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.In telecommunications, RS-232 (Recommended Standard 232) is a standard for serial binary single-ended data and control signals connecting between a DTE (Data Terminal Equipment) and a DCE (Data Circuit-terminating Equipment).^ Series - RS-232 Keypad Encoder .
  • Keypad Encoders - 420 Series - RS-232 Keypad Encoder - Storm Interface 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.storm-keypads.com [Source type: Academic]

 ^ We have 1 series for learning Rs-232 .
  • Rs-232 Videos, Tutorials and Screencasts 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC showmedo.com [Source type: General]
  • Rs-232 Videos, Tutorials and Screencasts 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC showmedo.com [Source type: General]

 ^ In the communications world there are Data Terminal Equipment "DTE" and Data Communication Equipment "DCE" interfaces.
  • info on  RS-232-422-485-530-449-V35-HSSI-488-MIL188-g703 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.arcelect.com [Source type: Academic]

 .It is commonly used in computer serial ports.^ This connects to the computers serial port using a DB-9 M/F cable (not supplied).
  • RS232 Adapter - Construction Article - Page 2 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.imagesco.com [Source type: Reference]

 ^ Computer lacks free serial port.
  • 6500 RS232 Troubleshooting 20 September 2009 12:17 UTC www.frye.com [Source type: General]

 ^ A DB-9 Male connector is used to provide a serial port, wired as a DCE (Data Communication Equipment), in accordance with the EIA-574 standard.
  • NB2DSK01 - RS-232 Serial Port - English documentation - The Altium Wiki 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC wiki.altium.com [Source type: Reference]

 A similar ITU-T standard is V.24.

Contents

Scope of the standard

The Electronics Industries Association (EIA) standard RS-232-C[1] as of 1969 defines:
  • Electrical signal characteristics such as voltage levels, signaling rate, timing and slew-rate of signals, voltage withstand level, short-circuit behavior, and maximum load capacitance.
  • Interface mechanical characteristics, pluggable connectors and pin identification.
  • Functions of each circuit in the interface connector.
  • Standard subsets of interface circuits for selected telecom applications.
The standard does not define such elements as
.
  • character encoding (for example, ASCII, Baudot code or EBCDIC)
  • the framing of characters in the data stream (bits per character, start/stop bits, parity)
  • protocols for error detection or algorithms for data compression
  • bit rates for transmission, although the standard says it is intended for bit rates lower than 20,000 bits per second.^ After the data has been transmitted, a stop bit is sent.
    • Introduction to RS232 Serial Communications, What is rs 232, What is RS232 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.taltech.com [Source type: Reference]

     ^ Parity is used to detect transmission errors.

     ^ Default protocol is 8 data bits, 1 or 2 stop bits and no parity.
    • Analog to Digital for connection to RS-232 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.eeci.com [Source type: Reference]

     Many modern devices support speeds of 115,200 bit/s and above
  • power supply to external devices.
.Details of character format and transmission bit rate are controlled by the serial port hardware, often a single integrated circuit called a UART that converts data from parallel to asynchronous start-stop serial form.^ As a tip, the chip that controls the serial data is often called a UART (Universal Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter).
  • RS-232 Technical Bulletin 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.sandman.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ Write a character to the current serial port.

 ^ Serial cables are longer then parallel cables because of the data transmission used.
  • RS-232 Bus Description and EIA232 Pinout 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.interfacebus.com [Source type: Academic]

 .Details of voltage levels, slew rate, and short-circuit behavior are typically controlled by a line-driver that converts from the UART's logic levels to RS-232 compatible signal levels, and a receiver that converts from RS-232 compatible signal levels to the UART's logic levels.^ RS-232 line driver .

 ^ Re: USB to RS-232 converter .
  • USB to RS-232 converter | KernelTrap 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC kerneltrap.org [Source type: General]

 ^ USB to RS-232 Converter .
  • USB to RS-232 Converter - nex-robotics 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.nex-robotics.com [Source type: General]

History

.RS-232 was first introduced in 1962.[2] The original DTEs were electromechanical teletypewriters and the original DCEs were (usually) modems.^ Originated by the DTE to initiate transmission by the DCE. .
  • RS232 Tutorial on Data Interface and cables 20 September 2009 12:17 UTC www.arcelect.com [Source type: Reference]

 ^ The original DTEs were electromechanical teletypewriters and the original DCEs were (usually) modems.

 ^ RS-232 DCE connecter : DB9 - F .

 .When electronic terminals (smart and dumb) began to be used, they were often designed to be interchangeable with teletypes, and so supported RS-232. The C revision of the standard was issued in 1969 in part to accommodate the electrical characteristics of these devices.^ RS-232 standards .

 ^ Learn about the RS-232 standard .

 ^ RS-232 Standard .
.Since application to devices such as computers, printers, test instruments, and so on was not considered by the standard, designers implementing an RS-232 compatible interface on their equipment often interpreted the requirements idiosyncratically.^ RS-232 standards .

 ^ Learn about the RS-232 standard .

 ^ RS-232 Interface Converters .
  • RS-232 Interface Converters 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.cel-mar.pl [Source type: General]

 .Common problems were non-standard pin assignment of circuits on connectors, and incorrect or missing control signals.^ Common problems were non-standard pin assignment of circuits on connectors, and incorrect or missing control signals.

 ^ RS232 serial connector pin assignment .
  • RS232 serial cable pinout information 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.lammertbies.nl [Source type: Academic]

 ^ RS232 connector pin assignment .

 .The lack of adherence to the standards produced a thriving industry of breakout boxes, patch boxes, test equipment, books, and other aids for the connection of disparate equipment.^ The lack of adherence to the standards produced a thriving industry of breakout boxes, patch boxes, test equipment, books, and other aids for the connection of disparate equipment.

 ^ Each of Korenix`s Product line is designed, produced, and tested with High industrial standard.
  • JetPort 5604i Industrial RS-232/422/485 RS-232 100Base-TX Serve KorenixUSA 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.korenix-usa.com [Source type: General]

 ^ While it has largely been supplanted by other interface standards in computer products, it is still used to connect older designs of peripherals, industrial equipment (such as based on PLCs), and console ports, and special purpose equipment such as a cash drawer for a cash register.

 .A common deviation from the standard was to drive the signals at a reduced voltage: the standard requires the transmitter to use +12V and −12V, but requires the receiver to distinguish voltages as low as +3V and -3V. Some manufacturers therefore built transmitters that supplied +5V and -5V and labeled them as "RS-232 compatible."^ The transmitter accepts both RS- 232 and TTL compatible signals as inputs.

 ^ RS-232 standards .

 ^ Learn about the RS-232 standard .
.Later personal computers (and other devices) started to make use of the standard so that they could connect to existing equipment.^ The standard was defined to connect computers to modems.
  • RS232 Serial Port: Free Software, Wiring and Connections 20 September 2009 12:17 UTC www.windmill.co.uk [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ Any other use is outside of the standard.
  • RS232 Serial Port: Free Software, Wiring and Connections 20 September 2009 12:17 UTC www.windmill.co.uk [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ Connecting to other devices .
  • RS232 Wiring Diagrams 20 September 2009 12:17 UTC www.aplawrence.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 .For many years, an RS-232-compatible port was a standard feature for serial communications, such as modem connections, on many computers.^ Serial Communication via RS232 Port .

 ^ Serial Ports: 3 high speed RS-232 ports and 1 high speed.
  • F81865 ebook Download 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.toodoc.com [Source type: Reference]

 ^ What is RS-232 serial?
  • WikiAnswers - To what does RS-232 refer 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC wiki.answers.com [Source type: General]

 .It remained in widespread use into the late 1990s.^ It remained in widespread use into the late 1990s.

 .In personal computer peripherals it has largely been supplanted by other interface standards, such as USB. RS-232 is still used to connect older designs of peripherals, industrial equipment (such PLCs), console ports and special purpose equipment such as a cash drawer for a cash register.^ USB to 4 ports RS-232 Adapter (DB9pin Male) .

 ^ Two serial port RS-232 .

 ^ The DCB Universal Switch connects any one of its ASYNC RS-232 ports to any other port.
  • Performance analysis of the RS-232-C switch on the MAP network. 20 September 2009 12:17 UTC visionman.com [Source type: Academic]
.The standard has been renamed several times during its history as the sponsoring organization changed its name, and has been variously known as EIA RS-232, EIA 232, and most recently as TIA 232. The standard continued to be revised and updated by the Electronic Industries Alliance and since 1988 by the Telecommunications Industry Association (TIA).^ RS-232 standards .

 ^ The standard has been renamed several times during its history as the sponsoring organization changed its name, and has been variously known as EIA RS 232, EIA 232, and most recently as TIA 232.

 ^ This standard supports inter-operability with TIA/EIA-232-F devices.
  • RS-232 Bus Description and EIA232 Pinout 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.interfacebus.com [Source type: Academic]

 [3] .Revision C was issued in a document dated August 1969. Revision D was issued in 1986. The current revision is TIA-232-F Interface Between Data Terminal Equipment and Data Circuit-Terminating Equipment Employing Serial Binary Data Interchange, issued in 1997. Changes since Revision C have been in timing and details intended to improve harmonization with the CCITT standard V.24, but equipment built to the current standard will interoperate with older versions.^ RS-232 interface standard on all GP-Series Balances .
  • RS-232 interface standard on all GP-Series Balances 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC balances.com [Source type: General]

 ^ The standard ADC-16 will be supplied with an RS-232 serial interface.
  • Analog to Digital for connection to RS-232 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.eeci.com [Source type: Reference]

 ^ The standard STA-16 will be supplied with an RS-232 serial interface.
  • Analog to Digital for connection to RS-232 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.eeci.com [Source type: Reference]

Limitations of the standard

.Because the application of RS-232 has extended far beyond the original purpose of interconnecting a terminal with a modem, successor standards have been developed to address the limitations.^ RS-232 standards .

 ^ RS 232 Standard?
  • WikiAnswers - To what does RS-232 refer 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC wiki.answers.com [Source type: General]

 ^ Compliant with RS-232 or RS-485 standards .
  • Laureate Options & Machanical | RS-232 & RS-485 Options 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.flw.com [Source type: Academic]

 Issues with the RS-232 standard include:[4]
.
  • The large voltage swings and requirement for positive and negative supplies increases power consumption of the interface and complicates power supply design.^ No power supply required .

