From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

October 19 is the 292nd day of the year (293rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 73 days remaining until the end of the year.

Events

• 202 BC – Second Punic War: At the Battle of Zama, Roman legions under Scipio Africanus defeat Hannibal Barca, leader of the invading Carthaginian army.
• 439 – The Vandals, led by King Gaiseric, take Carthage in North Africa.
• 1216 – King John of England dies at Newark-on-Trent and is succeeded by his nine-year-old son Henry.
• 1453 – The French recapture of Bordeaux brings the Hundred Years' War to a close, with the English retaining only Calais on French soil.
• 1466 – The Thirteen Years War ends with the Second Treaty of Thorn.
• 1469 – Ferdinand II of Aragon marries Isabella I of Castile, a marriage that paves the way to the unification of Aragon and Castile into a single country, Spain.
• 1512 – Martin Luther becomes a doctor of theology (Doctor in Biblia).
• 1649 – New Ross town, Co. Wexford, Ireland, surrenders to Oliver Cromwell.
• 1781 – At Yorktown, Virginia, representatives of British commander Lord Cornwallis handed over Cornwallis' sword and formally surrendered to George Washington and the comte de Rochambeau.
• 1789 – Chief Justice John Jay is sworn in as the first Chief Justice of the United States.
• 1812 – Napoleon I of France retreats from Moscow.
• 1813 – The Battle of Leipzig concludes, giving Napoleon Bonaparte one of his worst defeats.
• 1822 – In Parnaíba; Simplício Dias da Silva, João Cândido de Deus e Silva and Domingos Dias declare the independent state of Piauí.
• 1864 – Battle of Cedar Creek – Union Army under Philip Sheridan destroy the Confederate Army under Jubal Early.
• 1864 – St. Albans Raid – Confederate raiders launch an attack on Saint Albans, Vermont from Canada.
• 1873 – Yale, Princeton, Columbia, and Rutgers universities draft the first code of American football rules.
• 1904 – Polytechnic University of the Philippines founded as Manila Business School through the superintendence of the American C.A. O'Reilley.
• 1912 – Italy takes possession of Tripoli, Libya from the Ottoman Empire.
• 1914 – The First Battle of Ypres begins.
• 1917 – The Love Field in Dallas, Texas is opened.
• 1921 – Portuguese Prime Minister António Granjo and other politicians are murdered in a Lisbon coup.
• 1933 – Germany withdraws from the League of Nations.
• 1935 – The League of Nations places economic sanctions on fascist Italy for its invasion of Ethiopia.
• 1943 – Streptomycin, the first antibiotic remedy for tuberculosis, is isolated by researchers at Rutgers University.
• 1944 – United States forces land in the Philippines.
• 1950 – The military of the People's Republic of China takes control of the town of Chamdo in eastern Tibet.
• 1954 – First ascent of Cho Oyu
• 1959 – The first discothèque opens.
• 1969 – The first Prime Minister of Tunisia in twelve years, Bahi Ladgham, is appointed by President Habib Bourguiba.
• 1973 – President Richard Nixon rejects an Appeals Court decision that he turn over the Watergate tapes.
• 1974 – Niue becomes a self-governing colony of New Zealand.
• 1976 – Battle of Aishiya in Lebanon.
• 1983 – Maurice Bishop, Prime Minister of Grenada, is overthrown and executed in a military coup d'état led by Bernard Coard.
• 1986 – Samora Machel, President of Mozambique and a prominent leader of FRELIMO, and 33 others die when their Tupolev 134 plane crashes into the Lebombo Mountains.
• 1987 – In retaliation for Iranian attacks on ships in the Persian Gulf, the U.S. Navy disables three of Iran's offshore oil platforms.
• 1987 – Black Monday - the Dow Jones Industrial Average falls by 22%, 508 points.
• 1989 – The convictions of the Guildford Four are quashed by the Court of Appeal of England and Wales, after they had spent 15 years in prison.
• 2001 – SIEV-X, an Indonesian fishing boat en-route to Christmas Island, carrying over 400 asylum seekers, sinks in international waters with the loss of 353 people.
• 2003 – Mother Teresa is beatified by Pope John Paul II.
• 2004 – Myanmar prime minister Khin Nyunt is ousted and placed under house arrest by the SPDC on charges of corruption.
• 2004 – Care International aid worker Margaret Hassan is kidnapped in Iraq.
• 2005 – Saddam Hussein goes on trial in Baghdad for crimes against humanity.
• 2005 – Hurricane Wilma becomes the most intense Atlantic hurricane on record with a minimum pressure of 882 mb.
• 2007 – Philippines. Amidst corruption controversies hounding the Arroyo administration, a bomb explosion rocked Glorietta 2, a shopping mall in Makati. The blast killed 11 and injured more than 100 people.

