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Realism in the visual arts and literature is the depiction of subjects as they appear in everyday life, without embellishment or interpretation. The term also describes works of art which, in revealing a truth, may emphasize the ugly or sordid.

Realism often refers to the artistic movement, which began in France in the 1850s. The popularity of realism grew with the introduction of photography - a new visual source that created a desire for people to produce things that look “objectively real”. Realists positioned themselves against romanticism, a genre dominating French literature and artwork in the late 18th and early 19th century. Undistorted by personal bias, Realism believed in the ideology of objective reality and revolted against exaggerated emotionalism. Truth and accuracy became the goals of many Realists.

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Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche (October 15, 1844 – August 25, 1900) (German pronunciation: [ˈfʁiːdʁɪç ˈvɪlhəlm ˈniːtʃə]) was a nineteenth-century German philosopher and classical philologist. He wrote critical texts on religion, morality, contemporary culture, philosophy, and science, using a distinctive German language style and displaying a fondness for metaphor and aphorism. Nietzsche's influence remains substantial within and beyond philosophy, notably in existentialism and postmodernism. His style and radical questioning of the value and objectivity of truth have resulted in much commentary and interpretation, mostly in the continental tradition, and to a lesser extent in analytic philosophy. His key ideas include the interpretation of tragedy as an affirmation of life, an eternal recurrence (which numerous commentators have re-interpreted), a rejection of Platonism, and a repudiation of both Christianity and egalitarianism (especially in the form of democracy and socialism).

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Baumgarten appropriated the word aesthetics, which had always meant sensation, to mean taste or "sense" of beauty. In so doing, he gave the word a different significance, thereby inventing its modern usage. The word had been used differently since the time of the ancient Greeks to mean the ability to receive stimulation from one or more of the five bodily senses.

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Did you know?

... that the Golden ratio (pictured) was considered by the ancient Greeks to be the most aesthetically pleasing proportion to the eye? ... that modernist Clement Greenberg argued that each artistic medium should seek that which makes it unique among the possible media and then purify itself of anything other than expression of its own uniqueness as a form.[6]

... that Theodor Adorno claimed in 1969, “It is self-evident that nothing concerning art is self-evident.” ... that people didn't commonly ask "Is it art?" until Marcel Duchamp displayed a urinal, and Andy Warhol displayed a Brillo box in art gallery installations. ... that for Kant, enjoyment is the result when pleasure arises from sensation, but judging something to be "beautiful" has a third requirement: sensation must give rise to pleasure by engaging our capacities of reflective contemplation. In his view judgments of beauty are sensory, emotional and intellectual all at once.

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Aesthetics task force

WikiProject Arts · WikiProject Sculpture · WikiProject Symbolism and Art Nouveau · Philosophers task force · Philosophical literature task force · Metaphysics task force · Ethics task force · Continental philosophy task force · WikiProject Visual Arts

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Requested articles: aesthetic experience · aesthetic judgment · aesthetic properties · philosophy of art (currently a redirect) · artistic form · artistic style (currently a redirect) · artistic value · nature of art · ontology of art · concrete object (currently a redirect) · Rapture (aesthetics) · reception (currently a disambiguation page with no aesthetics)

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