, social, dress, marriage, men, life, wedding, tribe, population, religion 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.everyculture.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ The manufacturing industry had its own spate of mismanagement too, which led to many of the multinational firms and foreign partners divesting their interests in Nigeria.
^ The lack of universities providing quality education equal to that in Britain was a major component of the social reforms that led to Nigeria's independence.- Culture of Nigeria - traditional, history, people, clothing, traditions, women, beliefs, food, customs, family, social, dress, marriage, men, life, wedding, tribe, population, religion 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.everyculture.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
.^ It seems Nigeria has taken several steps back and reversed the gains (however contentious) made during the more dynamic Obasanjo regime.
^ [KF] http://emeagwali.com/ Energy Information Services Nigeria Produces business intelligence, sells reports on the oil and gas industry and investment opportunities.
^ It is a shame that a band of bandits who are self-confessed criminals can hold Nigeria and indeed the entire global oil industry to ransom the way these individuals have.
Any great expansion in the cotton trade is however dependent
on the development of cheap and efficient means of transport -
hence the importance, commercially, of the Baro-Kano railway, with
its base on the navigable Niger. With the increase of transport
facilities it is probable that the trade with the Mediterranean
coasts will also be diverted to the south, and profitable minor
branches of trade would be formed in leather, ostrich feathers,
gums,
fibres, &c. The
imports from Great Britain, which come via Forcados, are mostly
cotton goods, provisions and hardware. The importation of spirits
is prohibited north of 7° N.
Currency and Banking
The legal currency, and that in general use, is British
sterling.
.^ My brethren and sisters make no mistake I shall blog as is true to my name until the dawn of time or my last breath whichever comes first.
^ Since this note first appeared the street name has been corrected but there is still no building number (and guys - Berkely Street is not in the W1J postcode area!- Interfraud - exposing the British and Irish connection. 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.data-wales.co.uk [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Each state of Nigeria, named in the first column of Part I of the First Schedule to this Constitution, shall consist of the area shown opposite thereto in the second column of that Schedule.- Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.nigeria-law.org [Source type: Original source]
Cowries (moo =3d.) are still occasionally employed, and on the
coast, accounts are sometimes kept in gallons of palm oil.
.^ Nigeria is in West Africa, along the eastern coast of the Gulf of Guinea, and just north of the equator.- Culture of Nigeria - traditional, history, people, clothing, traditions, women, beliefs, food, customs, family, social, dress, marriage, men, life, wedding, tribe, population, religion 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.everyculture.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ KING STREET TINUBU, LAGOS ISLAND, NIGERIA. OTISALES COMMERCAIL CO LTD, Ukiwo Otisi, Benin,West Africa, ukiwo24@yahoo.com .- Interfraud - exposing the British and Irish connection. 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.data-wales.co.uk [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ [KF] http://www.nigeria.gov.ng/ Nigeria AIDS.org (Lagos, Nigeria) An NGO, covers West Africa as well.
There is also a government savings bank.
History. Of the early history of the races inhabiting
the coast lands little is known.
.^ The National Assembly shall have power to make laws for the Federation or any part thereof with respect to university education, technological education or such professional education as may from time to time be designated by the National Assembly.- Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.nigeria-law.org [Source type: Original source]
^ Along the coast, the Edo people established the Benin Empire (not to be confused with the present-day country of Benin to the west), which reached its height of power in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries.- Culture of Nigeria - traditional, history, people, clothing, traditions, women, beliefs, food, customs, family, social, dress, marriage, men, life, wedding, tribe, population, religion 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.everyculture.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ In the south, the Oyo Empire grew to become the most powerful Yoruban society during the sixteenth century.- Culture of Nigeria - traditional, history, people, clothing, traditions, women, beliefs, food, customs, family, social, dress, marriage, men, life, wedding, tribe, population, religion 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.everyculture.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
.^ It is bordered on the west by Benin, on the north by Niger and Chad, and on the east by Cameroon.- Culture of Nigeria - traditional, history, people, clothing, traditions, women, beliefs, food, customs, family, social, dress, marriage, men, life, wedding, tribe, population, religion 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.everyculture.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ He does not seem to have a grasp of the problem facing the Niger Delta.
.^ Without security, no one, expatriate or indigenous, would feel safe to conduct business in the Niger Delta; without economic activities, there will be poverty, illiteracy, diseases, socio-cultural decay and increased crime rate.
^ In many parts of the country, there was no functioning system of bail, so suspects were held in investigative detention for prolonged periods of time.- Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.state.gov [Source type: Original source]
^ The Kalabari, Okrika, and Ikwerre tribes of the Niger Delta region all have festivals in honor of water spirits sacred to their peoples.- Culture of Nigeria - traditional, history, people, clothing, traditions, women, beliefs, food, customs, family, social, dress, marriage, men, life, wedding, tribe, population, religion 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.everyculture.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
.^ These environmental regions greatly affect the cultures of the people who live there.- Culture of Nigeria - traditional, history, people, clothing, traditions, women, beliefs, food, customs, family, social, dress, marriage, men, life, wedding, tribe, population, religion 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.everyculture.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ These businesses account for 70 to 80 percent of employment here, but we can do much more: if you look at Sweden and other European countries, the export capability of these enterprises is much higher.
^ Lesser allegations than these have been known to end people’s pol itical careers in more developed societies.
.^ There were no reports of political prisoners.- Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.state.gov [Source type: Original source]
^ He has also cultivated a grassroots and populist following and so belongs to that rare breed of Nigerian political elites who enjoy the sincere patronage and trust of the common-folk.
^ There is a common feeling in many rural areas that the average person cannot affect the politics of the country, so there is no reason to try.- Culture of Nigeria - traditional, history, people, clothing, traditions, women, beliefs, food, customs, family, social, dress, marriage, men, life, wedding, tribe, population, religion 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.everyculture.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
.^ River Niger and its affluents and on any such other inland waterway as may be designated by the National Assembly to be an international waterway or to be an inter-State waterway; .- Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.nigeria-law.org [Source type: Original source]
But
the principal trade of all Europeans was still in slaves.
.^ Police and the armed forces were instructed to use lethal force against suspected criminals and suspected vandals near oil pipelines in the Niger Delta Region.- Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.state.gov [Source type: Original source]
^ While oil is Nigeria's largest industry in terms of output and revenue, oil reserves are found only in the Niger Delta region and along the coast.- Culture of Nigeria - traditional, history, people, clothing, traditions, women, beliefs, food, customs, family, social, dress, marriage, men, life, wedding, tribe, population, religion 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.everyculture.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
The opening up of the interior
was in the meantime promoted, chiefly by the efforts of British
travellers and merchants.
Mungo Park traced the Niger from Segu to
Bussa, where he lost his life in 1805. From Bussa to the sea the
course of the river was first made known in 1830 by the [brothers
Richard and John Lander.
.^ Northern Mandaras Site for ethnographers, on the northern Mandara mountains of North Cameroon and North East Nigeria .
Clapperton in 1826-1827 made a second journey, approaching the same
territory from the Guinea coast.
.^ The Government's human rights record remained poor, and the Government continued to commit serious abuses.- Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.state.gov [Source type: Original source]
^ International broadcasting, principally Voice of America and British Broadcasting Corporation, as well as Deutsche Welle and others, broadcast in English and Hausa and were an important source of news in the country.- Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.state.gov [Source type: Original source]
^ In most sectors, the minimum work age is 15 years, which is consistent with the age for completing educational requirements; however, child labor remained a problem.- Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.state.gov [Source type: Original source]
.^ The Niger and Benue Rivers come together in the center of the country, creating a "Y" that splits Nigeria into three separate sections.- Culture of Nigeria - traditional, history, people, clothing, traditions, women, beliefs, food, customs, family, social, dress, marriage, men, life, wedding, tribe, population, religion 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.everyculture.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Adamawa state, Numan and Guyuk LGAs; Kaduna state, northeast of Kaduna town; Kogi state, confluence of Benue and Niger rivers.- Ethnologue report for Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.ethnologue.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Classification : Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Volta-Congo, Benue-Congo, Cross River, Delta Cross, Lower Cross, Obolo, Enwang-Uda More information.- Ethnologue report for Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.ethnologue.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
.^ The next five years saw violent protests and mass migrations as ethnic groups again retreated to their traditional homelands.- Culture of Nigeria - traditional, history, people, clothing, traditions, women, beliefs, food, customs, family, social, dress, marriage, men, life, wedding, tribe, population, religion 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.everyculture.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Though there is archaeological evidence that societies have been living in Nigeria for more than twenty-five hundred years, the borders of modern Nigeria were not created until the British consolidated their colonial power over the area in 1914.- Culture of Nigeria - traditional, history, people, clothing, traditions, women, beliefs, food, customs, family, social, dress, marriage, men, life, wedding, tribe, population, religion 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.everyculture.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Nigeria continuously for a period of twelve months, and during the period of twenty years immediately preceding that period of twelve months has resided in Nigeria for periods amounting in the aggregate to not less than fifteen years.- Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.nigeria-law.org [Source type: Original source]
Possession was also
taken, in 1861, of Lagos island, with the object of checking the
slave trade still being carried on in that region.