Births

• 1276 – Prince Hisaaki, Japanese shogun (d. 1328)
• 1433 – Marsilio Ficino, Italian philosopher (d. 1499)
• 1562 – Archbishop George Abbot, Archbishop of Canterbury (d. 1633)
• 1582 – Dmitry Ivanovich, Russian Tsarevich (d. 1591)
• 1605 – Thomas Browne, English writer (d. 1682)
• 1610 – James Butler, 1st Duke of Ormonde, English statesman and soldier (d. 1688)
• 1658 – Adolf Friedrich II of Mecklenburg-Strelitz (d. 1704)
• 1680 – John Abernethy, Irish Protestant minister (d. 1740)
• 1688 – William Cheselden, English surgeon and anatomist (d. 1752)
• 1718 – Victor-François, 2nd duc de Broglie, Marshal of France (d. 1804)
• 1720 – John Woolman, American Quaker preacher and abolitionist (d. 1772)
• 1721 – Joseph de Guignes, French orientalist (d. 1800)
• 1784 – James Henry Leigh Hunt, English Romantic critic, essayist, and poet (d. 1859)
• 1784 – John McLoughlin, Canadian fur trader (d. 1857)
• 1810 – Cassius Clay, American abolitionist (d. 1903)
• 1850 – Annie Smith Peck, American mountaineer (d. 1935)
• 1851 – Empress Myeongseong, Empress of Korea (d. 1895)
• 1858 – George Albert Boulenger, Belgian naturalist (d. 1937)
• 1862 – Auguste Lumière, French inventor (d. 1954)
• 1868 – Bertha Landes, first woman mayor of a major US city (d. 1943)
• 1873 – Jaap Eden, Dutch skater and cyclist (d. 1925)
• 1873 – John Barton King, American cricketer (d. 1965)
• 1876 – Mordecai Brown, American baseball player (d. 1945)
• 1882 – Umberto Boccioni, Italian painter and sculptor (d. 1916)
• 1885 – Charles Merrill, American investment banker (d. 1956)
• 1895 – Lewis Mumford, American historian (d. 1990)
• 1895 – Frank Durbin, last American veteran of the Battle of Verdun (d. 1999)
• 1896 – Bob O'Farrell, American baseball player (d. 1988)
• 1897 – Salimuzzaman Siddiqui, Pakistani scientist and scholar (d. 1994)
• 1899 – Miguel Ángel Asturias, Guatemalan writer, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1974)
• 1900 – Bill Ponsford, Australian cricketer (d. 1991)
• 1900 – Roy Worters, Canadian ice hockey goaltender (d. 1957)
• 1900 – Erna Berger, German soprano (d. 1990)
• 1901 – Arleigh Burke, American admiral (d. 1996)
• 1903 – Tor Johnson, Swedish wrestler and actor (d. 1971)
• 1907 – Roger Wolfe Kahn, American bandleader (d. 1962)
• 1908 – Geirr Tveitt, Norwegian composer (d. 1981)
• 1909 – Cozy Cole, American jazz drummer (d. 1981)
• 1909 – Marguerite Perey, French physicist (d. 1975)
• 1910 – Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar, Indian-born physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1995)
• 1910 – Paul Robert, French lexicographer and publisher (d. 1980)
• 1910 – Shunkichi Hamada, Japanese field hockey player (d. 2009)
• 1913 – Vinicius de Moraes, Brazilian poet and songwriter (d. 1980)
• 1915 – Farid al-Atrash, Syrian composer, musician, and actor (d. 1974)
• 1916 – Jean Dausset, French immunologist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (d. 2009)
• 1916 – Emil Gilels, Ukrainian pianist (d. 1985)
• 1918 – Charles Evans, British mountaineer, leader of the expedition that made the first ascent of Kangchenjunga in 1955 (d. 1995)
• 1920 – Pandurang Shastri Athavale, Indian philosopher (d. 2003)
• 1920 – Harry Alan Towers, English film producer and screenwriter (d. 2009)
• 1922 – Jack Anderson, American journalist (d. 2005)
• 1926 – Joel Feinberg, American moral philosopher (d. 2004)
• 1926 – Arne Bendiksen, Norwegian singer and songwriter (d. 2009)
• 1928 – Lou Scheimer, American animation producer
• 1931 – John le Carré, English novelist
• 1932 – Robert Reed, American actor (d. 1992)
• 1936 – Tony Lo Bianco, American actor
• 1936 – James Bevel, American activist (d. 2008)
• 1937 – Peter Max, American artist
• 1937 – Marilyn Bell, Canadian swimmer
• 1940 – Michael Gambon, Irish actor
• 1941 – Simon Ward, British actor
• 1942 – Andrew Vachss, American author and attorney
• 1943 – Robin Holloway, British composer
• 1943 – Takis Ikonomopoulos, Greek footballer
• 1944 – George McCrae, American soul singer
• 1945 – Divine, American actor (d. 1988)
• 1945 – Patricia Ireland, American attorney and feminist
• 1945 – John Lithgow, American actor
• 1945 – Jeannie C. Riley American country and gospel singer
• 1946 – Philip Pullman, English writer
• 1947 – Giorgio Cavazzano, Italian comic strip artist
• 1948 – Patrick Simmons, American musician
• 1948 – Dave Mallow, American voice actor
• 1949 – Lynn Dickey, American football player
• 1949 – Jamie McGrigor, British politician
• 1951 – Demetrios Christodoulou, Greek mathematical physicist, recipient of the Bôcher Memorial Prize
• 1952 – Verónica Castro, Mexican actress and singer
• 1953 – Lionel Hollins, American basketball player and coach
• 1954 – Joe Bryant, American basketball player
• 1954 – Sam Allardyce, English football manager
• 1954 – Deborah Blum, American writer
• 1955 – Melpo Kosti, Greek actress
• 1956 – Grover Norquist, American political figure
• 1956 – Didier Theys, Belgian racing driver
• 1956 – Carlo Urbani, Italian physician (d. 1993)
• 1956 – Bruce Weber, American Basketball Coach
• 1957 – Ray Richmond, American columnist and critic
• 1957 – Karl Wallinger, Welsh musician
• 1957 – Doug Kirby, American author and travel guide
• 1958 – Tiriel Mora, Australian actor
• 1958 – Lou Briel, Puerto Rican singer and actor
• 1958 – Michael Steele, American political figure
• 1959 – Nir Barkat, Mayor of Jerusalem (2008 - )
• 1960 – Jonathan FeBland, English musician and artist
• 1961 – Sunny Deol, Indian actor
• 1962 – Tracy Chevalier, American author
• 1962 – Evander Holyfield, American boxer
• 1963 – Prince Laurent of Belgium
• 1964 – Jorge Luis Gonzales, Cuban-born American boxer
• 1965 – Brad Daugherty, American basketball player
• 1965 – Ty Pennington, American television carpenter
• 1966 – Roger R. Cross, Jamaican-born actor
• 1966 – Jon Favreau, American actor, writer and director
• 1966 – Dimitris Lyacos, Greek poet and playwright
• 1966 – Sinitta, American singer
• 1967 – Yōko Shimomura, Japanese composer
• 1967 – Amy Carter, daughter of US President Jimmy Carter
• 1969 – Trey Parker, American cartoonist and actor
• 1969 – Erwin Sánchez, Bolivian footballer
• 1969 – DJ Sammy, Spanish DJ
• 1969 – John Edward, American TV Psychic
• 1970 – Chris Kattan, American comedian and actor
• 1972 – Keith Foulke, American baseball pitcher
• 1972 – Pras, American musician
• 1973 – Hicham Arazi, Moroccan tennis player
• 1973 – Joaquin Gage, Canadian ice hockey player
• 1976 – Joy Bryant, American actress
• 1976 – Omar Gooding, American actor
• 1976 – Desmond Harrington, American actor
• 1976 – Dan Smith, Canadian ice hockey player
• 1976 – Michael Young, baseball player
• 1977 – Louis-José Houde, Canadian stand-up comic
• 1977 – Jason Reitman, Canadian filmmaker
• 1977 – Raúl Tamudo, Spanish footballer
• 1977 – Habib Beye, Senegalese footballer
• 1978 – Enrique Bernoldi, Brazilian race car driver
• 1978 – James Roberts, British Ice Hockey Player
• 1978 – Zakhar Dubenskiy, Russian footballer
• 1978 – Henri Sorvali, Finnish musician
• 1979 – José Luis López, Mexican footballer
• 1979 – Brian Robertson, American trombonist (Suburban Legends)
• 1980 – Benjamin Salisbury, American actor
• 1981 – Heikki Kovalainen, Finnish race car driver
• 1982 – Gonzalo Pineda, Mexican footballer
• 1985 – Terry Etim, English mixed martial artist
• 1989 – Miroslav Stoch, Slovakian footballer
• 1990 – Janet Leon, Swedish singer and dancer (Play)

