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Sociology is the scientific study of human societies. It is a branch of social science (often synonymous) that uses systematic methods of empirical investigation and critical analysis to develop and refine a body of knowledge about human social structure and activity, often with the goal of applying such knowledge to the pursuit of social welfare. Its subject matter ranges from the micro level of face-to-face interaction to the macro level of societies at large.
The sociology of religion concerns the
practices, social structures, historical backgrounds, developments,
universal themes and roles of religion in society. There is
particular emphasis on the recurring role of religion in all
societies and throughout recorded history. Crucially the sociology
of religion does not involve an assessment of the
truth-claims particular to a religion, though the process of
comparing multiple conflicting dogmas may require what Peter Berger
has described as inherent 'methodological atheism'. Sociologists of
religion attempt to explain the effects of society on religion and
the effects of religion on society; in other words, their
dialectical relationship. It may be said that the
discipline of sociology began with the analysis of
religion in Durkheim's 1897 study of suicide rates amongst Catholic and Protestant populations.
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| Max Weber | |
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 German political economist and sociologist |
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| Born | April 21, 1864 Erfurt, Germany |
| Died | June 14, 1920 Munich, Germany |
Maximilian Carl Emil Weber (IPA: [maks ˈveːbɐ]) (April 21, 1864 – June 14, 1920) was a German political economist and sociologist who is considered one of the founders of the modern study of sociology and public administration. He began his career at the University of Berlin, and later worked at Freiburg University, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna and University of Munich. He was influential in contemporary German politics, being an advisor to Germany's negotiators at the Treaty of Versailles and to the commission charged with drafting the Weimar Constitution.
His major works[1] deal
with rationalisation in sociology of religion and government, but he also contributed
much in the field of economics. His most famous work is his essay
The
Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism, which began
his work in the sociology of religion. In this work, Weber argued that
religion was one of the non-exclusive reasons for the different
ways the cultures of the Occident and the Orient have developed, and stressed importance
of particular characteristics of ascetic Protestantism which led to the
development of capitalism, bureaucracy and the rational-legal state in the West. In another major work, Politics as a Vocation,
Weber defined the state as an entity which claims a monopoly on the legitimate use of physical
force, a definition that became pivotal to the study of modern
Western political science. His most known
contributions are often referred to as the 'Weber Thesis'.
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Welcome to Wikiversity's School of Sociology which is part of the Social Sciences.
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Sociology is the scientific study of individual behaviour in society. In sociology, we seek to understand human social interaction.
Sociology can be examined from both a micro and macro perspective, though neither can be divorced from the other. While micro sociology seeks to understand the individual in the context of society, which is referred to as 'Sociological Social Psychology,' macro sociology seeks to understand group behaviour in the context of society.
For a more in depth examination of sociology, visit the SOC 201 Introduction to Sociology course level that provides the basics needed to understand sociology.
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