.^ This culture spilled over to the first term of the Obasanjo presidency, when we saw various government officials continuing to illicitly enrich themselves through acts of graft.
^ The recommendations of the 1993 Esho Panel, set up to investigate corruption in the judiciary, called for the "withdrawal" of 47 judicial officials.- Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.state.gov [Source type: Original source]
^ By 1861 the British government had annexed the city and established its first official colony in Nigeria.- Culture of Nigeria - traditional, history, people, clothing, traditions, women, beliefs, food, customs, family, social, dress, marriage, men, life, wedding, tribe, population, religion 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.everyculture.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
.^ After more than 350 years of slave trading, the British decided that the slave trade was immoral and, in 1807, ordered it stopped.- Culture of Nigeria - traditional, history, people, clothing, traditions, women, beliefs, food, customs, family, social, dress, marriage, men, life, wedding, tribe, population, religion 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.everyculture.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
.^ We also signed two additional free-trade agreements with Colombia and Peru and opened negotiations with Malaysia.
^ Bulletin Régional de suivi des échanges transfrontaliers Academic bulletin, in French, on trade, economic relations between Benin, Cameroun, Chad, Niger, and Nigeria .
^ The law provides for the granting of asylum and refugee status to persons in accordance with the 1951 U.N. Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees or its 1967 Protocol, and the Government has established such a system for providing protection to refugees.- Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.state.gov [Source type: Original source]
The
establishment of these firms was admittedly a political move which
coincided with the extension of French influence from Senegal into
the interior. Nearly at the same time a young Englishman,
George
Goldie-Taubman, afterwards better known as Sir George Goldie
(q.v.), having some private interests on the Niger, conceived the
idea of amalgamating all local British interests and creating ' a
British province on the Niger.
.^ Reporting a 2007 fraud attempt to us, a European firm wrote "For our company the African continent is dead.- Interfraud - exposing the British and Irish connection. 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.data-wales.co.uk [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
.^ They have been known to manufacture exit problems so that the mark can be pressured to hand over money as a condition of being allowed to leave Nigeria.- Interfraud - exposing the British and Irish connection. 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.data-wales.co.uk [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Multinational oil companies and domestic oil producing companies often hired private security forces and subsidized living expenses for police and soldiers from area units assigned to protect oil facilities in the volatile Niger Delta region.- Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.state.gov [Source type: Original source]
^ Granted, there are grave environmental issues and injustice meted out to the indigenes of the Niger Delta, but these Nihilist militants it seems perpetrate their nefarious acts with self-serving intent as is evident in the many ransoms they demand of the government and oil companies in exchange for their staff abducted by these militants.
.^ Nigeria is in West Africa, along the eastern coast of the Gulf of Guinea, and just north of the equator.- Culture of Nigeria - traditional, history, people, clothing, traditions, women, beliefs, food, customs, family, social, dress, marriage, men, life, wedding, tribe, population, religion 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.everyculture.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ By 1861 the British government had annexed the city and established its first official colony in Nigeria.- Culture of Nigeria - traditional, history, people, clothing, traditions, women, beliefs, food, customs, family, social, dress, marriage, men, life, wedding, tribe, population, religion 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.everyculture.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ It seems as if Yar'Adua is only in the news when he goes to Germany or the Middle East for a medical checkup or vacation.
.^ Some notes on current fraud techniques follow but check the linked pages for more detail on the false names, company titles and methods used by the criminals: .- Interfraud - exposing the British and Irish connection. 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.data-wales.co.uk [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
.^ Nigeria, Cameroon, Niger, and Chad also have a long-running border dispute over territory in the Lake Chad region, which also has led to some fighting across the borders.- Culture of Nigeria - traditional, history, people, clothing, traditions, women, beliefs, food, customs, family, social, dress, marriage, men, life, wedding, tribe, population, religion 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.everyculture.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
On the coast they extended from
the Forcados to the .Nun mouth of the river. Beyond the confluence
European trade had not at that time penetrated to the interior.
.
.^ In 1884, as European countries engaged in a race to consolidate their African territories, the British Army and local merchant militias set out to conquer the Africans who refused to recognize British rule.- Culture of Nigeria - traditional, history, people, clothing, traditions, women, beliefs, food, customs, family, social, dress, marriage, men, life, wedding, tribe, population, religion 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.everyculture.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ The President may, in exercise of the powers conferred upon him by section 147 of this Constitution, appoint for the Federal Capital Territory, Abuja a Minister who shall exercise such powers and perform such functions as may be delegated to him by the President, from time to time.- Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.nigeria-law.org [Source type: Original source]
.^ But perhaps for some political reasons, and maybe out of respect for the sovereignty of the Federal Republic of Nigeria, the British and Americans have opted to stand down for now.
^ State broadcasters and journalists remained important tools for governors; these officials used the state-owned media to showcase the state's accomplishments and to promote their own political goals.- Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.state.gov [Source type: Original source]
^ The most tendered reservation people have of the commission is that it has gone after some highly placed members of the society, and that these folks do not deserve to be investigated and interrogated.
.^ Ibibio [ ibb ] east and northeast, Ogoni [ ogo ] northwest, Ibani [ iby ] west, Atlantic Ocean south.- Ethnologue report for Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.ethnologue.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ It is bordered on the west by Benin, on the north by Niger and Chad, and on the east by Cameroon.- Culture of Nigeria - traditional, history, people, clothing, traditions, women, beliefs, food, customs, family, social, dress, marriage, men, life, wedding, tribe, population, religion 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.everyculture.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ South Kebbi state, Yauri LGA; west Niger state, Borgu LGA; banks of Niger River, north of Busa.- Ethnologue report for Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.ethnologue.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
.^ In northern Nigeria many people who are not ethnic Hausas speak both Hausa and their own tribal language.- Culture of Nigeria - traditional, history, people, clothing, traditions, women, beliefs, food, customs, family, social, dress, marriage, men, life, wedding, tribe, population, religion 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.everyculture.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ It is highly likely to lead to violent and prolonged civil strife between those for and against the bid, in which several tens of thousands, possibly hundreds of thousands, of Nigerians would lose their lives and many more their livelihood and homes.
^ On British colonial policy re northern Nigeria, Islam, the Fulani, Christian missionaries.
.^ Bulletin Régional de suivi des échanges transfrontaliers Academic bulletin, in French, on trade, economic relations between Benin, Cameroun, Chad, Niger, and Nigeria .
.^ Essential Action - Boycott Shell About Shell and other oil companies operating in the Niger Delta.
^ The tussle to control the vast wealth that spews from beneath the mangroves of the Niger Delta and surrounding territorial waters has been central to all the conflicts that have befallen the country.
In 1897, at a time when disputes
with France upon the western frontier had reached a very active
stage, the company entered upon a' campaign against the Mahommedan
sovereign of
Nupe.
.^ No doubt, all the ardent Obasanjo men and apologists would be relieved of their positions, shooed from the Rock and replaced with the new president’s men and apologists.
^ Those interests may well be stability in Africa among others and the Obama administration, no doubt, would do anything in its power to achieve this if the American pe ople so desire it.
.^ A well-trained, adequately-kited and properly equipped force of 7,500 to 10,000 troops should be able to secure the Niger Delta.
^ Some companies did not divest their interests; instead they fired erring key officers.
The capital town of Bida was taken and
the emir deposed. From Bida the expedition marched to Illorin,
where again the whole district submitted to the authority of the
company. In Illorin the campaign had some lasting effect. In Nupe,
on the northern side of the river, as the company was unable to
occupy the territory conquered, things shortly reverted to their
previous condition. When the company's troops were withdrawn the
deposed emir returned and reoccupied the throne, leaving the
situation to be dealt with after the territories of the company had
been transferred to the
crown.