Deaths

• 727 – Saint Frideswide
• 1187 – Pope Urban III
• 1216 – King John (b. 1167)
• 1432 – John de Mowbray, 2nd Duke of Norfolk, English politician (b. 1392)
• 1587 – Francesco I de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany (b. 1541)
• 1608 – Martin Delrio, Flemish theologian and occultist (b. 1551)
• 1636 – Marcin Kazanowski, Polish politician
• 1682 – Thomas Browne, English writer (b. 1605)
• 1723 – Godfrey Kneller, German-born painter (b. 1646)
• 1745 – Jonathan Swift, Irish author (b. 1667)
• 1790 – Lyman Hall, American signer of the Declaration of Independence (b. 1724)
• 1813 – Józef Antoni Poniatowski, Polish prince and Marshal of France (friendly fire) (b. 1763)
• 1815 – Paolo Mascagni, Anatomist (b. 1755)
• 1842 – Aleksey Koltsov, Russian poet (b. 1808)
• 1851 – Princess Marie-Thérèse-Charlotte (b. 1778)
• 1856 – William Sprague III, American politician from Rhode Island (b. 1799)
• 1889 – King Louis of Portugal (b. 1838)
• 1893 – Lucy Stone, American suffragist and women's rights activist (b. 1818)
• 1897 – George Pullman, American inventor and industrialist (b. 1831)
• 1901 – Carl Frederik Tietgen, Danish financier and industrialist (b. 1829)
• 1918 – Harold Lockwood, American actor (b. 1887)
• 1936 – Lu Xun, Chinese writer (b. 1881)
• 1937 – Ernest Rutherford, 1st Baron Rutherford of Nelson, New Zealand physicist, Nobel laureate (b. 1871)
• 1943 – Camille Claudel, French sculptor (b. 1864)
• 1945 – Plutarco Elías Calles, President of Mexico (b. 1877)
• 1950 – Edna St. Vincent Millay, American poet (b. 1892)
• 1956 – Isham Jones, American musician (b. 1894)
• 1960 – George Wallace, Australian vaudevillian and film comedian (b. 1895)
• 1964 – Nettie Palmer, Australian poet and essayist (b. 1885)
• 1970 – Lázaro Cárdenas, President of Mexico (b. 1895)
• 1978 – Gig Young, American actor (b. 1913)
• 1983 – Maurice Bishop, Prime Minister of Grenada (b. 1944)
• 1984 – Jerzy Popiełuszko, Polish priest, associated with the Solidarity union, murdered by the agents of internal intelligence agency (b. 1947)
• 1985 – Alfred Rouleau, French Canadian businessman (b. 1915)
• 1986 – Dele Giwa, Nigerian journalist
• 1986 – Samora Machel, President of Mozambique (b. 1933)
• 1987 – Jacqueline du Pré, English cellist (b. 1945)
• 1987 – Hermann Lang, German race car driver (b. 1909)
• 1988 – Son House, American musician (b. 1902)
• 1994 – Martha Raye, American comedian and actress (b. 1916)
• 1995 – Don Cherry, American jazz trumpeter (b. 1936)
• 1997 – Glen Buxton, American guitarist (b. 1947)
• 1999 – Nathalie Sarraute, Russian-born French writer (b. 1900)
• 1999 – James C. Murray, American politician (b. 1917)
• 2000 – Hortense Ellis, Jamaican reggae singer (b. 1941)
• 2003 – Alija Izetbegović, President of Bosnia-Herzegovina (b. 1925)
• 2003 – Margaret Murie, American conservationist (b. 1902)
• 2003 – Road Warrior Hawk, American professional wrestler (b. 1960)
• 2005 – Dallas Cook, American musician (Suburban Legends) (b. 1982)
• 2005 – Corinne Lévesque, wife of Quebec premier René Lévesque (b. 1943)
• 2006 – James Glennon, American cinematographer (b. 1942)
• 2007 – Randall Forsberg, American nuclear freeze advocate (b. 1943)
• 2007 – Michael Maidens, English footballer with Hartlepool United (b. 1987)
• 2007 – Jan Wolkers, Dutch writer (b. 1925)
• 2008 – Mr. Blackwell, American fashion critic (b. 1922)
• 2008 – Rudy Ray Moore, American comedian and actor (Dolemite) (b. 1937)
• 2009 – Howard Unruh, American spree killer (b. 1921)
• 2009 – Joseph Wiseman, Canadian actor (b. 1918)

