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Updated live from Wikipedia, last check: June 02, 2012 17:40 UTC (45 seconds ago)

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Sweet Basil
Ocimum basilicum.
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
(unranked): Angiosperms
(unranked): Eudicots
(unranked): Asterids
Order: Lamiales
Family: Lamiaceae
Genus: Ocimum
Species: O. basilicum
Binomial name
Ocimum basilicum
(L.)

Ocimum basilicum, or Sweet Basil, is a culinary herb of major importance. Most culinary and ornamental basils are cultivars of the species Ocimum basilicum, but other species are also grown and there are many hybrids between species. Traditionally a green plant, some varieties, such as 'Purple Delight' are purple. [1]

Contents

Nomenclature and taxonomy

Similar species

List of the cultivars and their nomenclature

Toxicology

A toxicity study against fungi has been conducted by Dube et al. [7], which demonstrated that the plant is of insecticidal potent. Similar researches confirmed recently that the plant is very toxic to mosquitos [4]. However, the plant is safe to rats [2]. Neverthless, further scientific researches should be warranted, since there are no equivalent reports of its use against humans.

Aroma profiles

See also

Notes

  1. ^ Purple Delight
  2. ^ a b Fandohan, P. et al. (2008). "Toxicity and gastric tolerance of essential oils from Cymbopogon citratus, Ocimum gratissimum and Ocimum basilicum in Wistar rats". Food and Chemical Toxicology 46 (7): 2493–2497. doi:10.1016/j.fct.2008.04.006.  
  3. ^ Pessoa, L. M. et al. (2002). "Anthelmintic activity of essential oil of Ocimum gratissimum Linn. and eugenol against Haemonchus contortus". Veterinary Parasitology 109 (1 - 2): 59–63. doi:10.1016/S0304-4017(02)00253-4.  
  4. ^ a b Copetta, Andrea et al. (2006). "Effects of three AM fungi on growth, distribution of glandular hairs, and essential oil production in Ocimum basilicum L. var. Genovese". Mycorrhiza 16 (7): 485–494. doi:10.1007/s00572-006-0065-6.  
  5. ^ Copetta, A. et al.. "THREE ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZAL FUNGI DIFFERENTLY AFFECT GROWTH, DISTRIBUTION OF GLANDULAR TRICHOMES AND ESSENTIAL OIL COMPOSITION IN OCIMUM BASILICUM VAR. GENOVESE". http://www.actahort.org/books/723/723_16.htm. Retrieved 3 July 2009.  
  6. ^ a b Miele, Mariangela et al. (2001). "Methyleugenol in Ocimum basilicum L. Cv. Genovese Gigante". Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 49 (1): 517 – 521. doi:10.1021/jf000865w.  
  7. ^ Dube, S. et al. (1989). "Antifungal, physicochemical, and insect-repelling activity of the essential oil of Ocimum basilicum". http://rparticle.web-p.cisti.nrc.ca/rparticle/AbstractTemplateServlet?calyLang=eng&journal=cjb&volume=67&year=1989&issue=7&msno=b89-264. Retrieved 30 May 2009.  
  8. ^ a b c d e f Johnson, B. Christopher et al. (1999). "Substantial UV-B-mediated induction of essential oils in sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum L.)". Phytochemistry 51 (4): 507–510. doi:10.1016/S0031-9422(98)00767-5.  
  9. ^ a b Baritaux, O. et al. (1992). "Effects of drying and storage of herbs and spices on the essential oil. Part I. Basil, ocimum basilicum L.". Flavour and Fragrance Journal 7 (5): 267–271. doi:10.1002/ffj.2730070507.  
  10. ^ a b c d e Klimánková, Eva et al. (2008). "Aroma profiles of five basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) cultivars grown under conventional and organic conditions". Food Chemistry 107 (1): 464–472. doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2007.07.062.  
  11. ^ Brophy, J. J.; M. K. Jogia (1986). "Essential oils from fijian Ocimum basilicum L". Flavour and Fragrance Journal 1 (2): 53–55. doi:10.1002/ffj.2730010203.  

Wikispecies

Up to date as of January 23, 2010

From Wikispecies

Basilicum (Ocimum basilicum).jpg

Taxonavigation

Classification System: APG II (down to family level)

Main Page
Cladus: Eukaryota
Regnum: Plantae
Cladus: Angiospermae
Cladus: Eudicots
Cladus: core eudicots
Cladus: Asterids
Cladus: Euasterids I
Ordo: Lamiales
Familia: Lamiaceae
Subfamilia: Nepetoideae
Tribus: Ocimeae
Genus: Ocimum
Species: Ocimum basilicum

Name

Ocimum basilicum L.

References

  • Species Plantarum 2:597. 1753
  • USDA, ARS, National Genetic Resources Program. Germplasm Resources Information Network - (GRIN) [Online Database]. [1]

Vernacular names

Deutsch: Basilikum
English: Basil
Español: Albahaca
Русский: Базилик душистый
Svenska: Basilika
Türkçe: Fesleğen
Wikimedia Commons For more multimedia, look at Ocimum basilicum on Wikimedia Commons.







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