From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
| Nile |
| River |
|
The Nile in Egypt
|
| Name origin: "Nile"(Arabic: 'nīl) comes from the Greek word Neilos (Νεῖλος) |
|
| Countries |
 Ethiopia,  Sudan,  Egypt,  Uganda,  Democratic Republic of the Congo |
|
| Cities |
Jinja, Juba , Khartoum, Cairo |
|
|
| Primary source |
White Nile |
| - elevation |
2,700 m (8,858 ft) |
| - coordinates |
2°16′55.92″S 29°19′52.32″E / 2.2822°S 29.3312°E / -2.2822; 29.3312 |
| Secondary source |
Blue Nile |
| - location |
Lake Tana, Ethiopia |
| - coordinates |
12°2′8.8″N 37°15′53.11″E / 12.035778°N 37.2647528°E / 12.035778; 37.2647528 |
| Source confluence |
near Khartoum |
| Mouth |
|
| - location |
Mediterranean Sea |
| - elevation |
0 m (0 ft) |
|
| Length |
6,650 km (4,132 mi) |
| Width |
8 km (5 mi) |
| Basin |
3,400,000 km2 (1,312,747 sq mi) |
| Discharge |
|
| - average |
2,830 m3/s (99,941 cu ft/s) |
|
.^ The Nile , longest river in the world, located in northeastern Africa .
^ VIDEO An overview of the importance of the Nile River to the development of North Africa.- Nile River (river, Africa) -- Britannica Online Encyclopedia 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC www.britannica.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ The Nile River, longest river in the world, located in northeastern Africa.
[1]
.^ While the White Nile at Khartoum is a river of almost constant volume, the Blue Nile has a pronounced flood season (late July to October) caused by the summer monsoon rains over the Ethiopian Plateau and the rapid runoff from its numerous tributaries; historically, it was this surge that contributed most to the annual Nile floods in Egypt.- Nile River (river, Africa) -- Britannica Online Encyclopedia 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC www.britannica.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ The Blue Nile pours out of Lake Tana, in the Ethiopian highlands, and passes over a series of cataracts and rapids to join the main stream of the river, the White Nile, at Khartoum.- The Nile River - History and Facts 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC www.squidoo.com [Source type: General]
^ The Blue Nile and White Nile meet in Khartoum; and the other side of Khartoum is the Omdurman Republic of Sudan.- The Nile Valley Civilization and the Spread of African Culture 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC www.africawithin.com [Source type: Original source]
.^ The White and Blue Niles converge in Khartoum, in Sudan, and from there flow north to the Mediterranean Sea.- BLUE NILE 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC www.american.edu [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ The White Nile's flow is tempered by the natural perennial storage of the Great Lakes, of which Lake Victoria is the most important.- BLUE NILE 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC www.american.edu [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ From there it flows from the south down north.- The Nile Valley Civilization and the Spread of African Culture 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC www.africawithin.com [Source type: Original source]
.^ In the fork of the two rivers stands Khartum ,' the capital of the Anglo-Egyptian Sudan , whilst on the western bank of the White Nile is Omdurman , the former Mandist capital.
.^ An ancient canal conveyed the waters of the Nile to the Red Sea, flowing through the Wadi-t Tumeylat and irrigating with its system of water-channels a large extent of country.- NETBible: Nile 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC net.bible.org [Source type: Original source]
^ Then begins the Victoria Nile which flows through Lake Kyoga into Lake Albert, also called Lake Mobutu Sesse Seko.- The Nile Basin 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC www.fao.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ At Gondokoro the Nile is clear of the hill country, and enters a vast swamp-like expanse through which it flows with a very low slope and a very tortuous channel.
.^ Most infected birds were found in river valleys in the eastern part of the state.- Colorado State University Extension 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC www.ext.colostate.edu [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Throughout your Nile River Cruise you will be accompanied by a knowledgeable tour guide who will provide in-depth insights and a comprehensive understanding of the ancient Egypt Kingdoms.
^ In pre-historic times, primeval forests covered the river banks when the river nile was a vast swamp composed of rushes, papyrus, and weeds.
.^ The White and Blue Niles converge in Khartoum, in Sudan, and from there flow north to the Mediterranean Sea.- BLUE NILE 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC www.american.edu [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ From this junction-point the Niles flows North through Nubia and Egypt 1,900 miles and empties into the Mediterranean Sea, in latitude 32 degree North, through 2 mouths, the Rosetta, East of Alexandria, and the Damietta, West of Port Said.- NETBible: Nile 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC net.bible.org [Source type: Original source]
^ At the beginning of the delta the Nile separates into two channels, the Rosetta and the Damietta , which join the Mediterranean at its south-east angle.
Etymology of the word Nile
The word "Nile" comes from Greek
Neilos (
Νεῖλος), of unknown derivation.
.^ This treaty does not only bind Sudan to Egypts approval before undertaking any irrigation project, but also gave Egypt rights in the use of Lake Victoria and other water bodies around the river Nile.- The Nile Basin Initiative (NBI); Business as usual 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC nilebasin.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ The valley of the river is here very narrow, and the desert land in places comes right to the water's edge.
^ History of Astronomy - Me Pedia The Egyptians also used the rising of the star Sirius in the pre-dawn sky to mark the time when the Nile River could be expected to flood.- The Nile River - History and Facts 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC www.squidoo.com [Source type: General]
[2] In
Coptic, the words
piaro (Sahidic) or
phiaro (Bohairic) meaning "the river" (lit. p(h).iar-o "the.canal-great") come from the same ancient name.
Tributaries and distributaries
Nile seen from Spot Satellite
East Africa, showing the course of the Nile River, with the Blue and White Niles marked in those colours
The Nile makes its way through the
Sahara
.^ It covers an area of about 300 square miles.- NETBible: Nile 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC net.bible.org [Source type: Original source]
^ Are storm water catch basins significant breeding areas for West Nile virus mosquito vectors?- Colorado State University Extension 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC www.ext.colostate.edu [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Who should wild game hunters contact for information about the risk for West Nile virus infection in specific geographic areas?- Colorado State University Extension 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC www.ext.colostate.edu [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
[3]
.^ It begins at Malakāl and joins the Blue Nile at Khartoum, receiving no tributaries of importance.- Nile River (river, Africa) -- Britannica Online Encyclopedia 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC www.britannica.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Blue Nile upstream of Khartoum .- The Nile Basin 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC www.fao.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ While the White Nile at Khartoum is a river of almost constant volume, the Blue Nile has a pronounced flood season (late July to October) caused by the summer monsoon rains over the Ethiopian Plateau and the rapid runoff from its numerous tributaries; historically, it was this surge that contributed most to the annual Nile floods in Egypt.- Nile River (river, Africa) -- Britannica Online Encyclopedia 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC www.britannica.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
.^ It pointed out that the Western Rift Valley has a potential for 450 MW (Geothermal) compared to 250 MW proposed by Bujagali.- The Nile Basin Initiative (NBI); Business as usual 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC nilebasin.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
.^ The river originates from two distinct geographical zones, the basins of the White and Blue Niles.- BLUE NILE 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC www.american.edu [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ White Nile itself, which is only about 800 cub.
^ The Blue Nile originates in the highlands of Ethiopia and Eretria, as do the other major tributaries of the Nile, the Atbara and the Sobat.- BLUE NILE 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC www.american.edu [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
.^ And there it meets with the Atbara River in Atbara, Sudan.- The Nile Valley Civilization and the Spread of African Culture 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC www.africawithin.com [Source type: Original source]
^ The Atbara River , the last tributary of the Nile, flows into the mainstream nearly 200 miles north of Khartoum.- Nile River (river, Africa) -- Britannica Online Encyclopedia 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC www.britannica.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ The Atbara contributes more than 10 percent of the total annual flow of the Nile, but almost all of this comes in the period of July to October.- Nile River (river, Africa) -- Britannica Online Encyclopedia 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC www.britannica.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
It flows only while there is rain in Ethiopia and dries very rapidly. It joins the Nile approximately 300 kilometres (200 mi) north of Khartoum.
The Nile is unusual in that its last tributary (the Atbara) joins it roughly halfway to the sea.
.^ Turning north-westward from this point the Nile basin crosses the mountainous region of Mfumbiro and includes that of Ruwenzori .
The course of the Nile in Sudan is distinctive.
.^ The Atbara River , the last tributary of the Nile, flows into the mainstream nearly 200 miles north of Khartoum.- Nile River (river, Africa) -- Britannica Online Encyclopedia 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC www.britannica.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ From the First Cataract, at Syene, the river flows smoothly at the rate of two or three miles an hour with a width of half a mile.- NETBible: Nile 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC net.bible.org [Source type: Original source]
^ The Nyavarongo first flows north to about 1 ° 40' S., then turning in a sharp bend east and south, and on again reaching 2° 20' S., unites with the Akanyaru just west of 30° E. The Akanyaru, which comes from the southwest, has been sometimes considered the larger stream, but according to Dr Richard Kandt it carries decidedly less water, while its course is shorter than that of the Nyavarongo.