Holidays and observances

• Roman festivals – Armilustrium in honor of Mars
• Roman Catholic Saints – Saints Jean de Brébeuf, Isaac Jogues, and Companions; Saint Frideswide
• Also see October 19 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
• Albania – Mother Teresa Day.
• Brazil – Independence Day of State of Piauí
• Niue – Constitution Day in honour of the country's independence (self-governing in free association with New Zealand) in 1974.
• French Republican Calendar – Tomate (Tomato) Day, twenty-eighth day in the Month of Vendémiaire
• Aaron, a saint of the Coptic Church

External links

• BBC: On This Day
• The New York Times: On This Day
• On This Day in Canada

From Wikiquote

Quotes of the day from previous years:

2003

I really believe that if there's any kind of God, he wouldn't be in any one of us — not you, not me, but just this space in between. If there's some magic in this world, it must be in the attempt of understanding someone else, sharing something. ~ Before Sunrise

• selected by Scarequotes

2004

Freedom is the freedom to say that two plus two make four. If that is granted, all else follows. ~ George Orwell in Nineteen Eighty-Four

• selected by Kalki

2005

Traditionalists are pessimists about the future and optimists about the past. ~ Lewis Mumford (born 19 October 1895)

• proposed by Kalki

2006

There is surely a piece of divinity within us, something that was before the elements, and owes no homage unto the sun. ~ Thomas Browne (born 19 October 1605)

• proposed by Kalki

2007

Nothing is unthinkable, nothing impossible to the balanced person, provided it comes out of the needs of life and is dedicated to life's further development. ~ Lewis Mumford

• proposed by Kalki

2008

To be nameless in worthy deeds exceeds an infamous history. ~ Thomas Browne

• proposed by InvisibleSun

2009

He gave it for his opinion, that whoever could make two ears of corn, or two blades of grass, to grow upon a spot of ground where only one grew before, would deserve better of mankind, and do more essential service to his country, than the whole race of politicians put together. ~ Jonathan Swift

• proposed by Kalki

2010 

Rank or add further suggestions…

Quotes by people born this day, already used as QOTD:

• No man can justly censure or condemn another, because indeed no man truly knows another ~ Sir Thomas Browne
  • Used 20 January 2004, selected by Kalki

Quotes by people who died this day, already used as QOTD:

• Every man desires to live long, but no man would be old. ~ Jonathan Swift
  • Used 4 September 2003, selected by Kalki

• We have just enough religion to make us hate, but not enough to make us love one another. ~ Jonathan Swift, died that day
  • Used 26 September 2004, selected by Kalki

Ranking system:

4 : Excellent - should definitely be used.

3 : Very Good - strong desire to see it used.

2 : Good - some desire to see it used.

1 : Acceptable - but with no particular desire to see it used.

0 : Not acceptable - not appropriate for use as a quote of the day.

Suggestions

A young healthy child well nursed is at a year old a most delicious, nourishing, and wholesome food, whether stewed, roasted, baked, or boiled. ~ Jonathan Swift, died that day

• 3 ~ MosheZadka (Talk) 07:32, 9 October 2005 (UTC)
• 1 ~ Kalki 22:45, 18 October 2005 (UTC) Great quote in context... but with this alone too many people might not recognize that it comes from his famous satire "A Modest Proposal"
• 1 Zarbon 05:14, 25 April 2008 (UTC)
• 1 I love it ... but I think that is because I could guess rightly where it was taken from. Out of context, it may not make a sense, I'm afraid. —The preceding unsigned comment was added by Aphaia (talk • contribs) on October 16 at 00:36 (UTC)
• 1 per above. - InvisibleSun 21:50, 18 October 2008 (UTC)