The complications to which the pressure of foreign nations, and
especially of France, on the frontiers of the territories gave
rise, became at this period so acute that the resources of a
private company were manifestly inadequate to meet the possible
necessities of the
to position, Relations with.
.^ The country was a destination country for children trafficked for forced labor from other West African countries, primarily Benin.- Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.state.gov [Source type: Original source]
^ Obama just happens to be an African American who was elected to be the President of the United States of America come , January 20, 2009.
^ Yes indeed Africans are ecstatic at Mr. Obama’s election and even more vociferous about this are all the despotic and corrupt misanthropes in government all throughout the African continent (except perhaps Mr. Mugabe who hates everything western).
.^ [KF] http://www.shellnigeria.com Shell - Royal Dutch Shell Group of Companies Their 2003 Report notes "In Nigeria’s Niger Delta, well-organised armed gangs continued to steal crude oil.
^ The activities of these criminal gangs from the Niger Delta have spread to other cities in Nigeria including the Federal Capital Territory, Abuja, where they have brazenly operated with impunity.
^ In the exercise of his functions under this Constitution, the Auditor-General for a State shall not be subject to the direction or control of any other authority or person.- Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.nigeria-law.org [Source type: Original source]
.^ In November, a Shari'a appeals court overturned the conviction and sentence, ruling that she had never consummated an arranged marriage, and therefore should never have been charged with adultery.- Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.state.gov [Source type: Original source]
The
transfer took place on the 1st of January 1900, from which date the
company, which dropped the name of " royal," became a purely
trading corporation.
.^ The activities of these criminal gangs from the Niger Delta have spread to other cities in Nigeria including the Federal Capital Territory, Abuja, where they have brazenly operated with impunity.
^ He is said to have proclaimed that the oil reservoirs in the Niger-Delta are fed by underground tributaries with sources in North Africa, and that if Northern Nigerians were greedy that they could stanch this flow since the tributaries run through the Northern part Nigeria as they course southward to fill the reservoirs in the Niger-Delta.
^ Niger state, Rafi LGA, Gumna and Tegina districts, between Kusheriki (north), Zungeru (south), and road southwest, with center in Sabon Gari Pangu.- Ethnologue report for Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.ethnologue.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
.^ In this section, a " period of emergency" means any period during which there is in force a Proclamation of a state of emergency declared by the President in exercise of the powers conferred on him under section 305 of this Constitution.- Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.nigeria-law.org [Source type: Original source]
^ By May 1999, when the Obasanjo administration came into power there was hardly any indicted manager of the failed banks under investigation despite the fact that several tens of thousands of Nigerians had lost huge fortunes in the failed banks.
^ Senior staffers are not permitted to join NLC-affiliated unions and were organized under the confederation Trade Union Congress (TUC), which was not registered with the Government.- Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.state.gov [Source type: Original source]
was placed a
European
agent. The executive
powers in Africa, were entrusted to an
agent general with three provincial. and
twelve district superintendents.
.^ There shall be an Attorney-General of the Federation who shall be the Chief Law Officer of the Federation and a Minister of the Government of the Federation.- Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.nigeria-law.org [Source type: Original source]
^ That however does not render them untouchable or immune to investigation to the extent that there are questions about their conducts in business and as high level officers of the Federal Government of Nigeria.
^ "Judicial office" means the office of Chief Justice of Nigeria or a Justice of the Supreme Court, the President or Justice of the Court of Appeal, the office of the Chief Judge or a Judge of the Federal High Court, the office of the Chief Judge or Judge of the High Court of the Federal Capital Territory, Abuja, the office of the Chief Judge of a State and Judge of the High Court of a State, a Grand Kadi or Kadi of the Sharia Court of Appeal of the Federal Capital Territory, Abuja, a President or Judge of the Customary Court of Appeal; of the Federal Capital Territory, Abuja, a Grand Kadi or Kadi of the Sharia Court of Appeal of a State; and a reference to a "judicial officer" is a reference to the holder of any such office; .- Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.nigeria-law.org [Source type: Original source]
The company kept also upon the river a fleet. of about
XIX. 22.
thirty steamers.
.^ The Federal Capital Territory, Abuja shall comprise six area councils and the administrative and political structure thereof shall be as provided by an Act of the National Assembly.- Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.nigeria-law.org [Source type: Original source]
^ The law applies to legal foreign workers; however, not all multinational companies respected these laws in practice.- Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.state.gov [Source type: Original source]
The local
work of the representatives of the company was mainly commercial.
When, on the surrender of the charter, Sir George Goldie withdrew
from the company, the administrative element disappeared. No
administrative records were handed over, and very little machinery
remained. Two enactments, however, bore testimony to the
legislation of the company. *One, which by force of circumstances
remained inoperative, was the abolition of the legal status of
slavery, proclaimed in the year of Queen Victoria's
jubilee (1897). The other, more
practical, which has remained in operation to the present day,
confirmed and enforced by the succeeding administration, was the
absolute
prohibition
of the trade in spirits beyond the parallel of 7° N.
.^ In the exercise of his functions under this Constitution, the Auditor-General for a State shall not be subject to the direction or control of any other authority or person.- Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.nigeria-law.org [Source type: Original source]
^ Judicial Commission of Inquiry or an Administrative Panel of Inquiry or a Tribunal set up under the Tribunals of Inquiry Act, a Tribunals of Inquiry Law or any other law by the Federal and State Government which indictment has been accepted by the Federal or State Government, respectively; or .- Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.nigeria-law.org [Source type: Original source]
^ The tussle to control the vast wealth that spews from beneath the mangroves of the Niger Delta and surrounding territorial waters has been central to all the conflicts that have befallen the country.
.^ The Bureau shall establish such offices in each state of the Federation as it may require for the discharge of its functions under this Constitution.- Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.nigeria-law.org [Source type: Original source]
^ State were references to the persons, offices and authorities of the Federation with like status, designations and powers, respectively; and in particular, as if references to the Attorney-General, Commissioners and the Auditor-General for a State were references to the Attorney-General, Ministers and the Auditor-General of the Federation with like status, designations and powers.- Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.nigeria-law.org [Source type: Original source]
^ A person who is a member of any of the bodies established as aforesaid shall, subject to the provisions of this Part, remain a member thereof - .- Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.nigeria-law.org [Source type: Original source]
.^ Under the pretext of routing out criminal elements, this vigilante group was involved in extortion, torture, extra judiciary killings and various other atrocities.
.^ An appointment to any of the offices aforesaid shall be deemed to have been made where no return has been received from the Senate within twenty-one working days of the receipt of nomination by the Senate.- Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.nigeria-law.org [Source type: Original source]
^ There were no laws that require accessibility to buildings or public transportation for persons with disabilities, and the Government did not formulate any policy specifically ensuring the right of persons with disabilities to work.- Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.state.gov [Source type: Original source]
.^ Under the pretext of routing out criminal elements, this vigilante group was involved in extortion, torture, extra judiciary killings and various other atrocities.
^ Anarchy will prevail; lawlessness, mayhem, gang wars and terrorism will be the order of the day, making the region ungovernable.
The most serious
military operations were against the Beni, a peaceful mission to
the king of Benin having been massacred in the
bush in January 1897. The operations were
completely successful and the Benin country was added to the
protectorate (see
Benin).
.^ Niger state, Mariga, Gbako, Agaie, and Lapai LGAs; Kwara state, Edu LGA; Kogi state, Kogi LGA; Federal Capital Territory.- Ethnologue report for Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.ethnologue.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Niger state, Rafi, Chanchaga, Shiroro, Suleija LGAs; Kaduna state, Kachia LGA; Nassarawa state, Keffi, Nasarawa LGAs; Federal Capital Territory.- Ethnologue report for Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.ethnologue.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Niger state, Suleija LGA; Federal Capital Territory; Kaduna state, Kachia LGA; Nassarawa state, Keffi, Lafia, Nasarawa, and Akwanga LGAs.- Ethnologue report for Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.ethnologue.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
.^ A Commissioner of the Government of a State shall attend the House of Assembly of the State if invited to explain to the House of Assembly the conduct of his Ministry, and in particular when the affairs of that Ministry are under discussion.- Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.nigeria-law.org [Source type: Original source]
.^ The case in which the Center for Law Enforcement Education (CLEEN) sued the Government over the 2002 seizure of its human rights report had not been heard by year's end.- Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.state.gov [Source type: Original source]
Trade steadily developed, and owing to the large sums paid
as duty on imported spirits, the revenue of the protectorate was
sufficient to cover the expenditure.