     ^ I use a 10VAC plug pack adapter that used to be the power supply for a modem, but you can use pretty much any voltage between say 6 and 15 volts.
    • DontTronics AVR RS-232 Programmer. 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.dontronics.com [Source type: General]

     ^ Power Supply requirement: 5V DC , stabilized and filtered Parallel Outputs: 5, TTL (0/5V), 30 mA sink/source Parallel Inputs: 8 TTL (0/5V), Schmitt -Trigger characteristics.
    • RS-232 / I²C-Adapter & Parallel I/O Module 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC sxlist.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

     .The voltage swing requirement also limits the upper speed of a compatible interface.
  • Single-ended signaling referred to a common signal ground limits the noise immunity and transmission distance.
  • Multi-drop connection among more than two devices is not defined.^ Interface Electrical All signals are measured in reference to a common ground, which is called the signal ground (AB).
    • serial interface, rs232, DTE, DCE cables, rs232 pinouts, DB25 Null-modem cable, DB25 to DB9 DTE - DCE cable, etc. 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.connectworld.net [Source type: Reference]

     ^ All signals are measured in reference to a common ground, which is called the signal ground (AB).
    • RS232 Tutorial on Data Interface and cables 20 September 2009 12:17 UTC www.arcelect.com [Source type: Reference]

     ^ Pin 7 - Ground All signals are referenced to a common ground, as defined by the voltage on pin 7.

     .While multi-drop "work-arounds" have been devised, they have limitations in speed and compatibility.
  • Asymmetrical definitions of the two ends of the link make the assignment of the role of a newly developed device problematic; the designer must decide on either a DTE-like or DCE-like interface and which connector pin assignments to use.
  • The handshaking and control lines of the interface are intended for the setup and takedown of a dial-up communication circuit; in particular, the use of handshake lines for flow control is not reliably implemented in many devices.
  • No method is specified for sending power to a device.^ IMPORTANT: This cable employs NO handshaking lines between devices.

     ^ Pins 4 and 5 are handling flow control.
    • RouterGod » Mister Rogers Explains The RS 232 Pinout 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.routergod.com [Source type: General]

     ^ The above cable has no Flow Control mechanism.
    • Tech Info - Serial Interface Properties 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.zytrax.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

     While a small amount of current can be extracted from the DTR and RTS lines, this is only suitable for low power devices such as mice.
  • The 25-way connector recommended in the standard is large compared to current practice.

Role in modern personal computers

PCI Express x1 card with one RS-232 port
Main article: Serial port
.In the book PC 97 Hardware Design Guide,[5] Microsoft deprecated support for the RS-232 compatible serial port of the original IBM PC design.^ Support hardware peripheral (File, Serial Port RS-232, TCP connection...
  • Best free rs 232 downloads. Small diagnostic program used to monitor RS 232 communications between devices. No physical cable is required (Spy COMM Sniffer monitor and debug) 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.freedownloadmanager.org [Source type: General]
  • Rs-232 downloads at VicMan 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC vicman.net [Source type: Academic]

 ^ Serial Ports: 3 high speed RS-232 ports and 1 high speed.
  • F81865 ebook Download 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.toodoc.com [Source type: Reference]

 ^ RS-232 Guide .
  • RS-232 Guide 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.techheap.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 .Today, RS-232 has mostly been replaced in personal computers by USB for local communications.^ USB & RS-232 Data Cable .
  • USB & RS-232 Data Cable RC Battery Charger - TME302 RC Flight Accessory Battery Charger 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.hobby-lobby.com [Source type: General]

 ^ USB to RS-232 Adaptors .
  • Graphi-Q Serial Port RS-232 & USB Connection 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.sabine.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
  • Graphi-Q Serial Port RS-232 & USB Connection 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.sabine.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ USB & RS-232 Data Cable.
  • USB & RS-232 Data Cable RC Battery Charger - TME302 RC Flight Accessory Battery Charger 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.hobby-lobby.com [Source type: General]

 .Compared with RS-232, USB is faster, uses lower voltages, and has connectors that are simpler to connect and use.^ USB to Quad RS-232 Adapter .

 ^ USB & RS-232 Data Cable .
  • USB & RS-232 Data Cable RC Battery Charger - TME302 RC Flight Accessory Battery Charger 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.hobby-lobby.com [Source type: General]

 ^ The RS-232 ComProbe II can be used: .
  • RS-232 ComProbe II for NetDecoder; Monitors and captures Asynchronous RS-232 Serial Communications 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.fte.com [Source type: General]
  • RS-232 ComProbe II for Serialtest; Monitors and captures Asynchronous RS-232 Serial Communications 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.fte.com [Source type: General]

 .Both standards have software support in popular operating systems.^ Software, operating systems and more .
  • Help needed.Transferring video to PC with Sharp VL-PD3H 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC forums.afterdawn.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ The Control4 ® operating system supports more than 5,000 products and product lines from top manufacturers.
  • Stock Market Information | FinancialContent.com 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC finance.boston.com [Source type: General]

 ^ CMX Systems announces CMX-RTX and CMX-TINY+ Real-Time Operating Systems support for Energy Micro’s EFM®32 Family .
  • Applied System Design: News on computing systems, embedded applications & hardware, & development tools from EDN 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.edn.com [Source type: General]

 .USB is designed to make it easy for device drivers to communicate with hardware.^ RS232 communication device driver for the MSP430.
  • Contiki 2.3: ESB RS232 20 September 2009 12:17 UTC www.sics.se [Source type: Academic]

 ^ The RS-232 model can connect to the COM: port of a PC or any other device designed for EIA/TIA RS-232C communications.
  • CCD Barcode Scanner - Model GT-7000 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.usb-port.com [Source type: Reference]

 ^ EZ-View is designed to work with an EZ-Tap™ device providing a unique combination of hardware and software that bypasses the Windows Virtual-COM model and results in greatly reduced latency between the serial data stream and host USB driver.

 .However, there is no direct analog to the terminal programs used to let users communicate directly with serial ports.^ Some use the "programming port" for this.
  • Your Personal PLC Tutor Site - RS-232 Ladder 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.plcs.net [Source type: General]

 ^ Serial Communication via RS232 Port: .
  • Serial Communication via RS-232: bioscom example -ElectroSofts.com 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC electrosofts.com [Source type: Reference]

 ^ The program will redirect to any direction Serial/File/TCP Port & Keyboard.
  • Rs-232 downloads at VicMan 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC vicman.net [Source type: Academic]

 .USB is more complex than the RS-232 standard because it includes a protocol for transferring data to devices.^ USB & RS-232 Data Cable .
  • USB & RS-232 Data Cable RC Battery Charger - TME302 RC Flight Accessory Battery Charger 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.hobby-lobby.com [Source type: General]

 ^ RS-232 data stream .
  • CN Counters — NCAR | Earth Observing Laboratory 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.eol.ucar.edu [Source type: Academic]

 ^ RS-232 standards .

 .This requires more software to support the protocol used.^ Set Software Handshaking or Flow Control Xon \ Xoff Handshaking is a software protocol that is often used to control data flow.
  • RS232 Serial Port: Free Software, Wiring and Connections 20 September 2009 12:17 UTC www.windmill.co.uk [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ Simplified software development using virtually any programming language that supports serial communications, including GW Basic, Quick Basic, Visual Basic, C, Visual C, Assembly and many others.
  • Analog to Digital for connection to RS-232 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.eeci.com [Source type: Reference]

 ^ Bipolar signaling is used in the RS-232 protocol to support long cabling with minimum noise.

 .RS-232 only standardizes the voltage of signals and the functions of the physical interface pins.^ RS-232 standards .

 ^ The standard ADC-16 will be supplied with an RS-232 serial interface.
  • Analog to Digital for connection to RS-232 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.eeci.com [Source type: Reference]

 ^ The standard STA-16 will be supplied with an RS-232 serial interface.
  • Analog to Digital for connection to RS-232 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.eeci.com [Source type: Reference]

 .Serial ports of personal computers are also sometimes used to directly control various hardware devices, such as relays or lamps, since the control lines of the interface can be easily manipulated by software.^ It is commonly used in computer serial ports, controllers, data communication etc.

 ^ With software flow control the RTS and CTS lines are not used.
  • Introduction to RS232 Serial Communications, What is rs 232, What is RS232 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.taltech.com [Source type: Reference]

 ^ Use Serial Port component to easily communicate with external devices on Rs232 ...
  • Download Rs232 Software: Look RS232, Ser232mon, Eltima RS232 Data Logger, ... 20 September 2009 12:17 UTC www.filebuzz.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 .This isn't feasible with USB, which requires some form of receiver to decode the serial data.^ It is suitable for remote access, retail and industrial applications, data collection and other applications requiring a High speed and or LOW serial communications port.
  • USB to Serial RS-232 DB-9 Adapter Cable single-usb-rs-232-adapter 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.usbgear.com [Source type: General]

 ^ Some serial protocols, however, talk "full duplex" meaning that one end can start transmitting while it is still receiving from the other end.
  • RS232: RS232 Connector wiring 20 September 2009 12:17 UTC www.airborn.com.au [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ The I-7561 is a cost-effective module for transfer of serial data over USB. It allows you to connect your serial devices to systems using a USB interface.
  • I-7561: Windows Vista/XP & Linux USB to RS-232/422/485 Converter 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.icpdas-usa.com [Source type: General]
.As an alternative, USB docking ports are available which can provide connectors for a keyboard, mouse, one or more serial ports, and one or more parallel ports.^ USB to serial port converters .
  • USB Serial RS-232 Single DUAL Quad USB Port Solutions ... USB to serial port converters . 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.usbserial.com [Source type: General]

 ^ USB to dual serial port converter with DB-9 connectors.
  • USB Serial RS-232 Single DUAL Quad USB Port Solutions ... USB to serial port converters . 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.usbserial.com [Source type: General]

 ^ Select from a wide variety of PC communications products providing one or more RS-232 ports via UniversalPCI, PCI, CompactPCI, USB, PCMCIA and Serial Device Servers for desktop, laptop, handheld, thin client, and embedded systems.
  • RS-232 Function Type Communications from SuperLogics, Inc. 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.superlogics.com [Source type: General]

 .Corresponding device drivers are required for each USB-connected device to allow programs to access these USB-connected devices as if they were the original directly-connected peripherals.^ To solve this problem, DTE and DCE devices have complementary pinouts to allow terminals and modems to be connected directly using a one-to-one cable (see Figure below).
  • RS-232 Serial Communication Overview by Quatech 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.quatech.com [Source type: Reference]

 ^ However, I've had success with much greater distances in the past, depending on the devices being connected (driver voltages), cable length, cable type, shielded or not, etc.
  • Zonker's RS-232 Clues Page 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.conserver.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ USB interface, and no longer through RS232 converter to connect PC and peripherals more rapid conci ...
  • usb rs232 - Products for usb rs232 - Manufacturers, Exporters, Suppliers, Traders, Companies, Factories 20 September 2009 12:17 UTC www.ec21.com [Source type: General]

 .Devices that convert USB to RS-232 may not work with all software on all personal computers and may cause a reduction in bandwidth along with higher latency.^ RS-232 Baud Rate Converter .

 ^ USB to Quad RS-232 Adapter .