This is called the "Great Bend of the Nile".
.^ At the beginning of the delta the Nile separates into two channels, the Rosetta and the Damietta , which join the Mediterranean at its south-east angle.
^ Of the two branches the Damietta is the more easterly.
^ A little north of Cairo it divides into two branches, one flowing to Rosetta and the other to Damietta, from which place the mouths are named.- NETBible: Nile 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC net.bible.org [Source type: Original source]
.^ National Uses of Water Resources An estimated 246 million people live in the Nile River basin, half of whom are dependant on the Nile waters for survival.- BLUE NILE 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC www.american.edu [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ The Ethiopian statement points out that Egypt went ahead and built the Aswan Dam which has to depend on the Blue Nile waters, 'without even consulting Ethiopia.'"- BLUE NILE 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC www.american.edu [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Turning north-westward from this point the Nile basin crosses the mountainous region of Mfumbiro and includes that of Ruwenzori .
White Nile
.^ The Blue Nile pours out of Lake Tana, in the Ethiopian highlands, and passes over a series of cataracts and rapids to join the main stream of the river, the White Nile, at Khartoum.- The Nile River - History and Facts 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC www.squidoo.com [Source type: General]
^ Then begins the Victoria Nile which flows through Lake Kyoga into Lake Albert, also called Lake Mobutu Sesse Seko.- The Nile Basin 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC www.fao.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Eratosthenes was the first writer to hint at equatorial lakes as the sources of the river.
.^ It is thought that approximately 30 million years ago the early Nile, then a much shorter stream, had its sources about latitude 18° to 20° N. Its main headstream may then have been the present Atbara River.- Nile River (river, Africa) -- Britannica Online Encyclopedia 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC www.britannica.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ The Atbara River , the last tributary of the Nile, flows into the mainstream nearly 200 miles north of Khartoum.- Nile River (river, Africa) -- Britannica Online Encyclopedia 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC www.britannica.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ The river flows in a wide channel between broad swamps bordered by a belt of forest on either bank.
.^ The only outlet of Lake Victoria is at Ripon Falls (Owen Falls Dam) in Uganda.- The Nile Basin 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC www.fao.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Then begins the Victoria Nile which flows through Lake Kyoga into Lake Albert, also called Lake Mobutu Sesse Seko.- The Nile Basin 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC www.fao.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Other upstream riparians, Kenya and Tanzania, plan to use Lake Victoria on the White Nile for irrigation.- BLUE NILE 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC www.american.edu [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
.^ Then begins the Victoria Nile which flows through Lake Kyoga into Lake Albert, also called Lake Mobutu Sesse Seko.- The Nile Basin 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC www.fao.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ The combined waters of the Semliki and the Victoria Nile leave Lake Albert at the northern end and become the Albert Nile, which then flows into Sudan.- The Nile Basin 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC www.fao.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ This lake also receives water from the Semliki River, which originates in the Mufumbiru mountains in Zaire and flows through Lake Edward to Lake Albert.- The Nile Basin 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC www.fao.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
.^ The Blue Nile pours out of Lake Tana, in the Ethiopian highlands, and passes over a series of cataracts and rapids to join the main stream of the river, the White Nile, at Khartoum.- The Nile River - History and Facts 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC www.squidoo.com [Source type: General]
^ In this manner the identity of the Victoria Nile with the river which issued from the Albert Nyanza was definitely established.
^ Nile, which is now known as the Bahr-el - Jebel , or Mountain river, flows in a generally northerly direction.
.^ The Mereb-Gash basin has mainly spate flows and its water reaches the Atbara River in Sudan only during extremely high floods.- The Nile Basin 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC www.fao.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Nile, which is now known as the Bahr-el - Jebel , or Mountain river, flows in a generally northerly direction.
^ The combined waters of the Semliki and the Victoria Nile leave Lake Albert at the northern end and become the Albert Nile, which then flows into Sudan.- The Nile Basin 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC www.fao.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
.^ The Blue Nile pours out of Lake Tana, in the Ethiopian highlands, and passes over a series of cataracts and rapids to join the main stream of the river, the White Nile, at Khartoum.- The Nile River - History and Facts 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC www.squidoo.com [Source type: General]
^ Less than half of the water entering the Sudd region flows out of it into the White Nile.- The Nile Basin 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC www.fao.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Then begins the Victoria Nile which flows through Lake Kyoga into Lake Albert, also called Lake Mobutu Sesse Seko.- The Nile Basin 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC www.fao.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
When the
Nile flooded it left a rich silty deposit which fertilised the soil.
.^ The Blue Nile pours out of Lake Tana, in the Ethiopian highlands, and passes over a series of cataracts and rapids to join the main stream of the river, the White Nile, at Khartoum.- The Nile River - History and Facts 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC www.squidoo.com [Source type: General]
^ British administration led to the co-ordinated construction of dams and barrages throughout the length of the Nile, from the great lakes to points close to the river's two mouths at Rosetta and Damietta.- The Nile River - History and Facts 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC www.squidoo.com [Source type: General]
^ This morning's visits include Aswan's High Dam, which controls the Nile and is a major source of hydroelectric power in Egypt.- Pyramids & Nile Cruise - Discount Travel Vacation Packages By Friendly Planet 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC www.friendlyplanet.com [Source type: General]
.^ The Blue Nile pours out of Lake Tana, in the Ethiopian highlands, and passes over a series of cataracts and rapids to join the main stream of the river, the White Nile, at Khartoum.- The Nile River - History and Facts 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC www.squidoo.com [Source type: General]
^ The right branch, or Bahr-el-Zeraf (Giraffe river), has a more easterly direction, and does not rejoin the main river until 50 in.
^ Less than half of the water entering the Sudd region flows out of it into the White Nile.- The Nile Basin 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC www.fao.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
.^ The Blue Nile pours out of Lake Tana, in the Ethiopian highlands, and passes over a series of cataracts and rapids to join the main stream of the river, the White Nile, at Khartoum.- The Nile River - History and Facts 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC www.squidoo.com [Source type: General]
^ Nile, which is now known as the Bahr-el - Jebel , or Mountain river, flows in a generally northerly direction.
^ The modern Egyptians commonly call the river El- Bahr , " the sea," a term also applied to the largest rivers, and the inundation " the Nile," En-Nil; and the modern Arabs call the river Bahr-en-Nil, " the river Nile."
.^ Then begins the Victoria Nile which flows through Lake Kyoga into Lake Albert, also called Lake Mobutu Sesse Seko.- The Nile Basin 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC www.fao.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ The Blue Nile, or Abai as it is called in Abyssinia, rises in the Gojam highlands in 11 ° N. and 37° E., and flowing northwards 70 m.
^ The main natural channels flow through a swamp area waterlogged throughout the year, and are then flanked by grasslands flooded at high river and exposed when the river level drops.- The Nile Basin 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC www.fao.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
.^ Entering Sudan, the Albert Nile becomes the Bahr el Jebel.- The Nile Basin 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC www.fao.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Less than half of the water entering the Sudd region flows out of it into the White Nile.- The Nile Basin 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC www.fao.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Here, in a tropical region perennially watered by rain, is a wilderness of swamps known as the Sudd, in which the river loses half its waters.- The Nile River - History and Facts 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC www.squidoo.com [Source type: General]
.^ When the Nile below the swamps is at its lowest, the water acquires a green colour and a putrid taste and smell .
^ More than 99% of the animal cases of West Nile virus infection have been detected in horses.- Colorado State University Extension 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC www.ext.colostate.edu [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ West Nile virus has been detected in more than 100 kinds of birds and many mammals, including horses, dogs, and cats.- Colorado State University Extension 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC www.ext.colostate.edu [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
.^ Entering Sudan, the Albert Nile becomes the Bahr el Jebel.- The Nile Basin 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC www.fao.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ It flows into the Sudd region, the great wetlands which are a maze of channels, lakes and swamps in southern Sudan, and which also receive water from the Bahr el Gazal River, originating in south-west Sudan.- The Nile Basin 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC www.fao.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
.^ The Blue Nile pours out of Lake Tana, in the Ethiopian highlands, and passes over a series of cataracts and rapids to join the main stream of the river, the White Nile, at Khartoum.- The Nile River - History and Facts 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC www.squidoo.com [Source type: General]
^ It is the colour of the Sobat water which gives its name to the White Nile.
^ This seems to be more explicitly the case for the White Nile River system.- The Nile Basin 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC www.fao.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
.^ The modern Egyptians commonly call the river El- Bahr , " the sea," a term also applied to the largest rivers, and the inundation " the Nile," En-Nil; and the modern Arabs call the river Bahr-en-Nil, " the river Nile."
^ Ripon Falls, in 15° 37' N., the White Nile is joined by its greatest eastern confluent the Bahr-el-Azrak or Blue Nile.
