From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Nova Friburgo (English: New Fribourg) is a municipality in
the state of Rio de Janeiro in southeastern
Brazil. It is located in the
northern mountainous region of the state, 136 km from its
capital Rio de Janeiro
(city). The town is 846m (2,776 feet) above sea level and
encompasses a total area of 938.5 km² (362.4 mi²).
Commonly referred to as just "Friburgo", the town has an
estimated population of 178,102 people, known as "Friburguenses".
It was settled by 2,006 Swiss emigrants from the canton of
Fribourg, transferred to the region by royal decree from D. João VI in 1818, and was also the first
town in the country to be settled by Germans. It contains the districts of
Riograndina, Campo do Coelho, Amparo, Conselheiro Paulino, Lumiar
and São Pedro da Serra.
History
Center of Nova Friburgo seen from UERJ.
On 16 May 1818, Prince Regent John VI of
Portugal issued a decree allowing the Swiss representative of the
Canton of
Fribourg, Sebastian Nicolau Gachet, to establish a colony in Cantagalo. The purpose of this was to
further encourage development within the Kingdom of Brazil and the area was chosen
as it greatly resembled Swiss climate and geographical features.
100 Swiss families were to settle in the Fazenda do Morro Queimado
(Farm of the Burnt Hill) where the colony of Nova
Friburgo was later founded. From 1819-1820 a total of 261
families formed the original settlement nucleus and on the 17 April
1820 the government elevated its status to that of a village.
Following the Proclamation of
Brazil’s Independence (1822) the Imperial Government continued
a policy of populating the nation by attracting European colonisation. 80 German families led by Pastor
Frederick Sauerbronn, previously assigned to settlements in the
Province of Bahia, ended up in
Nova Friburgo on the 3rd and 4 May 1824 and were warmly welcomed.
Similar arrivals of Italians, Portuguese and a minority of Syrians led to such population
increases that the once village was elevated to city status on 8
January 1890.
Agriculture was
the basis of economic activity until 1910. The arrival of
industrialists such as Julius Arp, Maximilian Falck e William
Peacock Denis pioneered the development of an industrial sector still thriving to the
present day. Of similar importance was the settlement’s relative
proximity to Niteroi and Rio de Janeiro and improvement of
transport and communication links such as the paved roads and telegraphs. This encouraged a small tourist
industry to grow which, together with local commerce, became the
main source of income for Friburguenses.
Demographics
- Total Population: 178,102 people
- Urban: 151,820
- Rural: 21, 501
- Male: 84,248
- Female: 89,073
The population density is 182.56/km²
(472.8/mi²).
Colleges and
universities
- Colégio Anchieta
- Colégio Nossa Senhora das Graças
- Escola Fribourg
- Externato Santa Ignez
- Faculdade de Filosofia Santa Doroteia
- Universidade Federal Fluminense - UFF (Previously FONF)
- Colégio Nossa Senhora das Dores
- Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro - UERJ (Instituto
Politécnico)
- Universidade Estacio de Sá
- Universidade Cândido Mendes – UCAM
- Colégio Nossa Senhora das Mercês
- Colégio Estadual Canadá
Economy and
industry
The city's per capita GDP was of $10.853,00 in 2006.
- Manufacturing/wholesale/retail of female underwear and
lingerie. Friburgo is known as the 'National Capital of Lingerie'
for the size and variety of its production(around R$600 million).
Local brands are beginning to compete in the international market
(exports worth $4.6 million)
- Textile mills
- Metallurgic industries
- Tourism
- Floriculture (second largest producer of flowers in Brazil).
- Service sector, responsible for the majority of the city's
GDP.
Tourism
- The region presents a well diversified combination of
historical sites reflecting the colonization by Swiss and German
immigrants. This coexists with mountains and Atlantic
rainforest.
- On the way to Nova Friburgo through RJ-116 road, your first
contact with the people and with the characteristics of this city
happens when you pass by Mury, an area that precedes by 7 km
the downtown part of Friburgo. Mury plays the role of a welcome mat
as it introduces to the visitor a first contact with the alpine
architecture and environment, under the influence of the immigrants
and present on many houses,hotels and stores, such as Hotels
Bucksy, Garlipp and also at a small shopping center called
MuryShopping,which also happens to house the German restaurant
which serves the largest quantity of beers available in Brazil-
Bräun & Bräun - a perfect recriation of a Swiss-German
environment .