 ^ Basic RS-232 to RS-485 Converters .
  • RS232 to RS485 Converters - RS232 Isolators - RS232 Signal Trackers 20 September 2009 12:17 UTC www.icsdatacom.com [Source type: Academic]
.Personal computers may use the control pins of a serial port to interface to devices such as uninterruptible power supplies.^ Serial port Interface Design .
  • RS232 to RS485 converter RS485 Ethernet RS422 Interface Circuit Detail 20 September 2009 12:17 UTC interface.centraltreasure.com [Source type: Academic]

 ^ Is a user interface the combination of hardware and devices that is used to control the computer?
  • WikiAnswers - To what does RS-232 refer 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC wiki.answers.com [Source type: General]

 ^ Device Type - Serial port extender .
  • Gefen EXT-RS232 RS232 Extender - EXT-RS232 - Buy.com 20 September 2009 12:17 UTC www.buy.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 .In this case, serial data is not sent, but the control lines are used to signal conditions such as loss of power or low battery alarms.^ Port power from RS232 data line .
  • RS232 Isolator, RS232 Opto-Isolator, 7-wire: TX, RX, CTS, RTS, DTR, DSR, GND 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.commfront.com [Source type: Academic]

 ^ The RS-232 controller provides a easy to use interface for the user to communicate data to other devices using the RS-232 serial transmission protocol.
  • RS-232 Controller : Fully programmable & Configurable 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.ipsupermarket.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ The data transmission between each line driver utilizes differential signaling that is immune to electrical interference and therefore makes it ideal for use in light manufacturing and industrial office areas.
  • Serial to ethernet interface converters, RS-232 RS-422 RS-485 TTL CMOS USB serial hub RS-232 distance extenders and more 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.ad-net.com.tw [Source type: Academic]
.Many fields (for example, laboratory automation, surveying) provide a continued demand for RS-232 I/O due to sustained use of very expensive but aging equipment.^ RS-232 Capable Equipment .
  • RS-232 Capable Equipment - AVS Forum 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.avsforum.com [Source type: General]

 ^ The RS-232 ComProbe II can be used: .
  • RS-232 ComProbe II for NetDecoder; Monitors and captures Asynchronous RS-232 Serial Communications 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.fte.com [Source type: General]

 ^ Using RS-232 with Ladder Logic .
  • Your Personal PLC Tutor Site - RS-232 Ladder 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.plcs.net [Source type: General]

 .It is often far cheaper to continue to use RS-232 than it is to replace the equipment.^ RS-232 Capable Equipment .
  • RS-232 Capable Equipment - AVS Forum 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.avsforum.com [Source type: General]

 ^ The RS-232 ComProbe II can be used: .
  • RS-232 ComProbe II for NetDecoder; Monitors and captures Asynchronous RS-232 Serial Communications 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.fte.com [Source type: General]

 ^ Using RS-232 with Ladder Logic .
  • Your Personal PLC Tutor Site - RS-232 Ladder 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.plcs.net [Source type: General]

 .Additionally, modern industrial automation equipment, such as PLCs, VFDs, servo drives, and CNC equipment are programmable via RS-232. Some manufacturers have responded to this demand: Toshiba re-introduced the DE-9M connector on the Tecra laptop.^ Connect RS-232 equipment to Ethernet .
  • NPort 5110 Series  1-port RS-232 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.beaglesoft.com [Source type: General]

 ^ Such is the case with RS-232.
  • Project: RS-232 to TTL cable 20 September 2009 12:17 UTC www.seattlerobotics.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ RS-232 Capable Equipment .
  • RS-232 Capable Equipment - AVS Forum 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.avsforum.com [Source type: General]

 Companies such as Digi International specialise in RS232 I/O cards.

Standard details

.In RS-232, user data is sent as a time-series of bits.^ RS-232 is a serial communication protocol.
  • Bascom and AVR, RS-232. 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.qsl.net [Source type: Reference]

 ^ After the data has been transmitted, a stop bit is sent.
  • Introduction to RS232 Serial Communications, What is rs 232, What is RS232 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.taltech.com [Source type: Reference]

 ^ Two serial port RS-232 .

 .Both synchronous and asynchronous transmissions are supported by the standard.^ Serial communications standards, both specifying mechanical and electrical information, and both represent one of the most common asynchronous serial standards today.
  • Zonker's RS-232 Clues Page 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.conserver.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ Both synchronous and asynchronous transmissions are supported, but asynchronous link sending seven or eight bits packets is most common configuration on PC. RS-232 devices may be classified as Data Terminal Equipment (DTE) or Data Communications Equipment (DCE) - this defines which wires will be sending and receiving each signal.
  • RS-232 (EIA-232) serial interface pinout and wiring @ pinouts.ru 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC pinouts.ru [Source type: Reference]
  • RS-232 (EIA-232) serial interface ���������� � �������� @ pinouts.ru 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC pinouts.ru [Source type: Reference]

 ^ As discussed in the asynchronous and synchronous communication sections, there is more to a serial transmission than simply data.
  • RS-232 Serial Communication Overview by Quatech 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.quatech.com [Source type: Reference]

 .In addition to the data circuits, the standard defines a number of control circuits used to manage the connection between the DTE and DCE. Each data or control circuit only operates in one direction, that is, signaling from a DTE to the attached DCE or the reverse.^ This is used for data interchange, and includes flow control signals.

 ^ The connection of the DCE and the DTE is done with a pluggable connector.
  • Huntington Mechanical Laboratories - www.huntvac.com - RS-232 an introduction 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.huntvac.com [Source type: Reference]

 ^ The Control is used by the DTE and the Indication is the DCE one.
  • RS232 Tutorial on Data Interface and cables 20 September 2009 12:17 UTC www.arcelect.com [Source type: Reference]

 .Since transmit data and receive data are separate circuits, the interface can operate in a full duplex manner, supporting concurrent data flow in both directions.^ Full-duplex data communication .

 ^ Some serial protocols, however, talk "full duplex" meaning that one end can start transmitting while it is still receiving from the other end.
  • RS232: RS232 Connector wiring 20 September 2009 12:17 UTC www.airborn.com.au [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ Although this interface is differential (the receive and transmit have their own floating ground level) it is possible to connect RS232 compatible devices with this interface.
  • RS-232 SPECIFICATIONS AND CABLE INFORMATON 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.mastervideo.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 .The standard does not define character framing within the data stream, or character encoding.^ A Docklight script allows you to execute all basic Docklight functions (sending predefined data sequences, detecting specific sequences within the incoming data stream, ...
  • Rs-232 downloads at VicMan 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC vicman.net [Source type: Academic]

 ^ The RS-232 interface uses Asynchronous Framing [Known data width, 8bits] with NRZ encoding.
  • RS-232 Bus Description and EIA232 Pinout 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.interfacebus.com [Source type: Academic]

 ^ The standard defines how computers (it calls them Data Terminal Equipment or DTEs) connect to modems (it calls them Data Communication Equipment or DCEs).
  • RS232 Serial Port: Free Software, Wiring and Connections 20 September 2009 12:17 UTC www.windmill.co.uk [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

Voltage levels

Diagrammatic oscilloscope trace of voltage levels for an uppercase ASCII "K" character (0x4b) with 1 start bit, 8 data bits, 1 stop bit
.The RS-232 standard defines the voltage levels that correspond to logical one and logical zero levels for the data transmission and the control signal lines.^ RS-232 line driver .

 ^ RS-232 data stream .
  • CN Counters — NCAR | Earth Observing Laboratory 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.eol.ucar.edu [Source type: Academic]

 ^ RS-232 standards .

 .Valid signals are plus or minus 3 to 15 volts - the range near zero volts is not a valid RS-232 level.^ RS-232 signals .
  • RS-232 (EIA-232) serial interface ���������� � �������� @ pinouts.ru 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC pinouts.ru [Source type: Reference]

 ^ RS-232 defines the purpose and signal timing for each of the 25 lines; however, many applications use less than a dozen.
  • RF DesignLine : Design Resource for Automotive Engineering 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.rfdesignline.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
  • EETimes Encyclopedia 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.eetimes.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ The standard specifies a maximum open-circuit voltage of 25 volts, but common signal levels are 5 V, 10 V, 12 V, and 15 V. Circuits driving an RS-232-compatible interface must be able to withstand indefinite short circuit to ground or to any voltage level up to 25 volts.
  • RS-232 (EIA-232) serial interface ���������� � �������� @ pinouts.ru 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC pinouts.ru [Source type: Reference]

 .The standard specifies a maximum open-circuit voltage of 25 volts: signal levels of ±5 V, ±10 V, ±12 V, and ±15 V are all commonly seen depending on the power supplies available within a device.^ Requires an isolated 12 volt power supply (specify PS-GP-1 adapter).
  • Analog to Digital for connection to RS-232 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.eeci.com [Source type: Reference]

 ^ Fifty feet is commonly quoted as the maximum distance, but this is not specified in the standard.
  • RS232 Serial Port: Free Software, Wiring and Connections 20 September 2009 12:17 UTC www.windmill.co.uk [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ The standard specifies a maximum open-circuit voltage of 25 volts, but common signal levels are 5 V, 10 V, 12 V, and 15 V. Circuits driving an RS-232-compatible interface must be able to withstand indefinite short circuit to ground or to any voltage level up to 25 volts.
  • RS-232 (EIA-232) serial interface pinout and wiring @ pinouts.ru 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC pinouts.ru [Source type: Reference]

 .RS-232 drivers and receivers must be able to withstand indefinite short circuit to ground or to any voltage level up to ±25 volts.^ RS-232 line driver .

 ^ RS-232 DB-9 to DB-25 Conversion .
  • RS232 RS-232 RS-232C, RS232 Tutorial, RS232 Converters, RS232 Software 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.rs232.ws [Source type: Academic]

 ^ The standard specifies a maximum open-circuit voltage of 25 volts, but common signal levels are 5 V, 10 V, 12 V, and 15 V. Circuits driving an RS-232-compatible interface must be able to withstand indefinite short circuit to ground or to any voltage level up to 25 volts.
  • RS-232 (EIA-232) serial interface pinout and wiring @ pinouts.ru 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC pinouts.ru [Source type: Reference]
  • RS-232 (EIA-232) serial interface ���������� � �������� @ pinouts.ru 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC pinouts.ru [Source type: Reference]

 .The slew rate, or how fast the signal changes between levels, is also controlled.^ Signals : How RS232 works with signal levels .

 ^ This document describes how RS232 works at the physical level so you will know what signals you can expect to see at the microcontroller pins.