.^ The resignation of any person from any office established by this Constitution shall take effect when the writing signifying the resignation is received by the authority or person to whom it is addressed or by any person authorised by that authority or person to receive it.- Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.nigeria-law.org [Source type: Original source]
.^ The country was a destination country for children trafficked for forced labor from other West African countries, primarily Benin.- Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.state.gov [Source type: Original source]
.^ There shall be 768 Local Government Areas in Nigeria as shown in the second column of Part I of the First Schedule to this Constitution and six area councils as shown in Part II of that Schedule.- Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.nigeria-law.org [Source type: Original source]
^ Includes the full text of - Slavery Question in Colonial Northern Nigeria, 1900-1906 , by Paul Lovejoy and Jan Hogendorn Robin Law (ed.
^ The functions to be conferred by Law upon local government council shall include those set out in the Fourth Schedule to this Constitution.- Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.nigeria-law.org [Source type: Original source]
.^ Judicial Commission of Inquiry or an Administrative Panel of Inquiry or a Tribunal set up under the Tribunals of Inquiry Act, a Tribunals of Inquiry Law or any other law by the Federal or State Government which indictment has been accepted by the Federal or State Government; or .- Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.nigeria-law.org [Source type: Original source]
^ Judicial Commission of Inquiry or an Administrative Panel of Inquiry or a Tribunal set up under the Tribunals of Inquiry Act, a Tribunals of Inquiry Law or any other law by the Federal and State Government which indictment has been accepted by the Federal or State Government, respectively; or .- Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.nigeria-law.org [Source type: Original source]
^ Judicial Commission of Inquiry or an Administrative Panel of Inquiry or a Tribunal set up under the Tribunals of Inquiry Act, a Tribunals of Inquiry Law or any other law by the Federal or State Government which indictment has been accepted by the Federal or State Government, respectively; or .- Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.nigeria-law.org [Source type: Original source]
.^ The country was a destination country for children trafficked for forced labor from other West African countries, primarily Benin.- Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.state.gov [Source type: Original source]
^ Madison is the author of the book, Night Studies: Stories of a Life in a West African Village.
^ With the West African Frontier Force , in Southern Nigeria.
Neither Jebba
nor Lokoja was considered suitable for the permanent capital of the
protectorate, and survey parties were sent out, with strict orders
to avoid conflict with the nominally friendly natives, to find a
more suitable site.
.^ Cross River state, Ogoja LGA. Alternate names : Ketuen, Western Mbube.- Ethnologue report for Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.ethnologue.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
The ruler
of Zaria, while professing friendliness, was, however, unable or
unwilling to restrain the rulers of Kontagora and Nupe from
aggression. These two potentates raided for slaves to the borders
of the rivers and openly threatened the British position on the
Niger.
.^ The country was a destination country for children trafficked for forced labor from other West African countries, primarily Benin.- Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.state.gov [Source type: Original source]
In that year both provinces were
subdued, their emirs deposed, and letters of appointment given to
new emirs, who undertook to rule in accordance with the
requirements of humanity, to abolish slave-raiding and slave
dealing, and to acknowledge the
sovereignty of Great Britain. Illorin and
Borgu with a portion of Kabba were already under British rule.
.^ The 2003 prosecution of the former Labor Minister and other senior government officials on corruption charges had not been completed by year's end.- Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.state.gov [Source type: Original source]
^ Classification : Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Volta-Congo, Benue-Congo, Cross River, Delta Cross, Lower Cross, Obolo, Usaghade More information.- Ethnologue report for Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.ethnologue.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Classification : Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Volta-Congo, Benue-Congo, Cross River, Delta Cross, Lower Cross, Obolo, Ilue More information.- Ethnologue report for Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.ethnologue.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
.^ In both common law and Shari'a courts, indigent persons without legal representation were more likely to have their sentences carried out immediately upon being sentenced, although all accused persons have the right to appeal.- Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.state.gov [Source type: Original source]
^ These sentences were usually carried out immediately, while all sentences involving mutilation or death allow 30 days for appeal.- Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.state.gov [Source type: Original source]
^ The tussle to control the vast wealth that spews from beneath the mangroves of the Niger Delta and surrounding territorial waters has been central to all the conflicts that have befallen the country.
For all these territories an initial
system of administration was organized, and British residents were
appointed to each province.
.^ The appointment of a person to the office of a Justice of the Supreme Court shall be made by the President on the National Judicial Council subject to confirmation of such appointment by the senate.- Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.nigeria-law.org [Source type: Original source]
^ Justice of the Supreme Court who shall be the Deputy Chairman; .- Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.nigeria-law.org [Source type: Original source]
^ A person shall not be qualified to hold the office of Chief Justice of Nigeria or a Justice of the Supreme Court, unless he is qualified to practice as a legal practitioner in Nigeria and has been so qualified for a period of not less than fifteen years.- Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.nigeria-law.org [Source type: Original source]
In the
autumn of 1901 the emir of Yola, the extreme eastern corner of the
territories bordering upon the Benue, was, in consequence of the
aggressions upon a trading station established by the Niger
Company, dealt with in the same manner as the emirs of Nupe and
Kontagora, and a new emir was appointed under British rule. In 1902
Bauchi and Bornu were brought under British rule. In Bauchi the
emir was deposed and a new emir was appointed.
.^ Judicial Commission of Inquiry or an Administrative Panel of Inquiry or a Tribunal set up under the Tribunals of Inquiry Act, a Tribunals of Inquiry Law or any other law by the Federal or State Government which indictment has been accepted by the Federal or State Government, respectively; or .- Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.nigeria-law.org [Source type: Original source]
^ Judicial Commission of Inquiry or an Administrative Panel of Inquiry or a Tribunal set up under the Tribunals of Inquiry Act, a Tribunals of Inquiry Law or any other law by the Federal or State Government which indictment has been accepted by the Federal or State Governments respectively; or.- Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.nigeria-law.org [Source type: Original source]
^ Judicial Commission of Inquiry or an Administrative Panel of Inquiry or a Tribunal set up under the Tribunals of Inquiry Act, a Tribunals of Inquiry Law or any other law by the Federal or State Government which indictment has been accepted by the Federal or State Government; or .- Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.nigeria-law.org [Source type: Original source]
Military stations were
established in Bornu and in Bauchi, and both provinces were
included in the system of British administration. Later in the same
year an act of treachery culminating in the
murder of a British resident, Captain Moloney,
in the province of
Nassarawa, led to the military subjugation of
that province.
.^ Kano-Katsina, Kano, Katsina, Zaria, Jos Plateau and southeast to Bauchi, Gombe is center; Bororro in Bornu state, Maiduguri is center; Sokoto in Sokoto state.- Ethnologue report for Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.ethnologue.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
The emir of Zaria
was found to be in treasonable correspondence with the emir of
Kano. It was thought desirable to
arrest and dethrone him, and his
prime minister
was temporarily appointed to administer the province under British
protection. To all these provinces British residents were
appointed, and British legislative enactments became applicable to
them all.
.^ Akoko-Edo, Egor, Esan Central, Esan North East, Esan South East, Esan West, Etsako Central, Etsako East, Etsako West, Igueben, Ikpoba-Okha, Oredo, Orhionmwon, Ovia North East, Ovia South West, Owan East, Owan West, Uhunmwonde.- Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.nigeria-law.org [Source type: Original source]
.^ Ismaila Gwarzo, national security advisor to former President Abacha, remained restricted to his hometown in Kano State at year's end.- Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.state.gov [Source type: Original source]
^ State broadcasters and journalists remained important tools for governors; these officials used the state-owned media to showcase the state's accomplishments and to promote their own political goals.- Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.state.gov [Source type: Original source]
^ Kano-Katsina, Kano, Katsina, Zaria, Jos Plateau and southeast to Bauchi, Gombe is center; Bororro in Bornu state, Maiduguri is center; Sokoto in Sokoto state.- Ethnologue report for Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.ethnologue.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
These states
were regarded as the stronghold of Fula supremacy.