^ Nero despatched two centurions on an expedition for the express purpose of exploring the Nile, and Seneca states that they reached a marshy impassable region, which may be easily identified with the country of the White Nile above the mouth of the Sobat.
.^ The modern Egyptians commonly call the river El- Bahr , " the sea," a term also applied to the largest rivers, and the inundation " the Nile," En-Nil; and the modern Arabs call the river Bahr-en-Nil, " the river Nile."
^ The indirect cause is the rain and melting snow on the equatorial mountains in Central Africa, which maintains steadily a great volume of water in the White Nile.- NETBible: Nile 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC net.bible.org [Source type: Original source]
^ While in southern Sudan, the white Nile meanders for over a year through the Sudd swamp lands, where over half of its flow is lost to evaporation.- BLUE NILE 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC www.american.edu [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
.^ Lake No in the rains covers about 50 sq.
^ From this lake to the mouth of the Nile the distance is 2300 miles in a straight line --one eleventh the circumference of the globe.- NETBible: Nile 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC net.bible.org [Source type: Original source]
^ Of this, 85% to 86% is from the Blue Nile, the Atbara and the Sobat, originating in the Ethiopian highlands, with only 14% originating from the Great Lakes region.- BLUE NILE 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC www.american.edu [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
[4] .^ This work was efficiently done by Ismail Ayub Pasha, and the White Nile was clear for large vessels when Gordon reached Khartum in 1874.
^ It is the colour of the Sobat water which gives its name to the White Nile.
^ Blue Nile 59% Atbara 13% Sobat 14% White Nile/Bahr-el-Jebel 14% The average annual flow of the Nile varies depending on the amount of rainfall, and has been declining steadily during the twentieth century.- BLUE NILE 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC www.american.edu [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
[5]
.^ It consists of two rivers, the White Nile, which takes its rise in the Victoria Nyanza, and the Blue Nile, which rises in the Abyssinian Mountains.- NETBible: Nile 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC net.bible.org [Source type: Original source]
^ Description: The Nile is formed by the junction of the White Nile and the Blue Nile in latitude 15 degree 45' North and longitude 32 degree 45' East.- NETBible: Nile 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC net.bible.org [Source type: Original source]
This fluctuation is due the substantial variation in the flow of the Sobat, which has a minimum flow of about 99 m
3/s (3,500 cu ft/s) in August and a peak flow of over 680 m
3/s (24,000 cu ft/s) in early March.
.^ By means of it much of the irrigation of the land during the dry season is carried on from wells.- NETBible: Nile 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC net.bible.org [Source type: Original source]
^ Insect repellents should be applied to clothing and skin while hunting during mosquito season and periods of West Nile virus activity.- Colorado State University Extension 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC www.ext.colostate.edu [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
Blue Nile
.^ NILE - nil (Neilos, meaning not certainly known; perhaps refers to the color of the water, as black or blue.- NETBible: Nile 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC net.bible.org [Source type: Original source]
^ The direct cause is torrential rains in the highlands of Abyssinia which send down the Blue Nile a sudden great increase in the volume of water.- NETBible: Nile 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC net.bible.org [Source type: Original source]
^ The Blue Nile rises in the highlands of Abyssinia, latitude 12 degree 30' North, long.- NETBible: Nile 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC net.bible.org [Source type: Original source]
.^ The length of the Blue Nile is about 850 m.
^ The ancient Egyptians, as is apparent from the records on their monuments, were acquainted with the main stream as far south as the junction of the White and Blue Niles.
^ Ripon Falls, in 15° 37' N., the White Nile is joined by its greatest eastern confluent the Bahr-el-Azrak or Blue Nile.
.^ The Blue Nile originates in the highlands of Ethiopia and Eretria, as do the other major tributaries of the Nile, the Atbara and the Sobat.- BLUE NILE 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC www.american.edu [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Bilateral moves also took place in 1991 and 1993, when Ethiopia signed agreements with Sudan and Egypt, respectively, to cooperate on the use of Nile waters.- BLUE NILE 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC www.american.edu [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ NILE - nil (Neilos, meaning not certainly known; perhaps refers to the color of the water, as black or blue.- NETBible: Nile 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC net.bible.org [Source type: Original source]
.^ Ethiopia refused once again to participate, limiting the scope of the survey's information-gathering to only areas which contribute 15% of the Nile's flow at Aswan.- BLUE NILE 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC www.american.edu [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Idrisi made both the Nile and the Niger issue from a great lake, the Niger flowing west, the Nile north.
^ The Blue Nile and the Atbara are subject to heavy seasonal fluctuations in flow as a result of the seasonal rains of the Ethiopian highlands.- BLUE NILE 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC www.american.edu [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
.^ The river originates from two distinct geographical zones, the basins of the White and Blue Niles.- BLUE NILE 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC www.american.edu [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Bruce, however, acknowledged in his Travels that the Abiad (White Nile) at its confluence with the Blue Nile was the larger river.
^ At this period the discharge of the Blue Nile rises from less than 200 to over 10,000 cub.
.^ An ancient canal conveyed the waters of the Nile to the Red Sea, flowing through the Wadi-t Tumeylat and irrigating with its system of water-channels a large extent of country.- NETBible: Nile 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC net.bible.org [Source type: Original source]
^ The ancient Egyptians, as is apparent from the records on their monuments, were acquainted with the main stream as far south as the junction of the White and Blue Niles.
^ Ethiopia refused once again to participate, limiting the scope of the survey's information-gathering to only areas which contribute 15% of the Nile's flow at Aswan.- BLUE NILE 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC www.american.edu [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
.^ The Blue Nile, or Abai as it is called in Abyssinia, rises in the Gojam highlands in 11 ° N. and 37° E., and flowing northwards 70 m.
^ Nile issues from the lake between cliffs 200 and more ft.
^ At this period the discharge of the Blue Nile rises from less than 200 to over 10,000 cub.
.^ At this period the discharge of the Blue Nile rises from less than 200 to over 10,000 cub.
^ By August the river in lower Egypt is full of dark red-brown sediment brought down by the Blue Nile and the Atbara from the plateaus of Abyssinia.
^ The Blue Nile, at its confluence at Khartum, begins to rise in June and is in flood from July to October; the Atbara is also in flood during the same months.
Before the placement of dams on the river the yearly discharge varied by a factor of 15 at Aswan.
.^ From this point the natural road to Palestine would have been along the caravan route on the neck of land referred to above as now about 50 ft.- NETBible: Nile 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC net.bible.org [Source type: Original source]
^ January 2010 December 2009 November 2009 October 2009 September 2009 August 2009 July 2009 June 2009 May 2009 April 2009 March 2009 February 2009 .- NILE – 24/7 Wall St. 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC 247wallst.com [Source type: General]
^ Yes, most cases are contracted in July, August, and early September.- Colorado State University Extension 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC www.ext.colostate.edu [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
Yellow Nile
.^ Likewise nahar mitsrayim, "brook of Egypt," a border stream in no way connected with the Nile, has sometimes been mistaken for that river.- NETBible: Nile 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC net.bible.org [Source type: Original source]
^ Two hundred miles below Khartum - at Ed-Darner - the Nile is joined by the last of its tributary streams - the Atbara or Bahr-el-Aswad (Black river).
^ In the fork of the two rivers stands Khartum ,' the capital of the Anglo-Egyptian Sudan , whilst on the western bank of the White Nile is Omdurman , the former Mandist capital.
8000 to ca. 1000 BCE.
[7] Its remains are known as the
Wadi Howar.
.^ An ancient canal conveyed the waters of the Nile to the Red Sea, flowing through the Wadi-t Tumeylat and irrigating with its system of water-channels a large extent of country.- NETBible: Nile 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC net.bible.org [Source type: Original source]
^ Below Mruli, the fall in the bed levels of the Nile, which up to this point has been comparatively gradual, increases considerably.
^ But the great feature of the Victoria Nile are the Murchison Falls (named by Sir Samuel Baker , their discoverer, after Sir Roderick Murchison , the geologist), situated in 2° 18' N. and 31° 50' E. At this point the river rages furiously through a rockbound pass, and, plunging through a cleft less than 18 ft.
Lost headwaters
.^ The mild symptoms of West Nile fever may last about a week, while the severe symptoms of West Nile encephalitis may last two weeks or longer.- Colorado State University Extension 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC www.ext.colostate.edu [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Arab writers of the 12th and 13th centuries make mention of the great lakes, and their reports served to revive the interest of Europe in the problem of the Nile.
^ About the same time Dalion, a Greek, is believed to have ascended the White Nile.
History
Reconstruction of the
Oikoumene (inhabited world), an ancient map based on
Herodotus' description of the world, circa 450 BCE.