 ^ The output signal level usually swings between +12v and -12v.
  • Sangoma :: Rs232 Rs422 and V35 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.sangoma.com [Source type: Reference]
.For data transmission lines (TxD, RxD and their secondary channel equivalents) logic one is defined as a negative voltage, the signal condition is called marking, and has the functional significance.^ The two pins are TXD & RXD. There are other lines on this port as RTS, CTS, DSR, DTR, and RTS, RI. The 1 and 0 are the data which defines a voltage level of 3V to 25V and -3V to -25V respectively.
  • Serial Communication via RS-232: bioscom example -ElectroSofts.com 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC electrosofts.com [Source type: Reference]

 ^ Pins above 9 are mainly for synchronous signaling systems, or in cases where a primary and secondary data channel are used.
  • ITU/CCITT-EIA-Bell RS-232 Pin Assignment Reference 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC nemesis.lonestar.org [Source type: Reference]

 ^ RS-232 defines the purpose and signal timing for each of the 25 lines; however, many applications use less than a dozen.
  • Programmable Logic DesignLine : Design Resource for Automotive Engineering 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.pldesignline.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
  • Power Management DesignLine : Design Resource for Automotive Engineering 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.powermanagementdesignline.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
  • Wireless Net DesignLine : Design Resource for Automotive Engineering 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.wirelessnetdesignline.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
  • EETimes Encyclopedia 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.eetimes.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 .Logic zero is positive and the signal condition is termed spacing.^ If the line goes "off-hook", a fault condition is detected, or a voice connection is established, the DCE Ready signal is deasserted (logic '1', negative voltage).

 ^ Mark parity means that the parity bit is always set to the mark signal condition and likewise space parity always sends the parity bit in the space signal condition.
  • Introduction to RS232 Serial Communications, What is rs 232, What is RS232 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.taltech.com [Source type: Reference]

 ^ Pin 4 - Request to Send (RTS) This signal is asserted (logic '0', positive voltage) to prepare the DCE device for accepting transmitted data from the DTE device.

 .Control signals are logically inverted with respect to what one would see on the data transmission lines.^ V and to receive a logic one the voltage must be smaller than -3V. This allows for losses as the signal travels down the cable and provides noise immunity i.e.

 ^ So you need flow control , the pacing of data in a transmission to ensure that the receiver can process what has already been sent before transmitting more.
  • Networks: RS-232 to TCP/IP 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.robelle.com [Source type: Reference]

 ^ TOC Equivalent Circuit - All signal lines, regardless of whether they provide data, timing, or control information, may be represented by the electrical equivalent circuit shown here: .

 .When one of these signals is active, the voltage on the line will be between +3 to +15 volts.^ I use a 10VAC plug pack adapter that used to be the power supply for a modem, but you can use pretty much any voltage between say 6 and 15 volts.
  • DontTronics AVR RS-232 Programmer. 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.dontronics.com [Source type: General]

 ^ The standard specifies a maximum open-circuit voltage of 25 volts, but common signal levels are 5 V, 10 V, 12 V, and 15 V. Circuits driving an RS-232-compatible interface must be able to withstand indefinite short circuit to ground or to any voltage level up to 25 volts.
  • RS-232 (EIA-232) serial interface pinout and wiring @ pinouts.ru 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC pinouts.ru [Source type: Reference]

 ^ V and to receive a logic one the voltage must be smaller than -3V. This allows for losses as the signal travels down the cable and provides noise immunity i.e.

 .The inactive state for these signals would be the opposite voltage condition, between -3 and -15 volts.^ I use a 10VAC plug pack adapter that used to be the power supply for a modem, but you can use pretty much any voltage between say 6 and 15 volts.
  • DontTronics AVR RS-232 Programmer. 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.dontronics.com [Source type: General]

 ^ The standard specifies a maximum open-circuit voltage of 25 volts, but common signal levels are 5 V, 10 V, 12 V, and 15 V. Circuits driving an RS-232-compatible interface must be able to withstand indefinite short circuit to ground or to any voltage level up to 25 volts.
  • RS-232 (EIA-232) serial interface pinout and wiring @ pinouts.ru 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC pinouts.ru [Source type: Reference]

 ^ So, to connect a microcontroller SCI port to a true RS-232 device, you need to convert the TTL voltages of 0 and +5 into voltages between about -10 volts and +10 volts.
  • Project: RS-232 to TTL cable 20 September 2009 12:17 UTC www.seattlerobotics.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 .Examples of control lines would include request to send (RTS), clear to send (CTS), data terminal ready (DTR), and data set ready (DSR).^ Clear To Send (CTS) Incoming flow control signal .
  • Introduction to RS232 Serial Communications, What is rs 232, What is RS232 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.taltech.com [Source type: Reference]

 ^ If it succeeded it would set CTS and the computer would transmit data.
  • RS232 Serial Port: Free Software, Wiring and Connections 20 September 2009 12:17 UTC www.windmill.co.uk [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ Request To Send (RTS) Outgoing flow control signal controlled by DTE .
  • Introduction to RS232 Serial Communications, What is rs 232, What is RS232 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.taltech.com [Source type: Reference]
.Because the voltage levels are higher than logic levels typically used by integrated circuits, special intervening driver circuits are required to translate logic levels.^ No special drivers or handshaking required.
  • Analog to Digital for connection to RS-232 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.eeci.com [Source type: Reference]

 ^ Special drivers or handshaking are not required.
  • Analog to Digital for connection to RS-232 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.eeci.com [Source type: Reference]

 ^ V and to receive a logic one the voltage must be smaller than -3V. This allows for losses as the signal travels down the cable and provides noise immunity i.e.

 .These also protect the device's internal circuitry from short circuits or transients that may appear on the RS-232 interface, and provide sufficient current to comply with the slew rate requirements for data transmission.^ RS-232 data stream .
  • CN Counters — NCAR | Earth Observing Laboratory 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.eol.ucar.edu [Source type: Academic]

 ^ RS-232 and Sunny Data.
  • RS-232 and Sunny Data. - SMA America Community Forums 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC forums.sma-america.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
  • RS-232 and Sunny Data. - SMA America Community Forums 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC forums.sma-america.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ PMD industrial modem with RS-232 and RS-485 interface and data .
  • Performance analysis of the RS-232-C switch on the MAP network. 20 September 2009 12:17 UTC visionman.com [Source type: Academic]
.Because both ends of the RS-232 circuit depend on the ground pin being zero volts, problems will occur when connecting machinery and computers where the voltage between the ground pin on one end, and the ground pin on the other is not zero.^ Pin RS-232 Port .
  • Graphi-Q Serial Port RS-232 & USB Connection 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.sabine.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
  • Graphi-Q Serial Port RS-232 & USB Connection 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.sabine.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ Pin 3 of the DB9 connector will see voltage levels between -9 and +9 Volts.
  • Bascom and AVR, RS-232. 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.qsl.net [Source type: Reference]

 ^ This little PCB has all the RS-232 pins on it’s end.

 This may also cause a hazardous ground loop. .Use of a common ground limits RS-232 to applications with relatively short cable lengths.^ Universal RS-232 Cable .
  • RS-232 & PC Accessories 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.sandman.com [Source type: General]

 ^ Datavideo RS-232 Remote Cable .

 ^ RS-232 Cable $62 .
  • RS-232 Cable Cables and Connectors - Find great deals, lowest prices, and buy RS-232 Cable Cables and Connectors at Shopping.com 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.shopping.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 .If the two devices are far enough apart or on separate power systems, the local ground connections at either end of the cable will have differing voltages; this difference will reduce the noise margin of the signals.^ Protected signal ground connection .

 ^ To connect two DCE devices, use a male-to-male equivalent of this cable.

 ^ To solve this problem, DTE and DCE devices have complementary pinouts to allow terminals and modems to be connected directly using a one-to-one cable (see Figure below).
  • RS-232 Serial Communication Overview by Quatech 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.quatech.com [Source type: Reference]

 .Balanced, differential, serial connections such as USB, RS-422 and RS-485 can tolerate larger ground voltage differences because of the differential signaling.^ Converts 4 wire RS-422 to 2-wire RS-485 .

 ^ Ethernet, USB, RS-232, RS-422 and RS-485 versions .

 ^ Connect in series with any RS-232 interface .

 [6].
.Unused interface signals terminated to ground will have an undefined logic state.^ Signal Ground 8 = Carrier Detect 20 = Error (Data Terminal Ready) 25 = Power .
  • Machinery RS232 communications settings for CNC controls including fanuc and mitsubishi 20 September 2009 12:17 UTC www.machinetoolhelp.com [Source type: General]

 ^ Changes in signal state from logic '1' to logic '0' or vice versa must abide by several requirements, as follows: .

 ^ Signal State Voltage Assignments - Voltages of -3v to -25v with respect to signal ground (pin 7) are considered logic '1' (the marking condition), whereas voltages of +3v to +25v are considered logic '0' (the spacing condition).

 .Where it is necessary to permanently set a control signal to a defined state, it must be connected to a voltage source that asserts the logic 1 or logic 0 level.^ The line voltage level can have two states.
  • RS-232 SPECIFICATIONS AND CABLE INFORMATON 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.mastervideo.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ Over the years this has been updated: the most commonly used version of the standard is RS232C (sometimes known as EIA232); the most recent is RS232E. The standard defines the electrical and mechanical characteristics of the connection - including the function of the signals and handshake pins, the voltage levels and maximum bit rate.
  • RS232 Serial Port: Free Software, Wiring and Connections 20 September 2009 12:17 UTC www.windmill.co.uk [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ V and to receive a logic one the voltage must be smaller than -3V. This allows for losses as the signal travels down the cable and provides noise immunity i.e.

 .Some devices provide test voltages on their interface connectors for this purpose.^ Some mainframe or minicomputers with serial ports have their connectors configured as DCE devices so that DTE devices may be connected without conversion cables.
  • ITU/CCITT-EIA-Bell RS-232 Pin Assignment Reference 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC nemesis.lonestar.org [Source type: Reference]

 ^ RS232-level serial interface are provided on the interface connector.
  • usb rs232 - Products for usb rs232 - Manufacturers, Exporters, Suppliers, Traders, Companies, Factories 20 September 2009 12:17 UTC www.ec21.com [Source type: General]

 ^ Several models provide a Test Signal Generator to verify both device and fiber optic link operation.
  • TC Communications Fiber Optic Multiplexers - Fiber Optic Modems,Multiplexers, Multidrop (SCADA) Modem, RS-232, RS-422, RS-485,V.35, T1/E1,T3/E3, Intercom/V 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.tccomm.com [Source type: Academic]

Connectors

.RS-232 devices may be classified as Data Terminal Equipment (DTE) or Data Circuit-terminating Equipment (DCE); this defines at each device which wires will be sending and receiving each signal.^ The signal assignments for the RS-232 wires follow.
  • RS-232 Serial Communication Overview by Quatech 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.quatech.com [Source type: Reference]

 ^ PM RS-232 and Sunny Data.
  • RS-232 and Sunny Data. - SMA America Community Forums 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC forums.sma-america.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
  • RS-232 and Sunny Data. - SMA America Community Forums 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC forums.sma-america.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ DTE is the Data Terminal Equipment, such as a serial terminal or a desktop computer.
  • ITU/CCITT-EIA-Bell RS-232 Pin Assignment Reference 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC nemesis.lonestar.org [Source type: Reference]

 .The standard recommended but did not make mandatory the D-subminiature 25 pin connector.^ The standard stipulates the use of a subminature D connector with 25 pins (the DB 25-pin) connector.
  • ITU/CCITT-EIA-Bell RS-232 Pin Assignment Reference 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC nemesis.lonestar.org [Source type: Reference]

 ^ Pin designation for the 25-pin and 9-pin DB connector .
  • Huntington Mechanical Laboratories - www.huntvac.com - RS-232 an introduction 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.huntvac.com [Source type: Reference]

 ^ They also made some with parallel and a few USB. I think the serial port were T88IIIS and the parallel were T88IIIP. If it's serial it may have either a 25 or 9-pin connector.
  • epson tm-t88III 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.computing.net [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 .In general and according to the standard, terminals and computers have male connectors with DTE pin functions, and modems have female connectors with DCE pin functions.^ Go to DTE Pinout (looking into the computer's serial connector) Go to DCE Pinout (looking into the modem's serial connector) .

