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This page lists presidents of Panama since both independences, in 1840 and in 1903. See also lists of incumbents.
From 1968 to 1989, the commandant of the Panamanian Defense Forces (known as the National Guard until 1983) was the de facto leader of Panama.
| Candidates | Parties | Votes | % |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ricardo Martinelli | Democratic Change, Patriotic Union Party, Panameñista Party, Nationalist Republican Liberal Movement | 952,333 | 59.97 |
| Balbina Herrera | Democratic Revolutionary Party, People's Party, Liberal Party | 597,227 | 37.70 |
| Guillermo Endara | Fatherland's Moral Vanguard Party | 36,867 | 2.33 |
| Valid votes (turnout 73.99%) | 1,558,445 | 100.0 | |
| Blank votes | 19,105 | 1.17 | |
| Invalid votes | 30,976 | 1.89 | |
| Total votes | 1,636,508 | 100.00 | |
| Source: Tribunal Electoral | |||
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