.^ State, except as may be required for the due discharge of my duties as Governor; and that I will devote myself to the service and well-being of the people of Nigeria.- Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.nigeria-law.org [Source type: Original source]
^ There have been 12 elections in the past year, all of them democratic, which represents a wonderful success and development of the regional political system.
^ State governments continued to restrict academic freedom by controlling curriculum at all levels including mandating religious instruction.- Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.state.gov [Source type: Original source]
Katsena was the centre of local learning, while
Kano was at once the commercial and the military centre of power.
By the end of 1902 it had become evident that a trial of strength
between the Mahommedan powers and the new British administration
was inevitable. The Mahommedan rulers were themselves of
comparatively recent date.
.^ In many parts of the country, there was no functioning system of bail, so suspects were held in investigative detention for prolonged periods of time.- Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.state.gov [Source type: Original source]
^ Unlike in previous years, there were no reports that activists and Abacha regime opponents were questioned upon entry or exit to the country at Murtala Mohammed International Airport in Lagos.- Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.state.gov [Source type: Original source]
^ There is no question also that Abacha, Mobutu and Idi-Amin likewise were bad leaders who left indelible negative memories in societies which they led.
.^ These tribalist and sectional groups are regressive and should be eschewed by all progressive Nigerians who would like to see a truly democratic Nigeria where truth and justice are equitably applied.
^ Many politicians take advantage of the low level of enlightenment and abject poverty that still prevails in Nigeria to manipulate people to achieve their dubious ends.
^ All progressive peoples of the world would agree that this is a regressive and tribalistic approach to democracy.
.^ January, 1966 for determining any issue or question as to the competence of any authority or person to make any such law.- Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.nigeria-law.org [Source type: Original source]
The capital of Kano, a walled and fortified town of
great extent and formidable strength, fell to a British
assault in February of 1903.
Sokoto submitted after a battle which took place on the 17th of
May.
.^ National Assembly may, subject to such conditions as it may prescribe, provide that the collection of any such tax or duty or the administration of the law imposing it shall be carried out by the Government of a State or other authority of a State.- Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.nigeria-law.org [Source type: Original source]
^ A House of Assembly may, subject to such conditions as it may prescribe, make provisions for the collection of any tax, fee or rate or for the administration of the Law providing for such collection by a local government council.- Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.nigeria-law.org [Source type: Original source]
.^ Other states with Shari'a law permitted Muslims to choose common law courts for criminal cases; however, societal pressure forced most Muslims to use the Shari'a court system.- Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.state.gov [Source type: Original source]
^ Nigeria other than a court-martial in respect of any offence created by or under any law of the House of Assembly; .- Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.nigeria-law.org [Source type: Original source]
^ An experienced British businessman offers the following advice: "Your Readers I think should be made aware more strongly that charge back exists, as I am not sure that many do understand that a credit card payment offers no security at all, and that as well as losing the goods they have to pay charge back fees.- Interfraud - exposing the British and Irish connection. 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.data-wales.co.uk [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
When
these conditions were accepted by the Fulani chiefs the supremacy
of Great Britain was established over the entire country. Katsena
and Gando followed the example set to them by Kano and Sokoto.
.^ In exercising his powers of appointment under this section, the President shall have regard to the federal character of Nigeria and the need to promote national unity.- Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.nigeria-law.org [Source type: Original source]
^ The appointment of a person to the office of Chief Justice of Nigeria shall be made by the President on the recommendation of the National Judicial Council subject to confirmation of such appointment by the Senate.- Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.nigeria-law.org [Source type: Original source]
^ Appointment of Chief justices of Nigeria and justices of the Supreme Court .- Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.nigeria-law.org [Source type: Original source]
.^ Chief Judge and Judges of the High Court of a State were references to the Chief Judge and Judges of the High Court, which is established for the Federal Capital Territory, Abuja by the provisions of this Constitution; and .- Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.nigeria-law.org [Source type: Original source]
^ Subject to the provisions of any Act of the National Assembly, the Chief Justice of Nigeria may make rules for regulating the practice and procedure of the Supreme Court.- Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.nigeria-law.org [Source type: Original source]
^ House of Assembly, the Governor of a State and in the courts of a State shall, respectively, vest in the National Assembly, the President of the Federation and in the courts which by virtue of the foregoing provisions are courts established for the Federal Capital Territory, Abuja; .- Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.nigeria-law.org [Source type: Original source]
The following account of the legislation carried into force up
to 1907 shows in effect what was done in that direction.
.^ Similarly, ex-head of state, Ibrahim Babangida is a moslem Northerner whose wife, Mariam is from Southeastern Nigeria, and who were both married in a church.
^ Hausa Bakwai "News worthy events from Northern Nigeria collected from various Nigerian sources sent by e-mail.
^ Southern states; northern states in Sabon Garis; coastal and urban areas.- Ethnologue report for Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.ethnologue.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
.^ Based in the U.K. http://www.afbis.com Africa Leadership Forum The Africa Leadership Forum was set up in 1988 at the initiative of General Olusegun Obasanjo,....
^ The functions to be conferred by Law upon local government council shall include those set out in the Fourth Schedule to this Constitution.- Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.nigeria-law.org [Source type: Original source]
^ Notwithstanding subsection (1) of this section, the National Assembly may by law make provisions conferring upon the Federal high Court powers additional to those conferred by this section as may appear necessary or desirable for enabling the Court more effectively to exercise its jurisdiction.- Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.nigeria-law.org [Source type: Original source]
Courts of Law and Administration of Justice
.^ Universal Basic Education Commission Nigerian government commission concerned with formal education up to age 15, adult and non-formal education .
^ Universal Basic Education Commission Nigerian government commission concerned with formal education up to age 15, adult and non-formal education.
^ Judicial Commission of Inquiry or an Administrative Panel of Inquiry or a Tribunal set up under the Tribunals of Inquiry Act, a Tribunals of Inquiry Law or any other law by the Federal and State Government which indictment has been accepted by the Federal or State Government, respectively; or .- Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.nigeria-law.org [Source type: Original source]
Its jurisdiction over natives
was limited to the two centres of administration named "
cantonments," and to such neighbouring territories as might be
included by regulation within a feasible distance of those centres.
It could, however, try any case in any province by special
warrant of the high
commissioner.
.^ Even though Ribadu was an Assistant Commissioner of Police when he assumed office, his EFCC activities were reported directly to the presidency and not the Inspector General of Police.
.^ Appeals as of rights from the Federal high Court or a High Court.- Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.nigeria-law.org [Source type: Original source]
^ Federal High Court or High Court or the Court of Appeal at the instance of any other person having an interest in the matter, and in the case of criminal proceedings at the instance of an accused person or, subject to the provisions of this Constitution and any powers conferred upon the Attorney-General of the Federation or the Attorney-General of a state to take over and continue or to discontinue such proceedings, at the instance of such other authorities or persons as may be prescribed; .- Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.nigeria-law.org [Source type: Original source]
^ Nigeria in execution of the sentence of a court of law in respect of a criminal offence of which he has been found guilty: .- Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.nigeria-law.org [Source type: Original source]
.^ The Labor Minister could refer unresolved disputes to the Industrial Arbitration Panel (IAP) and the National Industrial Court (NIC).- Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.state.gov [Source type: Original source]
^ Because no applicable case has been appealed to the federal level, federal appellate courts have yet to decide whether such punishments violate the Constitution (see Section 1.e.- Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.state.gov [Source type: Original source]
^ The Abdulsalami Abubakar government that released Obasanjo from prison could easily have decided to leave him in prison and not care about the delivery of justice.
.^ With the Mafia, it is “Omerta”, with the Yakuza, it is the “Jingi.” Usually, these codes of conduct hold these criminal organizations together and are essential for the achievement of their nefarious objectives.