.^ However, persons over the age of 50 are most at risk of developing the severe symptoms of West Nile encephalitis.- Colorado State University Extension 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC www.ext.colostate.edu [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ The ancient Egyptians, as is apparent from the records on their monuments, were acquainted with the main stream as far south as the junction of the White and Blue Niles.
^ The wide valley which the Nile enters at Gondokoro slopes so gradually towards the north that the river falls only some 182 ft.
Climate change at the end of the most recent
ice age led to the formation the
Sahara desert, possibly as long ago as 3400 BC.
The Eonile
.^ The Blue Nile rises in the highlands of Abyssinia, latitude 12 degree 30' North, long.- NETBible: Nile 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC net.bible.org [Source type: Original source]
^ The Celestial Nile A river of North Africa, the great river of Egypt.- NETBible: Nile 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC net.bible.org [Source type: Original source]
.^ How will West Nile virus test results be used?- Colorado State University Extension 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC www.ext.colostate.edu [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ The term West Nile virus is also now popularly used to describe the illness that can result from infection by the virus.- Colorado State University Extension 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC www.ext.colostate.edu [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Test results are used to monitor the activity of West Nile virus and to help decide whether it is necessary to implement mosquito control activities.- Colorado State University Extension 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC www.ext.colostate.edu [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
.^ The land of Kemit , the Black Land later called Aigyptos (Egypt) by the Greeks was, as Herodotus rightly observed, the gift of the Nile.- 'Nile Genesis: the opus of Gerald Massey'. 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC gerald-massey.org.uk [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Posted on: February 23, 2009 – 9:51 am in Analyst Calls , Consumer Goods , Internet , Luxury , Retail , Value Investing , NILE .- NILE – 24/7 Wall St. 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC 247wallst.com [Source type: General]
^ Nile, which is now known as the Bahr-el - Jebel , or Mountain river, flows in a generally northerly direction.
The Eonile transported
clastic sediments to the Mediterranean; several natural gas fields have been discovered within these sediments.
.^ Its surface is 1,292 feet below the surface of the Mediterranean Sea.- NETBible: Nile 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC net.bible.org [Source type: Original source]
^ As the Nile cruiser moves south down the river, stopping at Edfu, Kom Ombo and Aswan, you can take in all the ancient architecture along the way.- Book Nile cruise holidays and Egypt cruises with thomascook.com 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC www.thomascook.com [Source type: News]
^ Below Mruli, the fall in the bed levels of the Nile, which up to this point has been comparatively gradual, increases considerably.
This huge canyon is now full of later sediment, and underwater.
.^ NILE, the longest river of Africa , and second in length of all the rivers of the globe, draining a vast area in north-east Africa, from the East African lake plateau to the shores of the Mediterranean.
The Nile was much longer at that time, with its furthest headwaters in northern
Zambia.
The integrated Nile
.^ There are two reports of laboratory workers contracting the illness while handling West Nile virus-positive specimens.- Colorado State University Extension 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC www.ext.colostate.edu [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
.^ Nile, as the one river of Egypt, including its collateral trenches; also the Tigris, as the main river of Assyria:-brook, flood, river, stream.- NETBible: Nile 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC net.bible.org [Source type: Original source]
^ Likewise nahar mitsrayim, "brook of Egypt," a border stream in no way connected with the Nile, has sometimes been mistaken for that river.- NETBible: Nile 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC net.bible.org [Source type: Original source]
^ Shihor or Sihor = "dark" 1) a river or canal on east border of Egypt and a branch of the Nile 7883 Shiychowr shee-khore' .- NETBible: Nile 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC net.bible.org [Source type: Original source]
[8] .^ Three chief branches unite to form the Kagera, and of these the most important for the volume of water carried is said to be the Nyavarongo.
^ The kinds expected to be important in transmission of West Nile virus are most active during July and August.- Colorado State University Extension 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC www.ext.colostate.edu [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Here they continue to this day, for the most part still entirely above the waters of the inundation--and usually above the reach of the infiltration.- NETBible: Nile 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC net.bible.org [Source type: Original source]
.^ The united stream preserves, however, the name of Atbara, and at its confluence with the Nile has a breadth in flood time of over 600 yds.
^ The " great river " was also a frequent name for 'the main stream, and this became the usual name of the Nile in late times as Ier-`o and continued in use amongst the Copts .
^ Between 1625 (the date of Lobo's visit) and 1770, some attempts were made by French and other travellers to explore the Blue Nile, but they ended in failure.
[9]
.^ One of the similar stocks that Rapuano rode up was Blue Nile Inc.- NILE – 24/7 Wall St. 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC 247wallst.com [Source type: General]
^ There have been many changes in the branches and canals from the Nile in the Delta, and this one with many others has been lost altogether; but there is a tradition among the Bedouin of Wady el-`Arish to this day that once a branch of the Nile came over to that point.- NETBible: Nile 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC net.bible.org [Source type: Original source]
^ By August the river in lower Egypt is full of dark red-brown sediment brought down by the Blue Nile and the Atbara from the plateaus of Abyssinia.
[10] .^ The south-eastern limits of the Nile basin extend nearly to the western escarpment of the eastern Rift valley - the dividing plateau being a narrow one.
This rift is possibly still active, with reported tectonic activity in its northern and southern boundaries. The
Sudd swamps which form the central part of the basin may still be subsiding.
.^ Ripon Falls, in 15° 37' N., the White Nile is joined by its greatest eastern confluent the Bahr-el-Azrak or Blue Nile.
^ The exploration of the Bahr-el-Ghazal by John Petherick , Miss Tinne and her companions, and others followed the opening up of the White Nile (see Bahr-El-Ghazal ).
^ White Nile itself, which is only about 800 cub.
.^ By August the river in lower Egypt is full of dark red-brown sediment brought down by the Blue Nile and the Atbara from the plateaus of Abyssinia.
.^ The banks have risen higher and higher and extended farther and farther back by the deposit of the sediment, until the valley of arable land varies in width in most parts from 3 or 4 miles to 9 or 10 miles.- NETBible: Nile 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC net.bible.org [Source type: Original source]
^ The virus usually does not build up to high enough levels to be picked up by further mosquitoes, except in birds.- Colorado State University Extension 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC www.ext.colostate.edu [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
.^ The Infiltration: The ancient Egyptians were right in calling all the waters of Egypt the Nile, for wherever water is obtained by digging it is simply the Nile percolating through the porous soil.- NETBible: Nile 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC net.bible.org [Source type: Original source]
^ The indirect cause is the rain and melting snow on the equatorial mountains in Central Africa, which maintains steadily a great volume of water in the White Nile.- NETBible: Nile 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC net.bible.org [Source type: Original source]
^ The amount of time required for testing and reporting results is variable and depends on the current priorities of the health departments and the pattern of West Nile virus activity.- Colorado State University Extension 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC www.ext.colostate.edu [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
[11] .^ Insect repellents should be applied to clothing and skin while hunting during mosquito season and periods of West Nile virus activity.- Colorado State University Extension 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC www.ext.colostate.edu [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
.^ If so, Osarsiph would have lived 100 years after Akhenaton, the king who instituted the brief period of pharaonic monotheism in Egypt under the aegis of Aton.- 'Nile Genesis: the opus of Gerald Massey'. 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC gerald-massey.org.uk [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ The great peculiarity of the river is its annual overflow, caused by the periodical tropical rains.- NETBible: Nile 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC net.bible.org [Source type: Original source]
^ Massey tells us that Chapter 64 of its Ritual dates back some 6,000 years ago to the first dynasty reign of K ING S EPTI .- 'Nile Genesis: the opus of Gerald Massey'. 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC gerald-massey.org.uk [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
.^ Blue Nile has suffered a miserable time of it since the highs last year.- NILE – 24/7 Wall St. 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC 247wallst.com [Source type: General]
^ During the first three years of West Nile virus in the United States most cases of infected birds involved American crows.- Colorado State University Extension 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC www.ext.colostate.edu [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Additional communities may be treated during a bad mosquito year or if West Nile virus or other mosquito borne illnesses are active.- Colorado State University Extension 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC www.ext.colostate.edu [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
.^ White Nile, and which in honour of the queen of England he named Victoria Nyanza.
^ Nile, which is now known as the Bahr-el - Jebel , or Mountain river, flows in a generally northerly direction.
^ The ancient Egyptians, as is apparent from the records on their monuments, were acquainted with the main stream as far south as the junction of the White and Blue Niles.