I am at a stage in my life — now quite late — where I am completely reconciled to what I am as a writer. I know what I can and can't do. I love writing. I feel it is my best time. But I still feel, as I think most creative people do, absolutely isolated.~ John le Carré (date of birth)

• 3 Kalki 22:45, 18 October 2005 (UTC)
• 3 InvisibleSun 19:08, 18 October 2006 (UTC)
• 1 Zarbon 05:14, 25 April 2008 (UTC)
• 3 Aphaia 00:36, 16 October 2008 (UTC)

Every writer knows he is spurious; every fiction writer would rather be credible than authentic.~ John le Carré (date of birth)

• 3 Kalki 22:45, 18 October 2005 (UTC)
• 3 InvisibleSun 19:08, 18 October 2006 (UTC)
• 1 Zarbon 05:14, 25 April 2008 (UTC)
• 4 Aphaia 00:36, 16 October 2008 (UTC)

In every war zone that I've been in, there has been a reality and then there has been the public perception of why the war was being fought. In every crisis, the issues have been far more complex than the public has been allowed to know. ~ John le Carré (date of birth)

• 3 Kalki 22:45, 18 October 2005 (UTC) with a lean toward 4.
• 3 InvisibleSun 19:08, 18 October 2006 (UTC)
• 2 Zarbon 05:14, 25 April 2008 (UTC)
• 3 Aphaia 00:36, 16 October 2008 (UTC) / Or a shorter version which begins "In every crisis .."

We lie to one another every day, in the sweetest way, often unconsciously. We dress ourselves and compose ourselves in order to present ourselves to one another. ~ John le Carré (date of birth)

• 3 Kalki 22:45, 18 October 2005 (UTC)
• 2 InvisibleSun 19:08, 18 October 2006 (UTC)
• 1 Zarbon 05:14, 25 April 2008 (UTC)
• 3 Aphaia 00:36, 16 October 2008 (UTC)

I intend no Monopoly but a Community in Learning: I study not for my own sake only, but for theirs that study not for themselves. ~ Thomas Browne (date of birth)

• 3 Kalki 22:45, 18 October 2005 (UTC) with a lean toward 4.
• 3 InvisibleSun 19:08, 18 October 2006 (UTC)
• 1 Zarbon 05:14, 25 April 2008 (UTC)
• 3 Aphaia 00:36, 16 October 2008 (UTC)

Man is a Noble Animal, splendid in ashes and pompous in the Grave. Solemnizing Nativities and Deaths with equal lustre. Nor ommiting Ceremonies of Bravery in the infamy of his nature. Life is a pure flame and we live by an invisible Sun within us. ~ Thomas Browne (date of birth)

• 3 Kalki 22:45, 18 October 2005 (UTC) with a lean toward 4.
• 3 (and it contains my username!) InvisibleSun 19:08, 18 October 2006 (UTC)
• 2 Zarbon 05:14, 25 April 2008 (UTC)
• 3 Aphaia 00:36, 16 October 2008 (UTC)

The night of time far surpasseth the day, and who knows when was the Æquinox? ~ Thomas Browne

• 3 InvisibleSun 19:08, 18 October 2006 (UTC)
• 1 Zarbon 05:14, 25 April 2008 (UTC)
• 2 Kalki 19:02, 16 October 2008 (UTC)

I would die happy if I knew that on my tombstone could be written these words, "This man was an absolute fool. None of the disastrous things that he reluctantly predicted ever came to pass!". ~ Lewis Mumford (date of birth)

• 3 Kalki 22:45, 18 October 2005 (UTC) with a lean toward 4.
• 3 InvisibleSun 19:08, 18 October 2006 (UTC)
• 1 Zarbon 05:14, 25 April 2008 (UTC)
• 3 Aphaia 00:36, 16 October 2008 (UTC)

The cycle of the machine is now coming to an end. Man has learned much in the hard discipline and the shrewd, unflinching grasp of practical possibilities that the machine has provided in the last three centuries: but we can no more continue to live in the world of the machine than we could live successfully on the barren surface of the moon. ~ Lewis Mumford (date of birth)

• 3 Kalki 22:45, 18 October 2005 (UTC) with a lean toward 4.
• 3 InvisibleSun 19:08, 18 October 2006 (UTC)
• 2 Zarbon 05:14, 25 April 2008 (UTC)
• 3 Aphaia 00:36, 16 October 2008 (UTC)

God does not work for you. He works with you. ~ Pandurang Shastri Athavale (date of birth)

• 2 Zarbon 05:08, 4 July 2008 (UTC)
• 3 Aphaia 00:36, 16 October 2008 (UTC) Sadly unsourced ...
• 2 Kalki 19:02, 16 October 2008 (UTC) I would rank this at 3 if it was sourced.
• 0 because unsourced. - InvisibleSun 21:50, 18 October 2008 (UTC)

From StrategyWiki, the free strategy guide and walkthrough wiki

Games released on October 19.

From Familypedia

October 19 is the 292nd day of the year (293rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 73 days remaining until the end of the year.