 ^ DB-25 CONNECTOR, DTE FEMALE .
  • Cabling Guide for Console and AUX Ports - Cisco Systems 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.cisco.com [Source type: Academic]

 ^ DTE to DCE is the speed between your modem and computer, sometimes referred to as your terminal speed.
  • Interfacing The Serial / RS-232 Port 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.beyondlogic.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
  • Serial Communication via RS-232: bioscom example -ElectroSofts.com 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC electrosofts.com [Source type: Reference]

 .Other devices may have any combination of connector gender and pin definitions.^ They also made some with parallel and a few USB. I think the serial port were T88IIIS and the parallel were T88IIIP. If it's serial it may have either a 25 or 9-pin connector.
  • epson tm-t88III 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.computing.net [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ Three 25-pin RS-232 connectors at the other end of cable to connect to devices with RS-232 ports.
  • http://support.3com.com/infodeli/tools/bridrout/u_guides/html/nb2hw/modules/rs232_3p/instal00.htm 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC support.3com.com [Source type: Reference]

 ^ Connect the other end of the adapter labeled "To DTE" to the 25-pin connector on the DTE device (such as a cluster controller).
  • http://support.3com.com/infodeli/tools/bridrout/u_guides/html/nb2hw/modules/rs232_3p/instal00.htm 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC support.3com.com [Source type: Reference]

 .Many terminals were manufactured with female terminals but were sold with a cable with male connectors at each end; the terminal with its cable satisfied the recommendations in the standard.^ DB-25 Male to DB-25 Female Cable .
  • RS-232 & PC Accessories 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.sandman.com [Source type: General]

 ^ This cable has a female DB-25 connector on one end and a male DB-25 connector on the other end.
  • Cabling Guide for Console and AUX Ports - Cisco Systems 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.cisco.com [Source type: Academic]

 ^ DB-9 Female to DB-25 Male Cable .
  • RS-232 & PC Accessories 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.sandman.com [Source type: General]
.Presence of a 25 pin D-sub connector does not necessarily indicate an RS-232-C compliant interface.^ The standard RS-232-C connector has 25 pins, 21 pins which are used in the complete standard.
  • Huntington Mechanical Laboratories - www.huntvac.com - RS-232 an introduction 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.huntvac.com [Source type: Reference]

 ^ RS-232 and GPIB interfaces .
  • SR245 - Computer Interface 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.thinksrs.com [Source type: Academic]

 ^ Mechanical Characteristics : The connector for the RS-232-C is a 25 pin connector with a specific arrangement of wires.
  • Huntington Mechanical Laboratories - www.huntvac.com - RS-232 an introduction 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.huntvac.com [Source type: Reference]

 .For example, on the original IBM PC, a male D-sub was an RS-232-C DTE port (with a non-standard current loop interface on reserved pins), but the female D-sub connector was used for a parallel Centronics printer port.^ USB to 4 ports RS-232 Adapter (DB9pin Male) .

 ^ Standard Non-isolated RS-232 to RS-485 converters .

 ^ Two serial port RS-232 .

 .Some personal computers put non-standard voltages or signals on some pins of their serial ports.^ Converts a standard 9-pin serial port to USB. Ide ...
  • usb rs232 - Products for usb rs232 - Manufacturers, Exporters, Suppliers, Traders, Companies, Factories 20 September 2009 12:17 UTC www.ec21.com [Source type: General]

 ^ They also made some with parallel and a few USB. I think the serial port were T88IIIS and the parallel were T88IIIP. If it's serial it may have either a 25 or 9-pin connector.
  • epson tm-t88III 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.computing.net [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ Standard RS232 Fanuc serial port : (DB25 Female to honda) .
  • Machinery RS232 communications settings for CNC controls including fanuc and mitsubishi 20 September 2009 12:17 UTC www.machinetoolhelp.com [Source type: General]
.The standard specifies 20 different signal connections.^ Many of the 22 signal lines in the EIA232 standard pertain to connections where the DCE device is a modem, and then are used only when the software protocol employs them.

 ^ RS-232 is a standard for serial binary data signals connecting between a DTE (Data Terminal Equipment) and a DCE (Data Circuit-terminating Equipment).

 ^ It contains the standard connections of an asynchronous null modem cable, plus additional connections on pins 15, 17, and 24 for synchronous timing signals.

 .Since most devices use only a few signals, smaller connectors can often be used.^ Most manufacturers use a completely different protocols from each other, so no two devices will respond to the same commands in the same way.
  • RS-232 Capable Equipment - AVS Forum 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.avsforum.com [Source type: General]

 ^ Pin 25 - Test Mode (TM) This signal is relevant only when the DCE device is a modem.

 ^ The problem came when the Sipix A6 used 5 signals (I believe it is the TXD, RXD, GND, DCD, CTS) and the HMI interface only sent out 3 signals (TXD, RXD, GND).
  • RS232 Wiring Diagrams 20 September 2009 12:17 UTC www.aplawrence.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 .For example, the 9 pin DE-9 connector was used by most IBM-compatible PCs since the IBM PC AT, and has been standardized as TIA-574. More recently, modular connectors have been used.^ I will describe the connections for the DB-9 connector as this is found on most IBM-PCs.

 ^ Over the years this has been updated: the most commonly used version of the standard is RS232C (sometimes known as EIA232); the most recent is RS232E. The standard defines the electrical and mechanical characteristics of the connection - including the function of the signals and handshake pins, the voltage levels and maximum bit rate.
  • RS232 Serial Port: Free Software, Wiring and Connections 20 September 2009 12:17 UTC www.windmill.co.uk [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ This can be done using a UART. On the software side of things, there are many more registers that you have to attend to than on a Standard Parallel Port.
  • Interfacing The Serial / RS-232 Port 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.beyondlogic.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 Most common are 8P8C connectors. .Standard EIA/TIA 561 specifies a pin assignment, but the "Yost Serial Device Wiring Standard" invented by Dave Yost (and popularized by the Unix System Administration Handbook) is common on Unix computers and newer devices from Cisco Systems.^ EIA/TIA RS-232C standard .
  • RS232 Isolator, RS232 Opto-Isolator, 7-wire: TX, RX, CTS, RTS, DTR, DSR, GND 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.commfront.com [Source type: Academic]

 ^ The assignment of function to pin were copied with few changed for the ITU/CCITT standard.
  • ITU/CCITT-EIA-Bell RS-232 Pin Assignment Reference 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC nemesis.lonestar.org [Source type: Reference]

 ^ The CCITT only defines a Sub-D 25 pins version where the EIA/TIA has two versions RS232C and RS232D which are resp.
  • serial interface, rs232, DTE, DCE cables, rs232 pinouts, DB25 Null-modem cable, DB25 to DB9 DTE - DCE cable, etc. 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.connectworld.net [Source type: Reference]

 .Many devices don't use either of these standards.^ This can be done using a UART. On the software side of things, there are many more registers that you have to attend to than on a Standard Parallel Port.
  • Interfacing The Serial / RS-232 Port 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.beyondlogic.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ The down side to using either RS422 or RS485 with a computer is the requirement for an additional expansion card that provides these interfaces as neither come standard on a PC. .
  • RS232 Serial Interface - a knol by Leroy Davis 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC knol.google.com [Source type: General]

 ^ Almost all devices transmit data using either 7 or 8 databits.
  • Introduction to RS232 Serial Communications, What is rs 232, What is RS232 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.taltech.com [Source type: Reference]

 .10P10C connectors can be found on some devices as well.^ Some mainframe or minicomputers with serial ports have their connectors configured as DCE devices so that DTE devices may be connected without conversion cables.
  • ITU/CCITT-EIA-Bell RS-232 Pin Assignment Reference 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC nemesis.lonestar.org [Source type: Reference]

 ^ Some connectors have no official designation, usually because AT&T was using that contact in a similar connector for some function specific to a proprietary device that AT&T sold.
  • ITU/CCITT-EIA-Bell RS-232 Pin Assignment Reference 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC nemesis.lonestar.org [Source type: Reference]

 .Digital Equipment Corporation defined their own DECconnect connection system which was based on the Modified Modular Jack (MMJ) connector.^ The DA-1 may be connected to other types of digital equipment which will provide eight TTL level outputs for connection to the DA-1.
  • Analog to Digital for connection to RS-232 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.eeci.com [Source type: Reference]

 ^ The standard defines how computers (it calls them Data Terminal Equipment or DTEs) connect to modems (it calls them Data Communication Equipment or DCEs).
  • RS232 Serial Port: Free Software, Wiring and Connections 20 September 2009 12:17 UTC www.windmill.co.uk [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 This is a 6 pin modular jack where the key is offset from the center position. .As with the Yost standard, DECconnect uses a symmetrical pin layout which enables the direct connection between two DTEs.^ Null modem is used to connect two DTE's together.
  • Serial Communication via RS-232: bioscom example -ElectroSofts.com 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC electrosofts.com [Source type: Reference]

 ^ A Null Modem is used to connect two DTE's together.
  • Interfacing The Serial / RS-232 Port 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.beyondlogic.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ The pin connections used are: .
  • RS232 Serial Port: Free Software, Wiring and Connections 20 September 2009 12:17 UTC www.windmill.co.uk [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 .Another common connector is the DH10 header connector common on motherboards and add-in cards which is usually converted via a cable to the more standard 9 pin DE-9 connector (and frequently mounted on a free slot plate or other part of the housing).^ For mounting drives, cards and motherboards in cases.
  • RS-232 & PC Accessories 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.sandman.com [Source type: General]

 ^ Standard shorting pins for headers.
  • RS-232 & PC Accessories 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.sandman.com [Source type: General]

 ^ That page also describes the pinout for the rs232d standard which uses rj45 connectors but says nothing about the type of cable or conductor pairings.
  • RS232 Wiring Diagrams 20 September 2009 12:17 UTC www.aplawrence.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

Pinouts

.The following table lists commonly-used RS-232 signals and pin assignments.^ If you need an RS-232 extension cable, refer to Table 1-2 for the pin assignments of the RS-232 cable.
  • http://support.3com.com/infodeli/tools/bridrout/u_guides/html/nb2hw/modules/rs232_3p/instal00.htm 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC support.3com.com [Source type: Reference]

 ^ Pin Layout for RS-232 Terminal .
  • RS-232 Serial Connection Technical Reference 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC service.gateway.com [Source type: Academic]

 ^ RS-232 Signal isolation protection .