.^ The courts to which this section relates, established by this Constitution for the Federation and for the States, specified in subsection (5) (a) to (1) of this section, shall be the only superior courts of record in Nigeria; and save as otherwise prescribed by the National Assembly or by the House of Assembly of a State, each court shall have all the powers of a superior court of record.- Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.nigeria-law.org [Source type: Original source]
^ Nothing in this Constitution shall be construed as affecting the power of a court of law or any tribunal established by law to declare invalid any provision of an existing law on the ground of inconsistency with the provision of any other law, that is to say- .- Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.nigeria-law.org [Source type: Original source]
^ The judicial powers of the Federation shall be vested in the courts to which this section relates, being courts established for the Federation.- Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.nigeria-law.org [Source type: Original source]
.^ The appointment of a person to the office of a Justice of the Supreme Court shall be made by the President on the National Judicial Council subject to confirmation of such appointment by the senate.- Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.nigeria-law.org [Source type: Original source]
^ The Chairman and members of the Code of Conduct Tribunal shall be appointed by the President in accordance with the recommendation of the National Judicial Council.- Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.nigeria-law.org [Source type: Original source]
^ Any amount standing to the credit of the judiciary in the Federation Account shall be paid directly to the National Judicial Councils for disbursement to the heads of courts established for the Federation and the States under section 6 of this Constitution.- Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.nigeria-law.org [Source type: Original source]
.^ The decisions of the Federal High Court, a High Court and of all other courts established by this Constitution shall be enforced in any part of the Federation by all authorities and persons, and by other courts of law with subordinate jurisdiction to that of the Federal High Court, a High Court and those other courts, respectively.- Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.nigeria-law.org [Source type: Original source]
^ The IAP's decisions were binding on parties but could be appealed to the NIC; however in practice, the decisions of these bodies infrequently carried the force of law.- Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.state.gov [Source type: Original source]
^ There were no laws that require accessibility to buildings or public transportation for persons with disabilities, and the Government did not formulate any policy specifically ensuring the right of persons with disabilities to work.- Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.state.gov [Source type: Original source]
.^ Other states with Shari'a law permitted Muslims to choose common law courts for criminal cases; however, societal pressure forced most Muslims to use the Shari'a court system.- Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.state.gov [Source type: Original source]
^ First, the Federal government should hunt these criminals down with the utmost force at its disposal, treating the crises strictly as the criminal acts that they are.
^ Exercise of the rights of appeal from the Federal High Court of a High Court in civil and criminal matters.- Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.nigeria-law.org [Source type: Original source]
.^ Nigeria in execution of the sentence of a court of law in respect of a criminal offence of which he has been found guilty: .- Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.nigeria-law.org [Source type: Original source]
^ In both common law and Shari'a courts, indigent persons without legal representation were more likely to have their sentences carried out immediately upon being sentenced, although all accused persons have the right to appeal.- Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.state.gov [Source type: Original source]
^ These sentences were usually carried out immediately, while all sentences involving mutilation or death allow 30 days for appeal.- Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.state.gov [Source type: Original source]
.^ Judicial Commission of Inquiry or an Administrative Panel of Inquiry or a Tribunal set up under the Tribunals of Inquiry Act, a Tribunals of Inquiry Law or any other law by the Federal or State Government which indictment has been accepted by the Federal or State Government; or .- Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.nigeria-law.org [Source type: Original source]
^ Judicial Commission of Inquiry or an Administrative Panel of Inquiry or a Tribunal set up under the Tribunals of Inquiry Act, a Tribunals of Inquiry Law or any other law by the Federal and State Government which indictment has been accepted by the Federal or State Government, respectively; or .- Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.nigeria-law.org [Source type: Original source]
^ Judicial Commission of Inquiry or an Administrative Panel of Inquiry or a Tribunal set up under the Tribunals of Inquiry Act, a Tribunals of Inquiry Law or any other law by the Federal or State Government which indictment has been accepted by the Federal or State Government, respectively; or .- Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.nigeria-law.org [Source type: Original source]
These were affiliated to the superior
courts.
Lands and Minerals
.^ The Constitution provides for freedom of speech and of the press; however, the Government at times restricted these rights.- Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.state.gov [Source type: Original source]
.^ Mode of exercising legislative power of a state .- Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.nigeria-law.org [Source type: Original source]
^ Extent of Federal and State Legislative powers .- Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.nigeria-law.org [Source type: Original source]
^ The legislative powers of a State of the Federation shall be vested in the House of Assembly of the State.- Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.nigeria-law.org [Source type: Original source]
.^ No moveable property or any interest in an immovable property shall be taken possession of compulsorily and no right over or interest in any such property shall be acquired compulsorily in any part of Nigeria except in the manner and for the purposes prescribed by a law that, among other things - .- Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.nigeria-law.org [Source type: Original source]
^ The ownership of all lands comprised in the Federal Capital Territory, Abuja shall vest in the Government of the Federal Republic of Nigeria.- Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.nigeria-law.org [Source type: Original source]
^ Hence there is more agitation by all the local and state governments across the land, especially those in the oil producing regions, for more money to be allocated to them.
.^ The functions to be conferred by Law upon local government council shall include those set out in the Fourth Schedule to this Constitution.- Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.nigeria-law.org [Source type: Original source]
^ Incorporation, regulation and winding up of bodies corporate, other than co-operative societies, local government councils and bodies corporate established directly by any Law enacted by a House of Assembly of a State.- Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.nigeria-law.org [Source type: Original source]
.^ Any person who is arrested or detained shall have the right to remain silent or avoid answering any question until after consultation with a legal practitioner or any other person of his own choice.- Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.nigeria-law.org [Source type: Original source]
Slavery
.^ In practice, the testimony of women was not given the same weight as that of men in many criminal courts (see Section 1.e.- Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.state.gov [Source type: Original source]
This
decree had been promulgated
before the transfer of the administration, but had existed merely
on paper.
.^ Every citizen of Nigeria is entitled to move freely throughout Nigeria and to reside in any part thereof, and no citizen of Nigeria shall be expelled from Nigeria or refused entry thereby or exit therefrom.- Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.nigeria-law.org [Source type: Original source]
^ Every person shall be entitled to his personal liberty and no person shall be deprived of such liberty save in the following cases and in accordance with a procedure permitted by law - .- Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.nigeria-law.org [Source type: Original source]
^ Because no applicable case has been appealed to the federal level, federal appellate courts have yet to decide whether such punishments violate the Constitution (see Section 1.e.- Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.state.gov [Source type: Original source]
Slave-dealing and transactions of every kind in slaves were now
made illegal.
.^ Exercise of the rights of appeal from the Federal High Court of a High Court in civil and criminal matters.- Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.nigeria-law.org [Source type: Original source]
^ An appeal shall lie from decisions of a customary Court of Appeal to the Court of Appeal as of right in any civil proceedings before the customary Court of Appeal with respect to any question of Customary law and such other matters as may be prescribed by an Act of the National Assembly.- Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.nigeria-law.org [Source type: Original source]
^ No proceedings or determination of the Panel or of the National Assembly or any matter relating thereto shall be entertained or questioned in any court.- Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.nigeria-law.org [Source type: Original source]
Taxation
.^ Several state governments made significant prevention efforts during the year, including awareness campaigns among at-risk populations.- Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.state.gov [Source type: Original source]
^ Human rights activists continued to complain that President Obasanjo and members of his Government did not meet with them as frequently as they did during the early years of his first administration.- Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.state.gov [Source type: Original source]
To these were added
certain licences (e.g. on canoes, &c.). In 1905 a complete
reorganization of the direct taxation of the country was
introduced.
.^ This is especially so since when they were elected into office, there was a term limit of two prescribed by the constitution, which they all swore to uphold.
the land
and general tax - in its nature an
income tax - and the jangali or cattle tax
upon
nomad herdsmen. The
imposition of this tax
involved a rough and ready
assessment of every village in the
protectorate. Under this system the oppression and extortion
practised under native rule gave place to a carefully regulated
method of assessment.
.^ For the purpose of subsection (1) of this section, "revenue" means any income or return accruing to or derived by the Government of the Federation from any source and includes - .- Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.nigeria-law.org [Source type: Original source]
^ This means that the Nigerian government needs to allocate more than the measly $1.5 billion it budgeted to the military in 2006.
^ Human rights activists continued to complain that President Obasanjo and members of his Government did not meet with them as frequently as they did during the early years of his first administration.- Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.state.gov [Source type: Original source]
.^ State of the Federation into three Senatorial districts for purposes of elections to the Senate; and .- Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.nigeria-law.org [Source type: Original source]
^ Any person who before the coming into force of this Constitution was elected to any elective office mentioned in this Constitution in accordance with the provisions of any law in force immediately before the coming into force of this Constitution shall be deemed to have been duly elected to that office under this Constitution.- Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.nigeria-law.org [Source type: Original source]
^ There shall be an Attorney-General for each State who shall be the Chief Law Officer of the State and Commissioner for Justice of the Government of that State.- Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.nigeria-law.org [Source type: Original source]
The administrative
officers were entrusted with the assessment and acted as
arbitrators and referees in case of illegal exactions.