Events

• 202 BCE - The Battle of Zama results in the defeat of Carthage and Hannibal.
• 439 - The Vandals, led by King Gaiseric, take Carthage in North Africa.
• 1216 - King John of England dies at Newark-on-Trent and is succeeded by his nine-year-old son Henry.
• 1453 - The French recapture of Bordeaux brings the Hundred Years' War to a close, with the English retaining only Calais on French soil.
• 1466 - The Thirteen Years' War ends with the Second Treaty of Toruń. Gdansk Pomerania and Prussia as a whole are incorporated into Poland; the Teutonic Knights are allowed to rule its eastern part as Polish vassals.
• 1469 - Ferdinand II of Aragon marries Isabella I of Castile, a marriage that paves the way to the unification of Aragon and Castile into a single country, Spain.
• 1512 - Martin Luther becomes a doctor of theology (Doctor in Biblia).
• 1781 - At Yorktown, Virginia, British commander Lord Cornwallis surrendered to a Franco-American force led by George Washington and the comte de Rochambeau, paving the way for the end of the American Revolutionary War.
• 1789 - Chief Justice John Jay is sworn in as the first Chief Justice of the United States.
• 1812 - Napoleon I of France retreats from Moscow.
• 1813 - The Battle of Leipzig concludes, giving Napoleon Bonaparte one of his worst defeats.
• 1822 - In Parnaíba; Simplício Dias da Silva, João Cândido de Deus e Silva and Domingos Dias declare the independent state of Piauí.
• 1864 - Battle of Cedar Creek - Union Army under Philip Sheridan destroys Confederate Army under Jubal Early.
• 1864 - Confederate raiders launch an attack on Saint Albans from Canada.
• 1873 - Yale, Princeton, Columbia, and Rutgers universities draft the first code of American football rules.
• 1904 - Polytechnic University of the Philippines founded as Manila Business School through the superintendence of the American C.A. O'Reilley.
• 1912 - Italy takes possession of Tripoli, Libya from the Ottoman Empire.
• 1914 - The First Battle of Ypres begins.
• 1917 - Love Field in Dallas is opened.
• 1921 - Portuguese Prime Minister António Granjo and other politicians are murdered in a Lisbon coup.
• 1933 - Germany withdraws from the League of Nations.
• 1935 - The League of Nations places economic sanctions on fascist Italy for its invasion of Ethiopia.
• 1943 - Streptomycin, the first antibiotic remedy for tuberculosis, is isolated by researchers at Rutgers University.
• 1944 - United States forces land in the Philippines.
• 1950 - The military of the People's Republic of China takes control of the town of Chamdo in eastern Tibet.
• 1954 - First ascent of Cho Oyu
• 1960 - The United States government places an embargo on Communist Cuba.
• 1969 - The first Prime Minister of Tunisia in twelve years, Bahi Ladgham, is appointed by President Habib Bourguiba.
• 1973 - President Richard Nixon rejects an Appeals Court demand to turn over the Watergate tapes.
• 1974 - Niue becomes self-govering colony of New Zealand
• 1976 - Battle of Aishiya in Lebanon. The same day, the Chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes) is placed on the List of Endangered Species.
• 1983 - Maurice Bishop, Prime Minister of Grenada, is overthrown and executed in a military coup d'état led by Bernard Coard.
• 1986 - Samora Machel, President of Mozambique and a prominent leader of FRELIMO, and 33 others died when their Tupolev 134 plane crashed into the Lebombo Mountains.
• 1987 - In retaliation for Iranian attacks on ships in the Persian Gulf, the U.S. Navy disables three of Iran's offshore oil platforms.
• 1987 - (Black Monday) Dow Jones Industrial Average falls by 22%, 508 points. This is considered a Stock Market Crash.
• 1989 - Guildford Four convictions are quashed by the Court of Appeal - they had spent 15 years in prison through a miscarriage of justice.
• 1991 - 7.0 Richter Scale earthquake in Northern Italy - 2000 dead
• 1998 - The Earth Liberation Front sets fire to the Vail Mountain ski resort in Vail, causing $12 million in damage.
• 2001 - SIEV-X, an Indonesian fishing boat en-route to Christmas Island, carrying over 400 asylum seekers, sank in international waters with the loss of 353 people.
• 2003 - Mother Teresa is beatified by Pope John Paul II.
• 2004 - Myanmar prime minister Khin Nyunt is ousted and placed under house arrest by the Thai government on charges of corruption.
• 2004 - Care International aid worker Margaret Hassan is kidnapped in Iraq.
• 2005 - Saddam Hussein goes on trial in Baghdad for crimes against humanity.
• 2005 - Hurricane Wilma becomes the most intense Atlantic hurricane on record with a minimum pressure of 882 mb.
• 2005 - The last Major League Baseball game is played at Busch Memorial Stadium.
• 2006 - The Dow Jones Industrial Average closes above the 12,000 mark for the first time.
• 2007 - Philippines. Amidst corruption controversies hounding the Arroyo administration, a bomb explosion rocked Glorietta 2, a shopping mall in Makati, which killed 11 and injured more than 100 people.