 [7]
Signal Origin DB-25 pin DE-9 pin TIA-561 pin Yost pin DEC MMJ
Name Typical purpose Abbreviation DTE DCE
Data Terminal Ready .OOB control signal: Tells DCE that DTE is ready to be connected.^ The connection of the DCE and the DTE is done with a pluggable connector.
  • Huntington Mechanical Laboratories - www.huntvac.com - RS-232 an introduction 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.huntvac.com [Source type: Reference]

 ^ That is the DTE transmits on the TXD signal connection.
  • RS-232 Reference 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.anotherurl.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ Pin 5 - Clear to Send (CTS) This signal is asserted (logic '0', positive voltage) by the DCE device to inform the DTE device that transmission may begin.

 		DTR ● 20 4 3 2 1
Data Carrier Detect .OOB control signal: Tells DTE that DCE is connected to telephone line.^ A signal from the DCE to the DTE that there is an incomming call (telephone is ringing).
  • serial interface, rs232, DTE, DCE cables, rs232 pinouts, DB25 Null-modem cable, DB25 to DB9 DTE - DCE cable, etc. 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.connectworld.net [Source type: Reference]

 ^ That is the DTE transmits on the TXD signal connection.
  • RS-232 Reference 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.anotherurl.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ TOC Pin 2 - Transmitted Data (TxD) This signal is active when data is transmitted from the DTE device to the DCE device.

 		DCD ● 8 1 2 7 6
Data Set Ready .OOB control signal: Tells DTE that DCE is ready to receive commands or data.^ Pin 3 - Received Data (RxD) This signal is active when the DTE device receives data from the DCE device.

 ^ This has the effect of tricking the serial port into thinking that it is always ready to receive and send data.

 ^ TOC Pin 2 - Transmitted Data (TxD) This signal is active when data is transmitted from the DTE device to the DCE device.

 		DSR ● 6 6 1
Ring Indicator .OOB control signal: Tells DTE that DCE has detected a ring signal on the telephone line.^ A control signal to the PC. Indicates the phone line is ringing.
  • RS-232 Reference 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.anotherurl.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ A signal from the DCE to the DTE that there is an incomming call (telephone is ringing).
  • RS232 Tutorial on Data Interface and cables 20 September 2009 12:17 UTC www.arcelect.com [Source type: Reference]

 ^ TOC Pin 2 - Transmitted Data (TxD) This signal is active when data is transmitted from the DTE device to the DCE device.

 		RI ● 22 9 - -
Request To Send OOB control signal: Tells DCE to prepare to accept data from DTE. RTS ● 4 7 8 1 -
Clear To Send .OOB control signal: Acknowledges RTS and allows DTE to transmit.^ That is the DTE transmits on the TXD signal connection.
  • RS-232 Reference 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.anotherurl.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ They cross transmit and receive data signals between the two sides and there are many variations on how the other control signals are wired, below is one of them: .
  • RS232 RS-232 RS-232C, RS232 Tutorial, RS232 Converters, RS232 Software 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.rs232.ws [Source type: Academic]

 ^ TOC Pin 2 - Transmitted Data (TxD) This signal is active when data is transmitted from the DTE device to the DCE device.

 		CTS ● 5 8 7 8 -
Transmitted Data Data signal: Carries data from DTE to DCE. TxD ● 2 3 6 3 2
Received Data Data signal: Carries data from DCE to DTE. RxD ● 3 2 5 6 5
Common Ground GND common 7 5 4 4, 5 3, 4
Protective Ground PG common 1 - - - -
.The signals are named from the standpoint of the DTE. The ground signal is a common return for the other connections; it appears on two pins in the Yost standard but is the same signal.^ The common signal ground connection.
  • RS-232 Reference 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.anotherurl.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ Signal Ground Common reference voltage .
  • Introduction to RS232 Serial Communications, What is rs 232, What is RS232 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.taltech.com [Source type: Reference]

 ^ To connect the two the 422 has to be wired together with a common ground, etc.
  • RS-232 Reference 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.anotherurl.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 .The DB-25 connector includes a second "protective ground" on pin 1. Connecting this to pin 7 (signal reference ground) is a common practice but not essential.^ DB-25 CONNECTOR, DTE FEMALE .
  • Cabling Guide for Console and AUX Ports - Cisco Systems 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.cisco.com [Source type: Academic]

 ^ DB-9 Male to DB-25 male for Modem connection .
  • Cabling Guide for Console and AUX Ports - Cisco Systems 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.cisco.com [Source type: Academic]

 ^ DB-25 CONNECTOR, DTE MALE .
  • Cabling Guide for Console and AUX Ports - Cisco Systems 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.cisco.com [Source type: Academic]
Note that EIA/TIA 561 combines DSR and RI,[8][9] and the Yost standard combines DSR and DCD.

Cables

Main article: Serial Cable
.The standard does not define a maximum cable length but instead defines the maximum capacitance that a compliant drive circuit must tolerate.^ Range : The RS-232-C standard specifies that the maximum length of cable between the transmitter and receiver should not exceed 100 feet, Although in practice many systems are used in which the distance between transmitter and receiver exceeds this rather low figure.
  • Huntington Mechanical Laboratories - www.huntvac.com - RS-232 an introduction 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.huntvac.com [Source type: Reference]

 ^ The cable length is not specified in the standard; acceptable operation is experienced with cables that are less than 25 feet in length.

 ^ However, to connect two like devices, you must instead use a null modem cable.
  • Introduction to RS232 Serial Communications, What is rs 232, What is RS232 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.taltech.com [Source type: Reference]

 .A widely-used rule-of-thumb indicates that cables more than 50 feet (15 metres) long will have too much capacitance, unless special cables are used.^ For RS 232 communication to work effectively, the PC and the inverter must be located within 50 Feet (15 meters) of one another.
  • SMA RS232 module computer communication card 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.affordable-solar.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ This can be done using a UART. On the software side of things, there are many more registers that you have to attend to than on a Standard Parallel Port.
  • Interfacing The Serial / RS-232 Port 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.beyondlogic.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ The cable length is not specified in the standard; acceptable operation is experienced with cables that are less than 25 feet in length.

 .By using low-capacitance cables, full speed communication can be maintained over larger distances up to about 1,000 feet.^ Range : The RS-232-C standard specifies that the maximum length of cable between the transmitter and receiver should not exceed 100 feet, Although in practice many systems are used in which the distance between transmitter and receiver exceeds this rather low figure.
  • Huntington Mechanical Laboratories - www.huntvac.com - RS-232 an introduction 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.huntvac.com [Source type: Reference]

 ^ Visits: 1534 To monitor (bi-directional) Serial communication RS-232 between two devices without physical cable, use Bill Serial Monitor.
  • Download Rs232 Software: Look RS232, Ser232mon, Eltima RS232 Data Logger, ... 20 September 2009 12:17 UTC www.filebuzz.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ It can extend the distance of any standard serial RS232 port up to 4000 feet (1.2km).
  • Serial RS232 RS485 RS422 TTL USB Fiber Optic Converter / Converters 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.rs232-converters.com [Source type: Academic]

 [10] For longer distances, other signal standards are better suited to maintain high speed.
.Since the standard definitions are not always correctly applied, it is often necessary to consult documentation, test connections with a breakout box, or use trial and error to find a cable that works when interconnecting two devices.^ A male-to-male equivalent of this cable would be used to connect two DCE devices.

 ^ Use this cable between two DTE devices (for instance two computers).
  • RS232 Tutorial on Data Interface and cables 20 September 2009 12:17 UTC www.arcelect.com [Source type: Reference]

 ^ To connect two DCE devices, use a male-to-male equivalent of this cable.

 .Connecting a fully-standard-compliant DCE device and DTE device would use a cable that connects identical pin numbers in each connector (a so-called "straight cable").^ The connection of the DCE and the DTE is done with a pluggable connector.
  • Huntington Mechanical Laboratories - www.huntvac.com - RS-232 an introduction 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.huntvac.com [Source type: Reference]

 ^ This drawing shows the orientation and connector types for DTE and DCE devices: .

 ^ Standard RS-232 DTE & DCE Interface, Fully compliant with RS-232 Spec.

 ."Gender changers" are available to solve gender mismatches between cables and connectors.^ A problem you may encounter is having two connectors of the same gender that must be connected.  You can purchase gender changers at any computer or office supply store for under $5.
  • Introduction to RS232 Serial Communications, What is rs 232, What is RS232 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.taltech.com [Source type: Reference]

 ^ Because of this lack of standardization, special cables called null modem cables, gender changers and custom made cables are often required.
  • Introduction to RS232 Serial Communications, What is rs 232, What is RS232 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.taltech.com [Source type: Reference]

 ^ Cables, Null Modems, and Gender Changers .
  • Introduction to RS232 Serial Communications, What is rs 232, What is RS232 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.taltech.com [Source type: Reference]

 .Connecting devices with different types of connectors requires a cable that connects the corresponding pins according to the table above.^ Type of Cable for DB-25 Connectors .
  • Cabling Guide for Console and AUX Ports - Cisco Systems 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.cisco.com [Source type: Academic]

 ^ Below is a table of pin connections for the 9 pin and 25 pin D-Type connectors.
  • Interfacing The Serial / RS-232 Port 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.beyondlogic.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ Pin Connector on a DTE device (PC connection) .
  • Introduction to RS232 Serial Communications, What is rs 232, What is RS232 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.taltech.com [Source type: Reference]

 .Cables with 9 pins on one end and 25 on the other are common.^ Request-to-Send (pin 4) on one side asserts Received Line Signal Detect (pin 8) on the other side.

 ^ Put one of our Ethernet Splitter at the Workstation end to put 2 PC's on 1 Cable.
  • RS-232 & PC Accessories 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.sandman.com [Source type: General]

 ^ TOC The EIA232 standard includes a common ground reference on Pin 7, and is frequently joined to Pin 1 and a circular shield that surrounds all 25 cable conductors.