Role in the founding of Egyptian civilization
.^ Thus "Egypt is the gift of the Nile."- NETBible: Nile 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC net.bible.org [Source type: Original source]
^ The Blue Nile rises in the mountains of Abyssinia and is the chief source of the deposit which the Nile brings to Egypt.- NETBible: Nile 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC net.bible.org [Source type: Original source]
^ The land of Kemit , the Black Land later called Aigyptos (Egypt) by the Greeks was, as Herodotus rightly observed, the gift of the Nile.- 'Nile Genesis: the opus of Gerald Massey'. 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC gerald-massey.org.uk [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
.^ The Location of Temples: Some of the early temples were located near the Nile, probably because of the deification of the river.- NETBible: Nile 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC net.bible.org [Source type: Original source]
^ The Making of Egypt: Cultivable Egypt is altogether the product of the Nile, every particle of the soil having been brought down by the river from the heart of the continent and deposited along the banks and especially in the delta at the mouth of the river.- NETBible: Nile 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC net.bible.org [Source type: Original source]
^ The great peculiarity of the river is its annual overflow, caused by the periodical tropical rains.- NETBible: Nile 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC net.bible.org [Source type: Original source]
.^ The Infiltration: The ancient Egyptians were right in calling all the waters of Egypt the Nile, for wherever water is obtained by digging it is simply the Nile percolating through the porous soil.- NETBible: Nile 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC net.bible.org [Source type: Original source]
Flax was grown, mostly for trade. Wheat was also traded; it was a crucial crop in the Middle East where famine was very common. This trading system secured the diplomatic relationship Egypt had with other countries, and contributed to Egypt's economic stability.
.^ Though solar, by virtue of his Sethian character, Aton represented the ancient Mother-and-Son religious system dating back to pre-dynastic times.- 'Nile Genesis: the opus of Gerald Massey'. 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC gerald-massey.org.uk [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ The current of the Nile is clearly discernible along the western shore of this lake, which is 3514 ft.
^ Seventy miles below the Ripon Falls the Nile enters a marshy lake of irregular outline, running mainly east and west, and known as Kioga (or Choga).
The Nile’s water attracted game such as
water buffalo; and after the Persians introduced them in the 7th century BC,
camels. These animals were killed for meat, and were captured, tamed and used for ploughing — or in the camels' case, travelling. Water was vital to both people and livestock. The Nile was also a convenient and efficient means of transportation for people and goods.
.^ The Infiltration: The ancient Egyptians were right in calling all the waters of Egypt the Nile, for wherever water is obtained by digging it is simply the Nile percolating through the porous soil.- NETBible: Nile 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC net.bible.org [Source type: Original source]
^ The ancient Egyptians, as is apparent from the records on their monuments, were acquainted with the main stream as far south as the junction of the White and Blue Niles.
^ Explored in part by Egyptian government expeditions, the upper Nile as far south as Albert Nyanza became subject, between 1840 and 1882, to Egypt.
.^ One of the gods of the Egyptian pantheon was Hapi, the Nile.- NETBible: Nile 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC net.bible.org [Source type: Original source]
^ The united stream preserves, however, the name of Atbara, and at its confluence with the Nile has a breadth in flood time of over 600 yds.
^ Commentators have thought Shihor in this case to be a name for the Nile.- NETBible: Nile 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC net.bible.org [Source type: Original source]
The Nile was considered to be a causeway from life to death and the afterlife.
.^ In early times it divided the honors with Ra, the sun-god.- NETBible: Nile 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC net.bible.org [Source type: Original source]
^ J ESUS is said to resurrect from his death on the cross and ascend to his father in heaven.- 'Nile Genesis: the opus of Gerald Massey'. 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC gerald-massey.org.uk [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
.^ The Nile as a God: If the Egyptians set out to worship Nature-gods at all, surely then the sun and the Nile first.- NETBible: Nile 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC net.bible.org [Source type: Original source]
^ If local health officials decide to spray, this means that they have decided that the healths risks from West Nile virus or other mosquito borne illness outweigh the risk from exposure to the insecticide.- Colorado State University Extension 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC www.ext.colostate.edu [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Do all mosquitoes transmit West Nile virus?- Colorado State University Extension 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC www.ext.colostate.edu [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
The search for the source of the Nile
.^ This work was efficiently done by Ismail Ayub Pasha, and the White Nile was clear for large vessels when Gordon reached Khartum in 1874.
^ The river did not long remain free, for in 1878 Emin Pasha was unable to ascend the Bahr-el-Jebel from the south on account of sudd.
^ As already stated, the sudd above the Sobat confluence seems to have stopped the Roman centurions sent by the emperor Nero to explore the Nile.
Various expeditions failed to determine the river's
source, thus yielding classical Hellenistic and Roman representations of the river as a male god with his face and head obscured in drapery.
.^ The united stream preserves, however, the name of Atbara, and at its confluence with the Nile has a breadth in flood time of over 600 yds.
^ NILE - nil (Neilos, meaning not certainly known; perhaps refers to the color of the water, as black or blue.- NETBible: Nile 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC net.bible.org [Source type: Original source]
^ The Blue Nile, at its confluence at Khartum, begins to rise in June and is in flood from July to October; the Atbara is also in flood during the same months.
.^ From two separate inner African lakes Lake Tana in Ethiopia, source of the Blue Nile, and Lake Victoria in Uganda, source of the White Nile two riverine arteries converged at modern Khartoum to form the mainstream Nile that brought mud and silt with annual regularity to the northeast African country of Kemit bounded by the Mediterranean on the north, the Red Sea on the east, and the Sahara Desert of the west.- 'Nile Genesis: the opus of Gerald Massey'. 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC gerald-massey.org.uk [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ The Blue Nile rises in the mountains of Abyssinia and is the chief source of the deposit which the Nile brings to Egypt.- NETBible: Nile 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC net.bible.org [Source type: Original source]
^ It consists of two rivers, the White Nile, which takes its rise in the Victoria Nyanza, and the Blue Nile, which rises in the Abyssinian Mountains.- NETBible: Nile 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC net.bible.org [Source type: Original source]
.^ Between 1625 (the date of Lobo's visit) and 1770, some attempts were made by French and other travellers to explore the Blue Nile, but they ended in failure.
^ In the last-named year James Bruce reached Abyssinia, and in November 1772 he arrived in Egypt, having visited the source of the Blue Nile and followed it, in the main, to its confluence with the White Nile.
^ It was not, however, till the 17th century that the sources of the Blue Nile were visited by Europeans.
.^ Outside the Gospels, there is no authentic reference to the man Jesus and his supposed history as portrayed by the Gospels by any contemporary commentator until the 2nd century.- 'Nile Genesis: the opus of Gerald Massey'. 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC gerald-massey.org.uk [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ He managed to get some of his early poems published in small journals and he continued to publish poetry until the end of his life.- 'Nile Genesis: the opus of Gerald Massey'. 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC gerald-massey.org.uk [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
The work is a long and vivid account of Ethiopia.
.^ The present author began reading Masseys works in 1971 and, after 1981, wrote several review articles on the Masseyan opus.- 'Nile Genesis: the opus of Gerald Massey'. 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC gerald-massey.org.uk [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
.^ It was not, however, till the 17th century that the sources of the Blue Nile were visited by Europeans.
.^ Between 1625 (the date of Lobo's visit) and 1770, some attempts were made by French and other travellers to explore the Blue Nile, but they ended in failure.
^ The Blue Nile rises in the mountains of Abyssinia and is the chief source of the deposit which the Nile brings to Egypt.- NETBible: Nile 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC net.bible.org [Source type: Original source]
^ They appear also to have known 'the Blue Nile up to its source and the White Nile as far south as the Bahr-el-Ghazal confluence.
His account is also utilized by Balthazar Telles.
The White Nile was even less understood, and the ancients mistakenly believed that the
Niger River represented the upper reaches of the White Nile; for example,
Pliny the Elder wrote that the Nile had its origins "in a mountain of lower
Mauretania", flowed above ground for "many days" distance, then went underground, reappeared as a large lake in the territories of the
Masaesyli, then sank again below the desert to flow underground "for a distance of 20 days' journey till it reaches the nearest Ethiopians."
[12] A merchant named Diogenes reported the Nile's water attracted game such as water buffalo.
.^ In spite of great difficulties he made his way to Uganda , on the north-west of Victoria Nyanza, and (without exploring the lake) succeeded in reaching its outlet.
^ The White Nile, the principal branch of the North, rises in Victoria Nyanza, a great lake in Central Africa, a few miles North of the equator, long.- NETBible: Nile 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC net.bible.org [Source type: Original source]
^ Captain (Sir Richard) Burton and Speke had gone inland from Zanzibar to investigate the reports concerning the vast lake which Rebmann and Krapf had called the Sea of Unyamwezi.
.^ White Nile, and which in honour of the queen of England he named Victoria Nyanza.
^ The united stream preserves, however, the name of Atbara, and at its confluence with the Nile has a breadth in flood time of over 600 yds.
^ [See the special article] Any great collection of waters, as the river Nile ( Isaiah 19:5 ) and the Euphrates.- NETBible: Nile 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC net.bible.org [Source type: Original source]
.^ The question of the sources of the Nile opens up a time-honoured controversy (see under Story of Discovery below).
^ E., following the crest of the hills which dominate the north-eastern shores of Lake Tanganyika and the eastern shores of Lake Kivu .