Births

• 1276 - Prince Hisaaki, Japanese shogun (d. 1328)
• 1433 - Marsilio Ficino, Italian philosopher (d. 1499)
• 1562 - Archbishop George Abbot, Archbishop of Canterbury (d. 1633)
• 1582 - Dmitry Ivanovich, Tsarevich (d. 1591)
• 1605 - Thomas Browne, English writer (d. 1682)
• 1610 - James Butler, English statesman and soldier (d. 1688)
• 1658 - Adolf Friedrich II of Mecklenburg-Strelitz (d. 1704)
• 1680 - John Abernethy, Irish Protestant minister (d. 1740)
• 1688 - William Cheselden, English surgeon and anatomist (d. 1752)
• 1718 - Victor-François, Marshal of France (d. 1804)
• 1720 - John Woolman, American Quaker preacher and abolitionist (d. 1772)
• 1721 - Joseph de Guignes, French orientalist (d. 1800)
• 1784 - John McLoughlin, Canadian fur trader (d. 1857)
• 1810 - Cassius Marcellus Clay, American abolitionist (d. 1903)
• 1851 - Empress Myeongseong, Empress of Korea (d. 1895)
• 1858 - George Albert Boulenger, Belgian naturalist (d. 1937)
• 1862 - Auguste Lumière, French inventor (d. 1954)
• 1873 - Jaap Eden, Dutch skater and cyclist (d. 1925)
• 1873 - John Barton King, American cricketer (d. 1965)
• 1876 - Mordecai Brown, baseball player (d. 1945)
• 1882 - Umberto Boccioni, futurist painter (d. 1916)
• 1885 - Charles Merrill, American investment banker (d. 1956)
• 1895 - Lewis Mumford, American historian (d. 1990)
• 1895 - Frank Durbin Last U.S veteran of the Battle of Verdun (d.1999)
• 1896 - Bob O'Farrell, baseball player (d. 1988)
• 1897 - Salimuzzaman Siddiqui, Pakistani scientist and scholar (d. 1994)
• 1899 - Miguel Ángel Asturias, Guatemalan writer, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1974)
• 1900 - Bill Ponsford, Australian cricketer (d. 1991)
• 1900 - Roy Worters, Canadian ice hockey goaltender (d. 1957)
• 1900 - Erna Berger, German soprano (d. 1990)
• 1901 - Arleigh Burke, Naval commander (d. 1996)
• 1903 - Tor Johnson, Swedish wrestler and actor (d. 1971)
• 1907 - Roger Wolfe Kahn, American bandleader (d. 1962)
• 1908 - Geirr Tveitt, Norwegian composer (d. 1981)
• 1909 - Cozy Cole, American jazz drummer (d. 1981)
• 1909 - Marguerite Perey, French physicist (d. 1975)
• 1910 - Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar, Indian-born physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1995)
• 1910 - Paul Robert, French lexicographer and publisher (d. 1980)
• 1913 - Vinicius de Moraes, Brazilian poet and songwriter (d. 1980)
• 1916 - Jean Dausset, French immunologist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
• 1916 - Emil Gilels, Ukrainian pianist (d. 1985)
• 1920 - Pandurang Shastri Athavale, Indian philosopher (d. 2003)
• 1922 - Jack Anderson, American journalist (d. 2005)
• 1926 - Joel Feinberg, American moral philosopher (d. 2004)
• 1926 - Arne Bendiksen, Norwegian singer and songwriter
• 1931 - John le Carré, English novelist
• 1932 - Robert Reed, American actor (d. 1992)
• 1936 - Tony Lo Bianco, American actor
• 1937 - Peter Max, American artist
• 1937 - Marilyn Bell, Canadian long distance swimmer
• 1940 - Michael Gambon, Irish actor
• 1941 - Simon Ward, British actor
• 1942 - Andrew Vachss, American author and attorney
• 1943 - Robin Holloway, British composer
• 1943 - Takis Ikonomopoulos, Greek footballer
• 1944 - Peter Tosh, Jamaican musician, political activist (d. 1987)
• 1944 - George McCrae, American soul singer
• 1945 - Harris Glen Milstead, American actor and singer best known for his drag persona, Divine. (d. 1988)
• 1945 - Patricia Ireland, President of the NOW
• 1945 - John Lithgow, American actor
• 1945 - Jeannie C. Riley American country and gospel singer
• 1946 - Philip Pullman, English writer
• 1947 - Giorgio Cavazzano, comics artist and illustrator
• 1948 - Patrick Simmons, American musician (The Doobie Brothers)
• 1949 - Jamie McGrigor, British politician
• 1951 - Demetrios Christodoulou, Greek mathematical physicist, recipient of the Bôcher Memorial Prize
• 1952 - Verónica Castro, Mexican actress and singer
• 1954 - Sam Allardyce, English football manager
• 1954 - Deborah Blum, American writer
• 1956 - Carlo Urbani, Italian physician (d. 1993)
• 1956 - Sunny Deol, Indian actor
• 1956 - Didier Theys, Belgian racing driver
• 1957 - Ray Richmond, entertainment/media columnist
• 1957 - Karl Wallinger, Welsh musician (The Waterboys, World Party)
• 1958 - Tiriel Mora, Australian actor
• 1958 - Lou Briel, Puerto Rican singer, composer, actor & showman
• 1960 - Jonathan FeBland, English musician, writer and artist
• 1962 - Tracy Chevalier, American author
• 1962 - Evander Holyfield, American boxer
• 1963 - Prince Laurent of Belgium
• 1964 - Jorge Luis Gonzales, Cuban-born American boxer
• 1965 - Brad Daugherty, American basketball player
• 1965 - Ty Pennington, American television carpenter
• 1966 - Roger R. Cross, Jamaican-born actor
• 1966 - Jon Favreau, American actor, writer and director
• 1967 - Yoko Shimomura, Japanese composer
• 1969 - Trey Parker, American cartoonist, comedian, writer, and actor
• 1969 - Erwin Sánchez, Bolivian footballer
• 1970 - Chris Kattan, American comedian and actor
• 1972 - Keith Foulke, American baseball pitcher
• 1972 - Pras, American musician
• 1973 - Hicham Arazi, Moroccan tennis player
• 1973 - Joaquin Gage, Canadian ice hockey player
• 1976 - Joy Bryant, American actress
• 1976 - Omar Gooding, American actor
• 1976 - Desmond Harrington, American actor
• 1976 - Dan Smith, Canadian ice hockey player
• 1976 - Michael Young, baseball player
• 1977 - Louis-José Houde, Québec stand-up comic
• 1977 - Jason Reitman, Canadian filmmaker
• 1977 - Raúl Tamudo, Spanish footballer
• 1978 - Enrique Bernoldi, Brazilian Formula One driver
• 1978 - Zakhar Dubenskiy, Russian footballer
• 1979 - Brian Robertson, American trombonist (Suburban Legends)
• 1979 - José Luis "Parejita" López, Mexican footballer
• 1980 - Benjamin Salisbury, American actor
• 1981 - Heikki Kovalainen, Finnish Formula One driver
• 1982 - Gonzalo Pineda, Mexican footballer