 .Manufacturers of equipment with 8P8C connectors usually provide a cable with either a DB-25 or DE-9 connector (or sometimes interchangeable connectors so they can work with multiple devices).^ Type of Cable for DB-25 Connectors .
  • Cabling Guide for Console and AUX Ports - Cisco Systems 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.cisco.com [Source type: Academic]

 ^ DB-25 Male to DB-25 Female Cable .
  • RS-232 & PC Accessories 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.sandman.com [Source type: General]

 ^ DB-9 Female to DB-25 Male Cable .
  • RS-232 & PC Accessories 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.sandman.com [Source type: General]

 .Poor-quality cables can cause false signals by crosstalk between data and control lines (such as Ring Indicator).^ A control signal to the PC. Indicates the phone line is ringing.
  • RS-232 Reference 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.anotherurl.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ Note the polarity is different between data and control signals!
  • RS-232 Reference 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.anotherurl.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ Hardware handshaking is done by the Control and Indication lines.
  • RS232 Tutorial on Data Interface and cables 20 September 2009 12:17 UTC www.arcelect.com [Source type: Reference]

Conventions

.For functional communication through a serial port interface, conventions of bit rate, character framing, communications protocol, character encoding, data compression, and error detection, not defined in RS 232, must be agreed to by both sending and receiving equipment.^ Along with that we are sending data and the port to be used to communicate.
  • Serial Communication via RS-232: bioscom example -ElectroSofts.com 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC electrosofts.com [Source type: Reference]

 ^ PMD industrial modem with RS-232 and RS-485 interface and data .
  • Performance analysis of the RS-232-C switch on the MAP network. 20 September 2009 12:17 UTC visionman.com [Source type: Academic]

 ^ The standard ADC-16 will be supplied with an RS-232 serial interface.
  • Analog to Digital for connection to RS-232 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.eeci.com [Source type: Reference]

 .For example, consider the serial ports of the original IBM PC.^ Advantages: Very inexpensive option for directly linking one inverter to your PC. Serial port communication is open source and easy to use.
  • SMA RS232 module computer communication card 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.affordable-solar.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ Requires a serial port or USB to Serial adapter on the PC. Has a modular jack to allow use with a modular cable for the dry closure.
  • RS-232 & PC Accessories 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.sandman.com [Source type: General]

 ^ RS232 IC computer hardware interface PC Interface rs232 serial port com port computer interface profibus modbus interface protocol rs485 rs422 .
  • RS232 IC - RS232 Chips - Serial Comport Interface Datasheet - Computer Hardware 20 September 2009 12:17 UTC interface.centraltreasure.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 .This implementation used an 8250 UART using asynchronous start-stop character formatting with 7 or 8 data bits per frame, usually ASCII character coding, and data rates programmable between 75 bits per second and 115,200 bits per second.^ The difference of bits per second and baud.
  • RS-232 Reference 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.anotherurl.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ RS-232 offers asynchronous communication with the combination of start and stop bits of being used to synchronize each data frame.

 ^ That includes the time for the start bit, data bits, parity bits and stop bits.
  • Interfacing The Serial / RS-232 Port 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.beyondlogic.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 .Data rates above 20,000 bits per second are out of the scope of the standard, although higher data rates are sometimes used by commercially manufactured equipment.^ The difference of bits per second and baud.
  • RS-232 Reference 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.anotherurl.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ The electrical characteristics of the serial port as per the EIA (Electronics Industry Association) RS232C Standard specifies a maximum baud rate of 20,000bps, which is slow compared to todays standard speed.
  • Serial Communication via RS-232: bioscom example -ElectroSofts.com 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC electrosofts.com [Source type: Reference]

 ^ Asserted to select the higher of two possible data rates .
  • Huntington Mechanical Laboratories - www.huntvac.com - RS-232 an introduction 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.huntvac.com [Source type: Reference]

 .In the particular case of the IBM PC, baud rates were programmable with arbitrary values, so that a PC could be connected to, for example, MIDI music controllers (31,250 bits per second) or other devices not using the rates typically used with modems.^ Programmable baud rate generator .

 ^ Likewise, using 5 bits limits the highest possible value to 31.
  • Introduction to RS232 Serial Communications, What is rs 232, What is RS232 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.taltech.com [Source type: Reference]

 ^ Unfortunately, connection to DCE devices other than modems is not considered.

 .Since most devices do not have automatic baud rate detection, users must manually set the baud rate (and all other parameters) at both ends of the RS-232 connection.^ Connect in series with any RS-232 interface .

 ^ RS-232 Devices .

 ^ RS-232 Async Device Access.
  • Performance analysis of the RS-232-C switch on the MAP network. 20 September 2009 12:17 UTC visionman.com [Source type: Academic]

RTS/CTS handshaking

Further information: Flow_control#Hardware_flow_control
.In older versions of the specification, RS-232's use of the RTS and CTS lines is asymmetric: The DTE asserts RTS to indicate a desire to transmit to the DCE, and the DCE asserts CTS in response to grant permission.^ With software flow control the RTS and CTS lines are not used.
  • Introduction to RS232 Serial Communications, What is rs 232, What is RS232 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.taltech.com [Source type: Reference]

 ^ File Format: PDFAdobe Acrobat - View as HTML Many switcher models can be remotely controlled using contact closures or RS-232 serial commands.
  • Performance analysis of the RS-232-C switch on the MAP network. 20 September 2009 12:17 UTC visionman.com [Source type: Academic]

 ^ The DCE device puts this line in a mark condition to tell the DTE device that it is ready to receive the data.
  • Introduction to RS232 Serial Communications, What is rs 232, What is RS232 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.taltech.com [Source type: Reference]

 .This allows for half-duplex modems that disable their transmitters when not required, and must transmit a synchronization preamble to the receiver when they are re-enabled.^ Access to Receiver buffer, Transmitter buffer & Interrupt Enable Register .
  • Interfacing The Serial / RS-232 Port 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.beyondlogic.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ Synchronous communications allows faster data transfer rates than asynchronous methods, because additional bits to mark the beginning and end of each data byte are not required.
  • Introduction to RS232 Serial Communications, What is rs 232, What is RS232 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.taltech.com [Source type: Reference]

 ^ Transmitter and receiver timing signals (pins 15, 17, and 24) are used only for a synchronous transmission protocol.

 This scheme is also employed on present-day RS-232 to RS-485 converters, where the RS-232's RTS signal is used to ask the converter to take control of the RS-485 bus - a concept that doesn't otherwise exist in RS-232. There is no way for the DTE to indicate that it is unable to accept data from the DCE.
.A non-standard symmetric alternative, commonly called "RTS/CTS handshaking," was developed by various equipment manufacturers: CTS indicates permission from the DCE for the DTE to send data to the DCE (and is controlled by the DCE independent of RTS), and RTS indicates permission from the DTE for the DCE to send data to the DTE. This was eventually codified in version RS-232-E (actually TIA-232-E by that time) by defining a new signal, "RTR (Ready to Receive)," which is CCITT V.24 circuit 133. TIA-232-E and the corresponding international standards were updated to show that circuit 133, when implemented, shares the same pin as RTS (Request to Send), and that when 133 is in use, RTS is assumed by the DCE to be ON at all times.^ TOC Pin 2 - Transmitted Data (TxD) This signal is active when data is transmitted from the DTE device to the DCE device.

 ^ Swaps Transmit and Receive pins so you can use a printer or terminal as DTE or DCE. .
  • RS-232 & PC Accessories 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.sandman.com [Source type: General]

 ^ When the DTE device is ready to receive more data (i.e.
  • Introduction to RS232 Serial Communications, What is rs 232, What is RS232 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.taltech.com [Source type: Reference]

 [11]
Thus, with this alternative usage, one can think of RTS asserted (positive voltage, logic 0) meaning that the DTE is indicating it is "ready to receive" from the DCE, rather than requesting permission from the DCE to send characters to the DCE.
.Note that equipment using this protocol must be prepared to buffer some extra data, since a transmission may have begun just before the control line state change.^ A control signal that can be used to change the transmission speed.
  • RS232 Tutorial on Data Interface and cables 20 September 2009 12:17 UTC www.arcelect.com [Source type: Reference]

 ^ Aux Output 1 is normally disconnected, but on some cards is used to switch between a 1.8432MHZ crystal to a 4MHZ crystal which is used for MIDI. Bits 0 and 1 simply control their relevant data lines.
  • Interfacing The Serial / RS-232 Port 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.beyondlogic.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ IMPORTANT: If the DCE device is not a modem, it may require DTE Ready to be asserted before the device can be used, or it may ignore DTE Ready altogether.

3-wire and 5-wire RS-232

.A minimal "3-wire" RS-232 connection consisting only of transmit data, receive data, and ground, is commonly used when the full facilities of RS-232 are not required.^ Connect in series with any RS-232 interface .

 ^ Only used on switched circuit connections.
  • RS232 Tutorial on Data Interface and cables 20 September 2009 12:17 UTC www.arcelect.com [Source type: Reference]

 ^ Only 3 wires are required for the connection to the transceiver.

 .Even a two-wire connection (data and ground) can be used if the data flow is one way (for example, a digital postal scale that periodically sends a weight reading, or a GPS receiver that periodically sends position, if no configuration via RS-232 is necessary).^ Two serial port RS-232 .

 ^ Connect in series with any RS-232 interface .

 ^ To connect the two the 422 has to be wired together with a common ground, etc.
  • RS-232 Reference 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.anotherurl.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 .When only hardware flow control is required in addition to two-way data, the RTS and CTS lines are added in a 5-wire version.^ DSR, CTS, DTR and RTS can also be controlled .
  • Rs-232 downloads at VicMan 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC vicman.net [Source type: Academic]

 ^ Together, these two lines make up what is called RTS/CTS or "hardware" flow control.
  • Introduction to RS232 Serial Communications, What is rs 232, What is RS232 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.taltech.com [Source type: Reference]

 ^ Connect CTS to RTS on each connector only .
  • RS-232 Reference 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.anotherurl.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

Seldom used features

.The EIA-232 standard specifies connections for several features that are not used in most implementations.^ EZURiO's blu2i RS-232 Adaptor upgrades any device with a standard DB9 RS-232 connection to Bluetooth Wireless Technology.
  • EZURiO 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.ezurio.com [Source type: Academic]

 ^ The serial ports on most computers use a subset of the RS-232C standard.
  • Introduction to RS232 Serial Communications, What is rs 232, What is RS232 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.taltech.com [Source type: Reference]

 ^ The MAX232A generates +10V and -10V voltage swings using a dual charge-pump voltage converter from a single +5VDC rail (see RS-232 standards below).