.^ There shall be an Attorney-General for each State who shall be the Chief Law Officer of the State and Commissioner for Justice of the Government of that State.- Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.nigeria-law.org [Source type: Original source]
^ It is also said that there was no proper handing over to the Vice President, Mr. Goodluck Jonathan and thus a power vacuum as it were exists in the executive branch of Government in Nigeria.
^ Unlike in the previous year, there were no reports that the Government denied international broadcasting organizations accreditation renewals.- Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.state.gov [Source type: Original source]
The
taxation of the great cities formed a separate and very difficult
problem. The law laid down the method to be employed in this case,
but pending the completion of the rural taxation this detailed
application of the system was allowed to remain in suspense. It was
hoped that so soon as the scheme could be effectively put into
operation the taxes on trade in transit could be largely if not
completely abolished, and the traders and merchants - the
wealthiest class of the community - would be assessed in their city
domiciles.
.^ We have to fight inequality from the very beginning of people’s lives, and this initiative also creates better conditions for women to take jobs.
^ Security and law enforcement officials continued to use excessive force at checkpoints and roadblocks and engage in extortion and violence (see Section 1.a.- Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.state.gov [Source type: Original source]
^ For the purpose of subsection (1) of this section, "revenue" means any income or return accruing to or derived by the Government of the Federation from any source and includes - .- Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.nigeria-law.org [Source type: Original source]
Native Rulers
.^ State were references to the persons, offices and authorities of the Federation with like status, designations and powers, respectively; and in particular, as if references to the Attorney-General, Commissioners and the Auditor-General for a State were references to the Attorney-General, Ministers and the Auditor-General of the Federation with like status, designations and powers.- Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.nigeria-law.org [Source type: Original source]
They receive the support of
the government within the limits of their recognized sphere of
action.
.^ The law provides for the granting of asylum and refugee status to persons in accordance with the 1951 U.N. Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees or its 1967 Protocol, and the Government has established such a system for providing protection to refugees.- Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.state.gov [Source type: Original source]
^ There shall be an Attorney-General for each State who shall be the Chief Law Officer of the State and Commissioner for Justice of the Government of that State.- Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.nigeria-law.org [Source type: Original source]
^ There shall be an Attorney-General of the Federation who shall be the Chief Law Officer of the Federation and a Minister of the Government of the Federation.- Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.nigeria-law.org [Source type: Original source]
.^ Subject to the provisions of any law made by the House of Assembly of a State, the Chief Judge of a State may make rules for regulating the practice and procedure of the High Court of the State.- Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.nigeria-law.org [Source type: Original source]
^ Subject to the provisions of any Act of the National Assembly, the Chief Judge of the Federal High Court may make rules for regulating the practice and procedure of the Federal High Court.- Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.nigeria-law.org [Source type: Original source]
Military and Police
.^ Nigeria and the West African sub-region.
^ In this section, a " period of emergency" means any period during which there is in force a Proclamation of a state of emergency declared by the President in exercise of the powers conferred on him under section 305 of this Constitution.- Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.nigeria-law.org [Source type: Original source]
^ Subject to the provisions of this Constitution, an existing law shall have effect with such modifications as may be necessary to bring it into conformity with the provisions of this Constitution and shall be deemed to be - .- Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.nigeria-law.org [Source type: Original source]
.^ Human rights organizations have accused the military and police of harassment, extortion, and excessive use of force in the region.- Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.state.gov [Source type: Original source]
^ Nigeria Police Force and all other matters relating thereto (not being matters relating to the use and operational control of the Force or the appointment, disciplinary control and dismissal of members of the Force); .- Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.nigeria-law.org [Source type: Original source]
^ Appointment of Inspector-General and control of Nigeria Police Force.- Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.nigeria-law.org [Source type: Original source]
.^ The Nigeria Police Force shall be under the command of the Inspector-General of Police and contingents of the Nigeria Police Force stationed in a state shall, subject to the authority of the Inspector-General of Police, be under the command of the Commissioner of Police of that state.- Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.nigeria-law.org [Source type: Original source]
^ Political preoccupations have included street protests, a forced Cabinet reshuffle just three months into her term, and corruption scandals.
^ Constitution, divide the Federation into three hundred and sixty Federal constituencies for purposes of elections to the House of Representatives.- Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.nigeria-law.org [Source type: Original source]
The distribution of the garrisons
is under the direction of the high commissioner.
.^ Police and other government security services established by law.- Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.nigeria-law.org [Source type: Original source]
^ All revenues or other moneys raised or received by a State (not being revenues or other moneys payable under this Constitution or any Law of a House of Assembly into any other public fund of the State established for a specific purpose) shall be paid into and form one Consolidated Revenue Fund of the State.- Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.nigeria-law.org [Source type: Original source]
^ All revenues or other moneys raised or received by the Federation (not being revenues or other moneys payable under this Constitution or any Act of the National Assembly into any other public fund of the Federation established for a specific purpose) shall be paid into and form one Consolidated Revenue Fund of the Federation.- Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.nigeria-law.org [Source type: Original source]
A district
superintendent is appointed to each
province.
Miscellaneous Enactments
.^ Companies and Allied Matters Act or any other enactment replacing the Act or regulating the operation of companies incorporated under the Companies and Allied Matters Act; .- Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.nigeria-law.org [Source type: Original source]
.^ Commissioner of Police for each state of the Federation who shall be appointed by the Police Service Commission.- Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.nigeria-law.org [Source type: Original source]
^ The Governor of a State may, in his discretion, assign to the Deputy Governor or any Commissioner of the Government of the State responsibility for any business of the Government of that State, including the administration of any department of Government.- Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.nigeria-law.org [Source type: Original source]
^ That however does not render them untouchable or immune to investigation to the extent that there are questions about their conducts in business and as high level officers of the Federal Government of Nigeria.
Discipline on board of
steamers is prescribed by the Marine Discipline Act. The
preservation of wild animals and birds in accordance with
international agreements is enforced by law. The importation or
possession of arms of precision is forbidden, except by permits in
conformity with the
Brussels Act, and in further application of
that act the importation of spirits for sale to natives is wholly
prohibited. The cantonments are regulated by a municipal
ordinance, establishing
rates and laying down various regulations for order and sanitation.
In order to prevent
hydrophobia dogs may only be kept under
certain restrictions.
.^ Subject to the provisions of this Constitution, the Court of Appeal shall, to the exclusion of any other court of Law in Nigeria, have original jurisdiction to hear and determine any question as to whether - .- Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.nigeria-law.org [Source type: Original source]
^ The formation, annulment and dissolution of marriages other than marriages under Islamic law and Customary law including matrimonial causes relating thereto.- Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.nigeria-law.org [Source type: Original source]
Administrative Divisions
.^ Kano-Katsina, Kano, Katsina, Zaria, Jos Plateau and southeast to Bauchi, Gombe is center; Bororro in Bornu state, Maiduguri is center; Sokoto in Sokoto state.- Ethnologue report for Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.ethnologue.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Constitution, divide the Federation into three hundred and sixty Federal constituencies for purposes of elections to the House of Representatives.- Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.nigeria-law.org [Source type: Original source]
^ Sokoto, Kaduna, Katsina, Kano, Bauchi, Jigawa, Zamfara, Kebbi, and Gombe states.- Ethnologue report for Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.ethnologue.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
.^ "Assignments have been carried out in East, Central and West Africa."
^ Kano-Katsina, Kano, Katsina, Zaria, Jos Plateau and southeast to Bauchi, Gombe is center; Bororro in Bornu state, Maiduguri is center; Sokoto in Sokoto state.- Ethnologue report for Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.ethnologue.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
.^ In this cesspool of corruption, it is not out of place to have the kind of chaos expressed in the form of piracy, kidnapping, extortion, arson and sabotage that we have in the Niger-Delta.
^ Ali should appreciate that in a democracy no one has the right to coerce people into making a choice they are not in agreement with.
^ It follows therefore that these reservoirs in the Niger-Delta were in place long before the existence of the entity called Nigeria and certainly long before the very first human settlers in the Niger-Delta.
The first-class residents of the
double provinces are assisted by about twelve residents and
assistant residents of subordinate rank.