Deaths

• 727 - Saint Frideswide
• 1187 - Pope Urban III
• 1216 - King John
• 1432 - John de Mowbray, English politician (b. 1392)
• 1587 - Francesco I de' Medici (b. 1541)
• 1608 - Martin Delrio, Flemish theologian and occultist (b. 1551)
• 1636 - Marcin Kazanowski, Polish politician
• 1682 - Thomas Browne, English writer (b. 1605)
• 1723 - Godfrey Kneller, German-born painter (b. 1646)
• 1745 - Jonathan Swift, Irish author (b. 1667)
• 1790 - Lyman Hall, American signer of the Declaration of Independence (b. 1724)
• 1813 - Józef Antoni Poniatowski, Polish prince and Marshal of France (friendly fire) (b. 1763)
• 1842 - Aleksey Koltsov, Russian poet (b. 1808)
• 1851 - Marie Thérèse Charlotte (b. 1778)
• 1856 - William Sprague III, American politician from Rhode Island (b. 1799)
• 1889 - King Louis of Portugal (b. 1838)
• 1897 - George Pullman, American inventor and industrialist (b. 1831)
• 1901 - Carl Frederik Tietgen, Danish financier and industrialist (b. 1829)
• 1918 - Harold Lockwood, American actor (b. 1887)
• 1936 - Lu Xun, Chinese writer (b. 1881)
• 1937 - Ernest Rutherford, New Zealand physicist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry (b. 1871)
• 1943 - Camille Claudel, French sculptor (b. 1864)
• 1950 - Edna St. Vincent Millay, American poet (b. 1892)
• 1956 - Isham Jones, American musician (b. 1894)
• 1960 - George Wallace, Australian vaudevillian and film comedian (b. 1895)
• 1973 - Walt Kelly, American cartoonist (b. 1913)
• 1978 - Gig Young, American actor (b. 1913)
• 1983 - Maurice Bishop, Prime Minister of Grenada (b. 1944)
• 1985 - Alfred Rouleau, French Canadian businessman (b. 1915)
• 1986 - Dele Giwa, Nigerian journalist
• 1986 - Samora Machel, President of Mozambique (b. 1933)
• 1987 - Jacqueline Du Pré, English cellist (b. 1945)
• 1987 - Hermann Lang, German race car driver (b. 1909)
• 1988 - Son House, American musician (b. 1902)
• 1994 - Martha Raye, American comedian and actress (b. 1916)
• 1995 - Don Cherry, American jazz trumpet player (b. 1936)
• 1997 - Glen Buxton, American guitarist (b. 1947)
• 1999 - Nathalie Sarraute, Russian-born French writer (b. 1900)
• 1999 - James C. Murray, American politician (b. 1917)
• 2003 - Alija Izetbegović, President of Bosnia-Herzegovina (b. 1925)
• 2003 - Margaret Murie, American conservationist (b. 1902)
• 2003 - Michael Hegstrand, American professional wrestler (b. 1957)
• 2004 - Kenneth E. Iverson, Canadian computer scientist (b. 1920)
• 2005 - Dallas Cook, American musician (Suburban Legends) (b. 1982)
• 2005 - Corinne Lévesque, wife of Quebec premier René Lévesque (b. 1943)
• 2006 - James Glennon, American cinematographer (b. 1942)
• 2007 - LaLa Brown, American singer and protégé of Lyfe Jennings (b. 1986)
• 2007 - Dr. Randall Forsberg, American nuclear freeze advocate (b. 1943)
• 2007 - Michael Maidens, English footballer with Hartlepool United (b. 1987)
• 2007 - Jan Wolkers, Dutch writer (b. 1925)

Holidays and observances

• Roman festivals - Armilustrium in honor of Mars
• Roman Catholic Saints - Saints Jean de Brébeuf, Isaac Jogues, and Companions; Saint Frideswide
• Also see October 19
• Albania - Mother Teresa Day.
• Brazil - Independence Day of State of Piauí
• Niue - Constitution Day in honour of the country's independence (self-governing in free association with New Zealand) in 1974.
• French Republican Calendar - Tomate (Tomato) Day, twenty-eighth day in the Month of Vendémiaire
• Aaron, a saint of the Coptic Church
• Hindu Festivals, Concluding of Navratri Festival of India. It is a nine day festival attributed to the Goddess Durga, the Supreme-Divine manifested in form of Mother. The 10th day, Hindus celebrate Dasara, the mark of Lord Rama's victory over demon Ravana - Goddess Durga Day.

External links

• BBC: On This Day
• The New York Times: On This Day

• On This Day in Canada