^ Captain (Sir Richard) Burton and Speke had gone inland from Zanzibar to investigate the reports concerning the vast lake which Rebmann and Krapf had called the Sea of Unyamwezi.
.^ Secretariat a great horse could run all day wheras his father, Bold Ruler, had a great deal of trouble beyond a mile and an eighth.- Pioneerof the Nile | Kentucky Derby 135 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC www.kentuckyderby.com [Source type: Original source]
The well known British explorer and missionary
David Livingstone failed in his attempt to verify Speke's discovery, instead pushing too far west and entering the
Congo River system instead.
.^ In spite of great difficulties he made his way to Uganda , on the north-west of Victoria Nyanza, and (without exploring the lake) succeeded in reaching its outlet.
^ Stanley, in 1875, circumnavigated Victoria Nyanza, setting at rest the doubt thrown on Speke's statement that it was a huge sheet of water,' but proving Speke mistaken in believing the nyanza to have more than one outlet.
^ To what they referred when they reported a great mass of water falling from between two rocks is not so readily determined.
European involvement in Egypt goes back to the time of Napoleon. The Laird Shipyard of Liverpool sent an iron steamer to the Nile in the 1830s.
.^ Shihor or Sihor = "dark" 1) a river or canal on east border of Egypt and a branch of the Nile 7883 Shiychowr shee-khore' .- NETBible: Nile 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC net.bible.org [Source type: Original source]
^ The line of this branch of the Nile overflow was in early times used for a canal, which has recently been opened to furnish fresh water to Suez, and the depression is followed by the railroad.- NETBible: Nile 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC net.bible.org [Source type: Original source]
.^ The Blue Nile is navigable for steamers during flood time from its confluence at Khartum to Roseires at the foot of the Abyssinian hills, a distance of 426 m.
.^ From this point northward the river has built up a delta of 140 miles on each side, over which it spreads itself and empties into the sea through its many mouths.- NETBible: Nile 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC net.bible.org [Source type: Original source]
After this came regular steam navigation of the river.
.^ His idea in this disposition of his Force was, first to secure the Victory, and then to make the most of it, according to future circumstances.
^ The first volume of A Book of the Beginnings was devoted primarily to tracing the origins of the culture, language, and religion of the British Celts to Kam(t), i.e., Egypt, and Africa.- 'Nile Genesis: the opus of Gerald Massey'. 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC gerald-massey.org.uk [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ The rising of the surface of the land, and at the same time of the bed of the river, from the inundation lifted both Egypt and its great river, but left the temples down at the old level.- NETBible: Nile 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC net.bible.org [Source type: Original source]
Steam navigation remained integral to the two countries as late as 1962—Sudan steamer traffic was a lifeline as few railways or roads were built to that country. Most paddle steamers have been retired to shorefront service, but modern diesel tourist boats remain on the river.
The modern era
The Nile passes through Cairo, Egypt's capital city
.^ At eight o'clock the strange Ship (still continuing to have the good fortune of the wind) had approached us within a long random shot, and had Neapolitan Colours .
.^ The Admiral knew that the Enemy had sailed with a N. W. wind, which naturally led him to conclude that their course was up the Mediterranean.
.^ Thus the Land of Kemit was born of and renewed yearly by the Nile wellsprings in the womb of Africa so that it might live and tell Africas story.- 'Nile Genesis: the opus of Gerald Massey'. 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC gerald-massey.org.uk [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Thus at length the riddle of the Nile was read, though much was still to do in the matter of scientific survey, and in the exploration of the valley of the Sobat (q.v.
^ A thousand years of history would be quite sufficient to teach Egyptians that the Nile was still making Egypt.- NETBible: Nile 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC net.bible.org [Source type: Original source]
.^ Aswan Aswan sits on the eastern bank of the Nile and is a relaxed city, famed for its sunshine, beautiful scenery and distinctly Egyptian atmosphere.- Book cheap holidays and Nile Cruises and find holiday deals 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC www.thomascook.com [Source type: General]
^ In the fork of the two rivers stands Khartum ,' the capital of the Anglo-Egyptian Sudan , whilst on the western bank of the White Nile is Omdurman , the former Mandist capital.
^ Without the Nile flood, Egypt would not exist; not surprisingly, the Nile itself was deified by the people who created the pharaonic civilization along its northern banks.- 'Nile Genesis: the opus of Gerald Massey'. 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC gerald-massey.org.uk [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
.^ Nile, which is now known as the Bahr-el - Jebel , or Mountain river, flows in a generally northerly direction.
^ Reduced to its simplest expression, the Nile system may be said to consist of a great steady flowing river fed by the rains of the tropics, controlled by the existence of a vast head reservoir and several areas of repose, and annually flooded by the accession of a great body of water with which its eastern tributaries are flushed.
^ They paddled up the lake to the point where a large river coming from the east poured its waters into the lake.
.^ At Cairo the 1 In ancient times the delta was watered by seven branches; five of these branches are now canals not always navigable.
[13]
Cities on the Nile include Khartoum, Aswan,
Luxor (
Thebes), and the
Giza –
Cairo conurbation.
.^ The mouth of the river, after the last elevation of the land in Pluvial times, was at first not far from the latitude of Cairo.- NETBible: Nile 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC net.bible.org [Source type: Original source]
^ That first met with on descending the river from Khartum is the 6th (or Shabluka) cataract.
^ From the First Cataract, at Syene, the river flows smoothly at the rate of two or three miles an hour with a width of half a mile.- NETBible: Nile 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC net.bible.org [Source type: Original source]
.^ The general result of the work carried on from the north was that by 1858 the Nile system was known as far south as the rapids at Bedden.
^ NILE, the longest river of Africa , and second in length of all the rivers of the globe, draining a vast area in north-east Africa, from the East African lake plateau to the shores of the Mediterranean.
^ The wide valley which the Nile enters at Gondokoro slopes so gradually towards the north that the river falls only some 182 ft.
.^ Edfu and Kom Ombo Further south towards Aswan is the Edfu Temple.- Book cheap holidays and Nile Cruises and find holiday deals 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC www.thomascook.com [Source type: General]
^ A cruise is the perfect way to see the wonders of the River Nile and to explore the many ancient monuments and fascinating sights along the way.- Book cheap holidays and Nile Cruises and find holiday deals 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC www.thomascook.com [Source type: General]
.^ After the Victory had been secured in the Van, such British Ships as were in a condition to move, had gone down upon the fresh Ships of the Enemy, which occasioned these renewals of the fight, all of which terminated with the same happy success in favour of our Flag.
^ Malathion is an insecticide that has been used for many years to fog for mosquito adults, as well as to control a number of other pest insects.- Colorado State University Extension 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC www.ext.colostate.edu [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
.^ A north wind would have blown the water from the Bitter Lakes southward, and owing to the quantity of water impounded would have increased the depth of the water in the narrow passage from the southern end of Suez.- NETBible: Nile 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC net.bible.org [Source type: Original source]
.^ The line of this branch of the Nile overflow was in early times used for a canal, which has recently been opened to furnish fresh water to Suez, and the depression is followed by the railroad.- NETBible: Nile 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC net.bible.org [Source type: Original source]
.^ Cases of West Nile virus have been found in Africa, Europe, west and Central Asia, and the Middle East.- Colorado State University Extension 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC www.ext.colostate.edu [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Shihor or Sihor = "dark" 1) a river or canal on east border of Egypt and a branch of the Nile 7883 Shiychowr shee-khore' .- NETBible: Nile 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC net.bible.org [Source type: Original source]
^ Immediately below Dufile the Kuku mountains on the west and the Arju range on the east close in upon the river, which, from an average width of 700 yds., narrows to 230 yds.
.^ An ancient canal conveyed the waters of the Nile to the Red Sea, flowing through the Wadi-t Tumeylat and irrigating with its system of water-channels a large extent of country.- NETBible: Nile 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC net.bible.org [Source type: Original source]
^ The Nile is also the principal river included in the phrase nahare kush, "rivers of Ethiopia" ( Isa 18:1 ).- NETBible: Nile 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC net.bible.org [Source type: Original source]
^ The source of the Ruvuvu is in about 2° 55' S., 291° E., but its most southern tributary, and the most distant stream sending its waters towards the Nile, is the Lavironza.
.^ The Guder, with a south to north course, rises in the mountains which form the watershed between the Nile and the Lake Rudolf basin.
[14] However, many still feel the Egyptian domination of the waters causes economic obstacles in the area.
Modern achievements and exploration
.^ The ancient Egyptians, as is apparent from the records on their monuments, were acquainted with the main stream as far south as the junction of the White and Blue Niles.
^ To Bruce, nevertheless, belongs the honour of being the first white man to trace the Blue Nile to its confluence with the White Nile.
^ Khartum, being the first white man to do so since the 1st century A.D. Then followed three Egyptian expeditions sent in 1839-41 and 1842 by Mehemet Ali up the White Nile.