Mury became a sophisticated center for gastronomy in the region
and offers the best German style food, Swiss raclettes, fondues,
and Brazilian style barbecues. Also Mury has the best hand craft
stores, and underwear (lingerie), a trade mark of all this
region.
Moving forward, a detour to RJ 142 provides access to Lumiar and
São Pedro da Serra.
- To facilitate moving around in the area, it is convenient to
obtain information locally on the so-called regional Circuits which
serve as a guide to different visiting/eating/shopping
alternatives.
- In the heart of the most protected environment area, is Macae
de Cima forest. Beautiful mountains and gorjeous views of the Serra
do Mar (Sea Mountains Chain), is an invitation to enjoy the
Atlantic Forest in its natural status.As the second biggest forest
area in the Rio de janeiro state, in Macae de Cima we find the best
nature expression.Also we can see the macae river, raising in the
forest and going to the sea, very far away, on the Rio de Janeiro
coast.
- The rural life of Ponte Branca - walk on the rural properties,
visit the trout tanks, animals and plantations; go fishing on
beautiful rivers, or riding a horse;Everything according rules of
International Institute of Popular Sports ( IVV/IRCODE)
- In the heart of the Macae de Cima Reservation, a part of the
Atlantic Forest, you will find the ideal landscape for walking,
adventures, sports.
- The Cão Sentado (a stone shaped as a seated dog) then, from the
high level of those 1.111 meters, you will be able to see the
yellow, green, blue and red flowers of the trees and plants which
belong to this region.
- Located on the mountains of Macae de Cima Forest (environment
protected area), are the cities of Mury, Lumiar and Sao Pedro.
Distant only four km from each other, and only minutes from Nova
Friburgo, these cities offer you many attractions as waterfalls,
valleys and mountains. During the day, walking, hiking, canoeing,
horse riding through the rivers, valleys, ponds, and rivers
beaches; at night the charming presence of restaurants, and small
shops, inviting you to a relaxing amusement.Sao Pedro city offers
you also valleys and mountains. By car or bus, from the bus
terminal of Nova Friburgo, go to direction the cities of Lumiar and
São Pedro da Serra, 35 km far from the center of Nova
Friburgo.
- Lumiar and São Pedro da Serra are located in the forest of Rio
de Janeiro, around 700 meters high. Weather is very nice in the
summer, and intense cold in the winter. Near the forest of Macaé de
Cima, where Mace river is born, cutting the area of Macaé. This
river is responsible for the big amount of waterfalls in the
region. The tranquility and peace of the veillages of Swiss
colonizing, the nice weather ,forests and waterfalls, are the
ingredients more attractives to take us to these two villages.
- This region began by immigrants occupation, of the Macae river
shores. Lumiar was a farm owned by Portuguese Felipe de Roure, who
named the village Lumiar in honor to his wife Michaella, place
where she was born in Portugal. Lumiar center, park Marchon, places
the old house of this family, today a commercial space.
In Lumiar there are stores restaurants, bars, delikatessen, live
music, hand crafts stores, and the famous trout of the rivers. Next
to the central park is the São sebastian church, built 1901. São
Pedro da Serra, distant 5 km from Lumiar hás its name because
of D pedro II emperor of Brazil. Simple design church, hosts the
famous June party for Saint Sebastian, a famous event to the
region.
- The João Heringer park, and the Rodrigues Alves street are the
center of social life in São Pedro, where everything happens. The
hand crafts done in the “ ateliês”, restaurants, bars, fondues and
chocolats, besides the tranquility of the region attracts people
from every place to these small villages.
Sports
External
links
References
Coordinates: 22°16′S 42°32′W / 22.267°S
42.533°W / -22.267;
-42.533
This is where Romeo Sardou was born, until his departure to
Australia in the 1980s where he Establishment his own company
called RHS Renovations.
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