.^ Judicial Commission of Inquiry or an Administrative Panel of Inquiry or a Tribunal set up under the Tribunals of Inquiry Act, a Tribunals of Inquiry Law or any other law by the Federal or State Government which indictment has been accepted by the Federal or State Government; or .- Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.nigeria-law.org [Source type: Original source]
^ Judicial Commission of Inquiry or an Administrative Panel of Inquiry or a Tribunal set up under the Tribunals of Inquiry Act, a Tribunals of Inquiry Law or any other law by the Federal and State Government which indictment has been accepted by the Federal or State Government, respectively; or .- Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.nigeria-law.org [Source type: Original source]
^ Judicial Commission of Inquiry or an Administrative Panel of Inquiry or a Tribunal set up under the Tribunals of Inquiry Act, a Tribunals of Inquiry Law or any other law by the Federal or State Government which indictment has been accepted by the Federal or State Government, respectively; or .- Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.nigeria-law.org [Source type: Original source]
.^ There was no further action taken in the 2003 cases of bribe-related killings in Ebonyi, Jigawa, and Delta States.- Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.state.gov [Source type: Original source]
^ The House of Assembly of a State shall have power to make laws for the peace, order and good government of the State or any part thereof with respect to the following matters, that is to say:- .- Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.nigeria-law.org [Source type: Original source]
^ Governor, the Deputy Governor and the Commissioners of the Government of the State in the discharge of their executive responsibilities; and .- Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.nigeria-law.org [Source type: Original source]
Amalgamation of Lagos and Southern Nigeria
.^ Federal Government Sites] From the Nigerian government's Nigeria First web site.
^ Ambassador, High Commissioner or other Principal Representative of Nigeria abroad; .- Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.nigeria-law.org [Source type: Original source]
^ Based in Lagos and Middlesex, U.K. Its online bookstore sells selected books on Nigerian politics, military and the economy.
.^ The following is the supposed shipping agent that I was to Western Union the shipping money to: Femi Fowler, 39 McGuary Road, Victoria Island, Lagos, Nigeria.- Interfraud - exposing the British and Irish connection. 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.data-wales.co.uk [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Includes the full text of - Slavery Question in Colonial Northern Nigeria, 1900-1906 , by Paul Lovejoy and Jan Hogendorn Robin Law (ed.
The former colony and protectorate of Lagos (q.v.)
became the western or Lagos province of the new administration. In
the year the amalgamation was effected the revenue reached a record
figure, the amount collected being I,088,000, to which Lagos
province contributed £424,000. Over 80% of the revenue was derived
from customs. In the same year the expenditure from revenue was
£1,056,000.
Northern Nigeria Railway
.^ Ambassador, High Commissioner or other Principal Representative of Nigeria abroad; .- Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.nigeria-law.org [Source type: Original source]
^ An appointment to the office of Ambassador, High Commissioner or other Principal Representative of Nigeria abroad shall not have effect unless the appointment is confirmed by the Senate.- Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.nigeria-law.org [Source type: Original source]
^ MacDonald was Governor of Kenya 1963-4, High Commissioner for Kenya and involved in diplomatic missions to Nigeria and Zimbabwe.
.^ The Government directed each state administration to establish its own salary structure based on its ability to pay, but at least the national minimum wage.- Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.state.gov [Source type: Original source]
^ Nigeria or any executive or administrative action of the government, to disabilities or restrictions to which citizens of Nigeria of other communities, ethnic groups, places of origin, sex, religions or political opinions are not made subject; or .- Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.nigeria-law.org [Source type: Original source]
^ Michelle Bachelet: Twenty-six years ago, we made some important reforms, as you say, that have been copied in other places.
In view of the approaching
unification of Southern and Northern Nigeria, the money needed,
about £1,250,000, was raised as a
loan by Southern Nigeria. The route chosen for the
line was that advocated by Sir Frederick Lugard. This important
work, essential for the welfare of the northern territories, was
begun under the superintendence of Sir Percy Girouard,' the builder
of the
Wadi Halfa-
Khartum railway. At the same
time the decision was taken to continue the Lagos railway till it
effected a junction with the Kano line near Zungeru, the Niger
being bridged at Jebba.
Land Tenure
.^ [KF] http://www.asaba.com/ Association of Concerned Africa Scholars ACAS is an organization of scholars concerned with the policies of the U.S. govt.
^ In July, workers of Forasol Drilling West Africa in Bayelsa State commandeered an oil rig to protest the company's employment policies.- Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.state.gov [Source type: Original source]
^ The Quarterly: It’s the reform of the pension system, though, that has probably attracted the most outside attention.
.^ Kogi and Edo state governors declared the disputed land a "buffer zone," and the matter was referred to the National Boundary Commission in 2003.- Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.state.gov [Source type: Original source]
.^ There shall be an Attorney-General for each State who shall be the Chief Law Officer of the State and Commissioner for Justice of the Government of that State.- Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.nigeria-law.org [Source type: Original source]
^ Site owned by Emeka Maduewesi "with the Litigation Department of Townsend and Townsend and Crew, an intellectual property, anti-trust and commercial litigation law firm in San Francisco, California."
^ The Chairman shall be a person who has held or is qualified to hold office as a Judge of a Court of record in Nigeria and shall receive such remuneration as may be prescribed by law.- Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.nigeria-law.org [Source type: Original source]
.^ The Secretary of the Council shall be appointed by the National Judicial Council on the recommendation of the Federal Judicial Service Commission and shall be a legal practitioner.- Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.nigeria-law.org [Source type: Original source]
^ The Auditor-General for a State shall be appointed by the Governor of the State on the recommendation of the State Civil Service Commission subject to confirmation by the House of Assembly of the State.- Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.nigeria-law.org [Source type: Original source]
This policy i In 1909 Sir Percy Girouard was succeeded by Sir H. H.
J.
Bell.
.^ MacDonald was Governor of Kenya 1963-4, High Commissioner for Kenya and involved in diplomatic missions to Nigeria and Zimbabwe.
was adopted by the Colonial Office.
.^ Government of the Federation or of a State, members of the armed forces of the Federation or members of the Nigeria Police Force or other Government security services or agencies established by law.- Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.nigeria-law.org [Source type: Original source]
^ The ownership of all lands comprised in the Federal Capital Territory, Abuja shall vest in the Government of the Federal Republic of Nigeria.- Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.nigeria-law.org [Source type: Original source]
^ Inspector-General of Police, Deputy Inspector-General of Police and all members of the Nigeria Police Force and other government security agencies established by law.- Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.nigeria-law.org [Source type: Original source]
This exclusion of the European
land speculator and denial of the right to buy and sell land and of
freehold tenure was held by all the authorities to be essential for
the moral and material welfare of the inhabitants of a land where
the duty of the white man is mainly that of administration and his
material advantages lie in trade.
.^ Has a directory of museums in West Africa (see under Partners), links to Africa-related museum sites.
^ Article in the New York Times , September 20, 1999, page A4 West Africa Review A peer reviewed e-journal published by the Africa Resource Centre founded by Dr. Nkiru Nzegwu.
^ Has a keyword searchable News Database which retrieves articles from the BBC Summary of World Broadcasts, West Africa, Keesings , and other sources.
-
.^ For example, persons in the North and in parts of the Middle Belt were overwhelmingly Muslim and from the large Hausa and Fulani ethnic groups that tended to dominate these areas.- Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.state.gov [Source type: Original source]
^ WC1H 8 Area: 02- Central London, flat to rent scam, Kristen Colleen Townsend < attorneylaura01@yahoo.com > .- Interfraud - exposing the British and Irish connection. 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.data-wales.co.uk [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
.^ Classification : Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Volta-Congo, Benue-Congo, Cross River, Delta Cross, Lower Cross, Obolo, Usaghade More information.- Ethnologue report for Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.ethnologue.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Classification : Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Volta-Congo, Benue-Congo, Cross River, Delta Cross, Lower Cross, Obolo, Ilue More information.- Ethnologue report for Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.ethnologue.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Classification : Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Volta-Congo, Benue-Congo, Cross River, Delta Cross, Lower Cross, Obolo, Oro More information.- Ethnologue report for Nigeria 28 January 2010 1:34 UTC www.ethnologue.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
Maps of the country on the
scale of i.10o,o-Go and ?zeToTi are published by the War
Office. The Blue Books, Cd. 2325 (1904), 2787 (1905) and 45 2 3
(1909), deal with railway construction, harbours and river
navigation. (F. L. L.)
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