.^ At the beginning of the delta the Nile separates into two channels, the Rosetta and the Damietta , which join the Mediterranean at its south-east angle.
National Geographic released a feature film about the expedition in late 2005 entitled
The Longest River.
.^ From two separate inner African lakes Lake Tana in Ethiopia, source of the Blue Nile, and Lake Victoria in Uganda, source of the White Nile two riverine arteries converged at modern Khartoum to form the mainstream Nile that brought mud and silt with annual regularity to the northeast African country of Kemit bounded by the Mediterranean on the north, the Red Sea on the east, and the Sahara Desert of the west.- 'Nile Genesis: the opus of Gerald Massey'. 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC gerald-massey.org.uk [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ By August the river in lower Egypt is full of dark red-brown sediment brought down by the Blue Nile and the Atbara from the plateaus of Abyssinia.
^ To Bruce, nevertheless, belongs the honour of being the first white man to trace the Blue Nile to its confluence with the White Nile.
.^ When the number of infected birds and mosquitoes reaches a certain level then transmission to other animals, including humans and horses, occurs.- Colorado State University Extension 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC www.ext.colostate.edu [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ At some point the number of infected mosquitoes becomes great enough that transmission to other animals, including horses and humans, starts to occur.- Colorado State University Extension 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC www.ext.colostate.edu [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ When the number of infected birds and mosquitoes reach a certain level then transmission of the virus to other animals, including humans and horses, starts to occur.- Colorado State University Extension 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC www.ext.colostate.edu [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
They chronicled their adventure with an
IMAX camera and two handheld video cams, sharing their story in the IMAX film
Mystery of the Nile and in a book of the same title.
.^ Mediterranean shore in the Pluvial times, the river was very much shortened.- NETBible: Nile 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC net.bible.org [Source type: Original source]
^ The water in the Victoria Nyanza begins to rise in January, the rise becomes marked in June, is at its height in July, the level of the water reaching its lowest at the end of November.
^ Kaffir festival of female puberty, it was the woman-nature that made the primaeval revelation, and was the first teller of time; the demonstrator of periodicity in its most attractive and most mystical aspect.- 'Nile Genesis: the opus of Gerald Massey'. 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC gerald-massey.org.uk [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
.^ Eratosthenes was the first writer to hint at equatorial lakes as the sources of the river.
^ The " great river " was also a frequent name for 'the main stream, and this became the usual name of the Nile in late times as Ier-`o and continued in use amongst the Copts .
^ Gerald Massey became (and still is) one of the most important and essential resources in the African-centered scholarly re-examination that ensued.- 'Nile Genesis: the opus of Gerald Massey'. 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC gerald-massey.org.uk [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
Crossings
Crossings from Khartoum to the Mediterranean Sea
- Aswan Bridge, [[Aswan]
- Luxor Bridge, Luxor
- Suhag Bridge, Suhag
- Assiut Bridge, Assiut
- Al Minya Bridge, Minya
- Al Marazeek Bridge, Helwan
- First Ring Road Bridge (Moneeb Crossing), Cairo
- Abbas Bridge, Cairo
- University Bridge, Cairo
- Qasr El Nile Bridge, Cairo
- 6th of October Bridge, Cairo
- Abu El Ela Bridge, Cairo (removed)
- New Abu El Ela Bridge, Cairo
- Imbaba Bridge, Cairo
- Rod Elfarag Bridge, Cairo
- Second Ring Road Bridge, Cairo
-
This list is incomplete; you can help by expanding it.
-
This list is incomplete; you can help by expanding it.
Images of the Nile
Riverboat on the Nile, Egypt 1900
|
View of the Nile from a cruiseboat, between Luxor and Aswan in Egypt
|
A dhow traversing the Nile near Aswan
|
A boat in the Nile zamalek area, Cairo.
|
|
|
A river boat crossing the Nile in Uganda
|
The Great Bend of the Nile in Sudan, looking north across the Sahara Desert
|
Media
River and mountain scenery on the Nile
|
People living on the banks of the Nile
|
See also
References
- ^ River Encarta (Accessed 3 October 2006). Archived 2009-11-01.
- ^ What did the ancient Egyptians call the Nile river? Open Egyptology. (Accessed 17 October 2006)
- ^ EarthTrends: The Environmental Information Portal
- ^ Shahin, Mamdouh (2002). Hydrology and Water Resources of Africa. Springer. pp. 276, 287–288. ISBN 140200866X. ; online at Google Books
- ^ "Sobat River". Encyclopædia Britannica Online Library Edition. Encyclopædia Britannica. http://www.library.eb.com/eb/article-9068426. Retrieved 2008-01-21.
- ^ Marshall et al., Late Pleistocene and Holocene environmental and climatic change from Lake Tana, source of the Blue NilePDF (247 KiB), 2006
- ^ Keding, B (2000). "New data on the Holocene occupation of the Wadi Howar region (Eastern Sahara/Sudan)." Studies in African Archaeology 7, 89–104.
- ^ Said, R. (1981). The geological evolution of the River Nile. Springer Verlag.
- ^ Williams, M.A.J. and Williams, F. (1980). Evolution of Nile Basin. In M.A.J. Williams and H. Faure (eds), The Sahara and the Nile. Balkema, Rotterdam, pp 207–224.
- ^ Salama, R.B. (1987). "The evolution of the River Nile, The buried saline rift lakes in Sudan". J. African Earth Sciences 6 (6): 899–913. doi:10.1016/0899-5362(87)90049-2.
- ^ Salama, R.B. (1997). Rift Basins of Sudan. African Basins, Sedimentary Basins of the World. 3. Edited by R.C. Selley (Series Editor K.J. Hsu) p. 105–149. ElSevier, Amsterdam.
- ^ Natural History, 5.10
- ^ Shahin, Mamdouh (2002). Hydrology and Water Resources of Africa. Springer. pp. 286–287. ISBN 140200866X. ; online at Google Books
- ^ The Nile Basin Initiative
Annotated bibliography
.^ The exploration of the Bahr-el-Ghazal by John Petherick , Miss Tinne and her companions, and others followed the opening up of the White Nile (see Bahr-El-Ghazal ).
1600s
- Historia da Ethiopia, Pedro Páez (aka Pero Pais), Portugal, 1620
- A Jesuit missionary who was sent from .^ To Bruce, nevertheless, belongs the honour of being the first white man to trace the Blue Nile to its confluence with the White Nile.
^ The direct cause is torrential rains in the highlands of Abyssinia which send down the Blue Nile a sudden great increase in the volume of water.- NETBible: Nile 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC net.bible.org [Source type: Original source]
^ The Blue Nile rises in the mountains of Abyssinia and is the chief source of the deposit which the Nile brings to Egypt.- NETBible: Nile 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC net.bible.org [Source type: Original source]
- Voyage historique d'Abissinie, Jerónimo Lobo (aka Girolamo Lobo), Piero Matini, Firenze; 1693
- One of the most important and earliest sources on Ethiopia and the Nile. Jerónimo Lobo (1595-1687), a .^ Thence they travelled down the Nile to Gondokoro, reached on the 15th of February 1863.
^ Between 1625 (the date of Lobo's visit) and 1770, some attempts were made by French and other travellers to explore the Blue Nile, but they ended in failure.
^ In the last-named year James Bruce reached Abyssinia, and in November 1772 he arrived in Egypt, having visited the source of the Blue Nile and followed it, in the main, to its confluence with the White Nile.
When the Jesuits were expelled from the country, he too had to leave and did so via Massaua and Suakin. "He was the best expert on Ethiopian matters. .^ Between 1625 (the date of Lobo's visit) and 1770, some attempts were made by French and other travellers to explore the Blue Nile, but they ended in failure.
^ The Blue Nile rises in the mountains of Abyssinia and is the chief source of the deposit which the Nile brings to Egypt.- NETBible: Nile 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC net.bible.org [Source type: Original source]
^ At this period the discharge of the Blue Nile rises from less than 200 to over 10,000 cub.
from Henze).
1700s
.^ Between 1625 (the date of Lobo's visit) and 1770, some attempts were made by French and other travellers to explore the Blue Nile, but they ended in failure.
^ In the last-named year James Bruce reached Abyssinia, and in November 1772 he arrived in Egypt, having visited the source of the Blue Nile and followed it, in the main, to its confluence with the White Nile.
^ Bruce, however, acknowledged in his Travels that the Abiad (White Nile) at its confluence with the Blue Nile was the larger river.
J. Ruthven for G. GJ. and J. Robinson et al., Edinburgh, 1790 (5 Volumes)
- With time on his hands and at the urging of a friend, Bruce composed this account of his travels on the African continent, including comments on the history and religion of Egypt, an account of Indian trade, a history of Abyssinia, and other material. .^ Victory so great, and at a moment of such seeming confusion."
"The result of his travels was a very great enrichment of the knowledge of geography and ethnography" (Cox II, p. .^ The south-eastern limits of the Nile basin extend nearly to the western escarpment of the eastern Rift valley - the dividing plateau being a narrow one.
^ (The rivers which enter Albert Edward and Albert Nyanzas and, with those lakes, form the western sources of the Nile, are dealt with under Albert Nyanza and Albert Edward Nyanza .
.^ The White Nile is the larger branch.- NETBible: Nile 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC net.bible.org [Source type: Original source]
^ They appear also to have known 'the Blue Nile up to its source and the White Nile as far south as the Bahr-el-Ghazal confluence.
^ This work was efficiently done by Ismail Ayub Pasha, and the White Nile was clear for large vessels when Gordon reached Khartum in 1874.
The account of his travels was written twelve years after his journey and without reference to his journals, which gave critics grounds for disbelief, but the substantial accuracy of the book has since been amply demonstrated.
1800-1850
- St. John traveled extensively in Egypt and Nubia in 1832-33, mainly on foot. He gives a very interesting picture of Egyptian life and politics under Mohammed Ali, a large part of volume II deals with the Egyptian campaign in Syria.
.
- Travels in Ethiopia Above the Second Cateract of the Nile; Exhibiting the State of That Country and Its Various Inhabitants Under the Dominion of Mohammed Ali; and Illustrating the Antiquities, Arts, and History of the Ancient Kingdom of Meroe, G.A.Hoskins.^ An ancient canal conveyed the waters of the Nile to the Red Sea, flowing through the Wadi-t Tumeylat and irrigating with its system of water-channels a large extent of country.
- NETBible: Nile 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC net.bible.org [Source type: Original source]
^ The country comprised between the Nile proper, the Atbara and the Blue Nile is identified with the island of Meroe of ancient history.
Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown, Green, & Longman, London; 1835.
- Modern Egypt and Thebes: Being a Description of Egypt; Including Information Required for Travellers in That Country, Sir Gardner Wilkinson, John Murray, London, 1843
- The first known English travelers guide to the Lower Nile Basin.
1850-1900
.^ The question of the sources of the Nile opens up a time-honoured controversy (see under Story of Discovery below).
^ Captain (Sir Richard) Burton and Speke had gone inland from Zanzibar to investigate the reports concerning the vast lake which Rebmann and Krapf had called the Sea of Unyamwezi.
^ Nero despatched two centurions on an expedition for the express purpose of exploring the Nile, and Seneca states that they reached a marshy impassable region, which may be easily identified with the country of the White Nile above the mouth of the Sobat.
W. Clowes , London; 1860
- Sir Richard Burton's presentation of his expedition with John Speke. Ultimately, Burton's view of the sources of the Nile failed and Speke's prevailed.
- Travels, researches, and missionary labours, during eighteen years' residence in eastern Africa. Together with journeys to Jagga, Usambara, Ukambani, Shoa, Abessinia, and Khartum; and a coasting voyage from Mombaz to Cape Delgado. .^ The indirect cause is the rain and melting snow on the equatorial mountains in Central Africa, which maintains steadily a great volume of water in the White Nile.
- NETBible: Nile 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC net.bible.org [Source type: Original source]
^ The Blue Nile rises in the mountains of Abyssinia and is the chief source of the deposit which the Nile brings to Egypt.- NETBible: Nile 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC net.bible.org [Source type: Original source]
^ A merchant named Diogenes returning (about A.D. 50) from the east coast of Africa told a Syrian geographer, Marinus of Tyre , that journeying inland for twentyfive days he reached the neighbourhood of two great lakes and a range of snow mountains whence the Nile drew its sources.
etc., Rev Dr. J. Krapf, Trubner and Co, London; 1860; Tickner & Fields, Boston; 1860
- Krapf went to East Africa in the service of the English Church Missionary Society, arriving at .^ There is a published report of West Nile virus isolated from a dog in southern Africa (Botswana) in 1982.
- Update on West Nile Virus, October 2002 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC www.peteducation.com [Source type: Academic]
^ His two southern lakes, he conceived, were fed by the melting of snows on a range of mountains running east and west for upwards of 500 m.
^ NILE, the longest river of Africa , and second in length of all the rivers of the globe, draining a vast area in north-east Africa, from the East African lake plateau to the shores of the Mediterranean.
Krapf, during his travels, collected information from the Arab traders operating inland from the coast. .^ The White Nile, the principal branch of the North, rises in Victoria Nyanza, a great lake in Central Africa, a few miles North of the equator, long.- NETBible: Nile 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC net.bible.org [Source type: Original source]
^ The snow-capped range of Ruwenzori occupies - at least in part - the position assigned to the Mountains of the Moon, with which chain Kilimanjaro and Kenya may also be plausibly identified.
^ His two southern lakes, he conceived, were fed by the melting of snows on a range of mountains running east and west for upwards of 500 m.
However, Krapf was correct and had seen Mounts Kilimanjaro and Kenya, the first European to do so.
.
- Egypt, Soudan and Central Africa: With Explorations From Khartoum on the White Nile to the Regions of the Equator, Being Sketches from Sixteen Years' Travel, John Petherick.^ To Bruce, nevertheless, belongs the honour of being the first white man to trace the Blue Nile to its confluence with the White Nile.
^ The Name 2 Sources of the Nile 3 The Region of Swamps 4 The White Nile 5 The Blue Nile 6 The Atbara 7 Lower River and Delta 8 Hydrography 9 Navigation 10 The Removal of Sudd 11 Authorities .
^ The Celestial Nile A river of North Africa, the great river of Egypt.- NETBible: Nile 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC net.bible.org [Source type: Original source]
William Blackwood, Edinburgh; 1861
- Petherick was a well known Welsh traveler in East Central Africa where he had adopted the profession of mining engineer. This work describes sixteen years of his travel throughout Africa. In 1845 he entered the service of Mehemet Ali, and was employed in examining Upper Egypt, Nubia, the Red Sea coast and Kordofan in an unsuccessful search for coal. .^ A trigonometrical survey of the upper river was begun by Colonel M. G. Talbot , director of Sudan surveys, in 190o, and other surveys were made by Captain H. G. Lyons , director-general of the Egyptian survey department.
^ The rising of the surface of the land, and at the same time of the bed of the river, from the inundation lifted both Egypt and its great river, but left the temples down at the old level.- NETBible: Nile 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC net.bible.org [Source type: Original source]
In 1853 he removed to Khartoum and became an ivory trader. .^ Bahr-el-Ghazal coming from the south-west.
^ The seasonal supply of the Bahr-el-Ghazal does not vary very greatly, the maximum levels occurring in November and December.
^ Between Albert Nyanza and the swamp region the Bahr-el-Jebel is joined by many streams.
Petherick's additions to the knowledge of natural history were considerable, being responsible for the discovery of a number of new species. .^ In his journey he had discovered the Kagera river, now known to be the most remote headstream of the Nile, a fact of which Speke was uncertain, though he recognized that it was the largest river entering the nyanza.
^ Explored in part by Egyptian government expeditions, the upper Nile as far south as Albert Nyanza became subject, between 1840 and 1882, to Egypt.
While in England, Petherick married and published this account of his travels. He got the idea to join Speke in his travels, and in this volume is an actual subscription and list of subscribers to raise money to send Petherick to join Speke. His subsequent adventures as a consul in Africa were published in a later work.
.
- Journal of the Discovery of the Source of the Nile, John Hanning Speke.^ The question of the sources of the Nile opens up a time-honoured controversy (see under Story of Discovery below).
Blackwood, Edinburgh, 1863; Harper & Brothers, New York; 1864
- Speke had previously made an expedition with Sir Richard Burton under the auspices of the Indian government, during which Speke was convinced that he had discovered the source of the Nile. Burton, however, disagreed and ridiculed Speke's account. Speke set off on another expedition, recounted here, in the company of Captain Grant. During the course of this expedition he not only produced further evidence for his discoveries but also met up with Sir .^ At Gondokoro Speke and Grant met Mr (afterwards Sir Samuel) Baker 1 and his wife - a Hungarian lady - who had journeyed thither to afford the explorers help.
The importance of Speke's discoveries can hardly be overestimated. .^ The Nile as a God: If the Egyptians set out to worship Nature-gods at all, surely then the sun and the Nile first.- NETBible: Nile 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC net.bible.org [Source type: Original source]
^ All residents of areas where virus activity has been identified are at risk of getting West Nile encephalitis; persons over 50 years of age have the highest risk of severe disease.- Update on West Nile Virus, October 2002 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC www.peteducation.com [Source type: Academic]
^ West Nile virus has been commonly found in humans and birds and other vertebrates in Africa, Eastern Europe, West Asia, and the Middle East, but until 1999 had not previously been documented in the Western Hemisphere.- Update on West Nile Virus, October 2002 15 January 2010 4:04 UTC www.peteducation.com [Source type: Academic]
External links
Top topics
Wikis
Quiz
Facts
Map
Misc
Search