 .Their use requires the 25-pin connectors and cables, and of course both the DTE and DCE must support them.^ DB-25 CONNECTOR, DTE FEMALE .
  • Cabling Guide for Console and AUX Ports - Cisco Systems 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.cisco.com [Source type: Academic]

 ^ This must be connected at both connectors.
  • RS-232 Reference 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.anotherurl.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ DB-25 CONNECTOR, DTE MALE .
  • Cabling Guide for Console and AUX Ports - Cisco Systems 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.cisco.com [Source type: Academic]

Signal rate selection

.The DTE or DCE can specify use of a "high" or "low" signaling rate.^ The secondary signals are used on some DCE's.
  • RS232 Tutorial on Data Interface and cables 20 September 2009 12:17 UTC www.arcelect.com [Source type: Reference]

 ^ Timing signals used by the DTE for transmission.
  • RS232 Tutorial on Data Interface and cables 20 September 2009 12:17 UTC www.arcelect.com [Source type: Reference]

 ^ RTS and CTS are commonly used as handshaking signals to moderate the flow of data into the DCE device.

 The rates as well as which device will select the rate must be configured in both the DTE and DCE. The prearranged device selects the high rate by setting pin 23 to ON.

Loopback testing

.Many DCE devices have a loopback capability used for testing.^ IMPORTANT: If the DCE device is not a modem, it may require DTE Ready to be asserted before the device can be used, or it may ignore DTE Ready altogether.

 ^ Pin 25 - Test Mode (TM) This signal is relevant only when the DCE device is a modem.

 ^ IMPORTANT: If DCE Ready originates from a device other than a modem, it may be asserted to indicate that the device is turned on and ready to function, or it may not be used at all.

 .When enabled, signals are echoed back to the sender rather than being sent on to the receiver.^ Pin 22 - Ring Indicator (RI) This signal is relevant when the DCE device is a modem, and is asserted (logic '0', positive voltage) when a ringing signal is being received from the telephone line.

 ^ The signal is deasserted when no answer tone is being received, or when the answer tone is of inadequate quality to meet the local modem's requirements (perhaps due to a noisy channel).

 ^ A loopback connector usually consists of a connector without a cable and includes internal wiring to reroute signals back to the sender.

 .If supported, the DTE can signal the local DCE (the one it is connected to) to enter loopback mode by setting pin 18 to ON, or the remote DCE (the one the local DCE is connected to) to enter loopback mode by setting pin 21 to ON. The latter tests the communications link as well as both DCE's.^ The remote modem signals the local modem to assert Test Mode on pin 25 when the remote loopback test is underway.

 ^ The modem asserts its Test Mode signal on Pin 25 to acknowledge that it has been placed in local loopback condition.

 ^ Pin 21 - Remote Loopback (RL) This signal is generated by the DTE device and is used to place the remote modem into a test state.

 When the DCE is in test mode it signals the DTE by setting pin 25 to ON.
A commonly used version of loopback testing doesn't involve any special capability of either end. .A hardware loopback is simply a wire connecting complementary pins together in the same connector (see loopback).^ Try wiring up a loopback on each connector.
  • RS-232 Reference 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.anotherurl.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ Full documentation is provided with the STA-16, including connection diagrams, pin-outs, hardware interfacing and control software examples.
  • Analog to Digital for connection to RS-232 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.eeci.com [Source type: Reference]

 ^ To connect the two the 422 has to be wired together with a common ground, etc.
  • RS-232 Reference 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.anotherurl.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
.Loopback testing is often performed with a specialized DTE called a Bit Error Rate Tester (see Bit Error Rate Test).^ Pin 21 - Remote Loopback (RL) This signal is generated by the DTE device and is used to place the remote modem into a test state.

 ^ TOC Pin 18 - Local Loopback (LL) This signal is generated by the DTE device and is used to place the modem into a test state.

Timing signals

.Some synchronous devices provide a clock signal to synchronize data transmission, especially at higher data rates.^ TOC Pin 2 - Transmitted Data (TxD) This signal is active when data is transmitted from the DTE device to the DCE device.

 ^ Transmitter and receiver timing signals (pins 15, 17, and 24) are used only for a synchronous transmission protocol.

 ^ With data rates of up to 921 kbps for RS-422/485 and 460 kbps for RS-232, these hubs are among the fastest USB serial devices in the industry!
  • USB Hubs (RS-232, RS-422/485, and RS-232/RS-422/RS-485) - IC1020A - Shop now - Black Box 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.blackbox.com [Source type: General]

 .Two timing signals are provided by the DCE on pins 15 and 17. Pin 15 is the transmitter clock, or send timing (ST); the DTE puts the next bit on the data line (pin 2) when this clock transitions from OFF to ON (so it is stable during the ON to OFF transition when the DCE registers the bit).^ TOC Pin 2 - Transmitted Data (TxD) This signal is active when data is transmitted from the DTE device to the DCE device.

 ^ This signal is used only when TC and RC (pins 15 and 17) are not in use.

 ^ For Data and Timing signals, the transit time through the transition region should be .

 Pin 17 is the receiver clock, or receive timing (RT); the DTE reads the next bit from the data line (pin 3) when this clock transitions from ON to OFF.
.Alternatively, the DTE can provide a clock signal, called transmitter timing (TT), on pin 24 for transmitted data.^ Timing signals used by the DTE when receiving data.
  • RS232 Tutorial on Data Interface and cables 20 September 2009 12:17 UTC www.arcelect.com [Source type: Reference]

 ^ Transmitter and receiver timing signals.

 ^ TOC Pin 2 - Transmitted Data (TxD) This signal is active when data is transmitted from the DTE device to the DCE device.

 .Again, data is changed when the clock transitions from OFF to ON and read during the ON to OFF transition.^ Signals that enter the transition region during a change of state must move through the transition region to the opposite signal state without reversing direction or reentering.

 .TT can be used to overcome the issue where ST must traverse a cable of unknown length and delay, clock a bit out of the DTE after another unknown delay, and return it to the DCE over the same unknown cable delay.^ You may use this cable to extend the length of a printer cable, but DO NOT attach a serial device to the computer's parallel port.

 ^ A male-to-male equivalent of this cable would be used to connect two DCE devices.

 ^ I ordered the same cable (HDMI to VGA) through ebay and it didn't work right out.
  • HDMI/RS-232 to RCA video - Ubuntu Forums 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC ubuntuforums.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 .Since the relation between the transmitted bit and TT can be fixed in the DTE design, and since both signals traverse the same cable length, using TT eliminates the issue.^ You may use this cable to extend the length of a printer cable, but DO NOT attach a serial device to the computer's parallel port.

 ^ Visits: 1534 To monitor (bi-directional) Serial communication RS-232 between two devices without physical cable, use Bill Serial Monitor.
  • Download Rs232 Software: Look RS232, Ser232mon, Eltima RS232 Data Logger, ... 20 September 2009 12:17 UTC www.filebuzz.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ Request to Send (pin 4) is unused, and Clear-to-Send (pin 5) is driven by a proprietary signal (pin 11) determined by the designer of this cable.

 .TT may be generated by looping ST back with an appropriate phase change to align it with the transmitted data.^ When the DTE initiates such a test, transmitted data is passed through the local modem, the telephone line, the remote modem, and back, to exercise the channel and confirm its integrity.

 ^ This enables data generated by the DTE to be echoed back through the local modem to check the condition of the modem circuitry.

 ^ The modem generates this clock signal to control exactly the rate at which data is sent on Transmitted Data (pin 2) from the DTE device to the DCE device.

 .ST loop back to TT lets the DTE use the DCE as the frequency reference, and correct the clock to data timing.^ Swaps Transmit and Receive pins so you can use a printer or terminal as DTE or DCE. .
  • RS-232 & PC Accessories 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.sandman.com [Source type: General]

 ^ Includes technical reference, software examples and STA-16 Data Acquisition Software for Windows (for use with Windows versions 3.0, 3.1, Windows 95, 98, 2000, ME, NT, XP and Vista).
  • Analog to Digital for connection to RS-232 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.eeci.com [Source type: Reference]

Secondary channel

.Data can be sent over a secondary channel (when implemented by the DTE and DCE devices), which is equivalent to the primary channel.^ This secondary channel, when used, is typically set to operate at a very low baud rate in comparison with the primary channel to ensure reliability in the control path.

 ^ TOC Pin 2 - Transmitted Data (TxD) This signal is active when data is transmitted from the DTE device to the DCE device.

 ^ IMPORTANT: If the DCE device is not a modem, it may require DTE Ready to be asserted before the device can be used, or it may ignore DTE Ready altogether.

 Pin assignments are described in following table:
Signal Pin
Common Ground 7 (same as primary)
Secondary Transmitted Data (STD) 14
Secondary Received Data (SRD) 16
Secondary Request To Send (SRTS) 19
Secondary Clear To Send (SCTS) 13
Secondary Carrier Detect (SDCD) 12

Related standards

.Other serial signaling standards may not interoperate with standard-compliant RS-232 ports.^ Two serial port RS-232 .

 ^ RS-232 standards .

 ^ The standard ADC-16 will be supplied with an RS-232 serial interface.
  • Analog to Digital for connection to RS-232 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.eeci.com [Source type: Reference]

 .For example, using the TTL levels of near +5 and 0 V puts the mark level in the undefined area of the standard.^ The standard not only specifies the order of bits but also specifies the voltage levels used to send the data.

 Such levels are sometimes used with NMEA 0183-compliant GPS receivers and depth finders.
.A 20 mA current loop uses the absence of 20 mA current for high, and the presence of current in the loop for low; this signaling method is often used for long-distance and optically isolated links.^ This probably originated with the pre-RS232 current loop standard used in 1950s-vintage teletype machines in which a flowing current (and hence a low voltage) represents logic '1'.

 ^ Signal Crosstalk can be reduced by using low capacitance cable and shielding each pair .
  • RS232 Tutorial on Data Interface and cables 20 September 2009 12:17 UTC www.arcelect.com [Source type: Reference]

 ^ Also works on fax modems, fax machines and phones that have problems with high loop current.
  • RS-232 & PC Accessories 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.sandman.com [Source type: General]

 .Connection of a current-loop device to a compliant RS-232 port requires a level translator.^ Ports: One RS-232 port .

 ^ Channel 1A DPDT RS-232 Relay Controller with XR Expansion Port More > > $524.00 .
  • National Control Devices: RS-232 Relay Controller Boards 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC www.controlanything.com [Source type: General]

 ^ USB to 4 ports RS-232 Adapter (DB9pin Male) .

 .Current-loop devices can supply voltages in excess of the withstand voltage limits of a compliant device.^ This probably originated with the pre-RS232 current loop standard used in 1950s-vintage teletype machines in which a flowing current (and hence a low voltage) represents logic '1'.

 .The original IBM PC serial port card implemented a 20 mA current-loop interface, which was never emulated by other suppliers of plug-compatible equipment.^ Resident Tray System software for barcode scanner or other serial data capture devices that have a Serial / TCP interface.
  • Rs-232 downloads at VicMan 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC vicman.net [Source type: Academic]

 ^ This probably originated with the pre-RS232 current loop standard used in 1950s-vintage teletype machines in which a flowing current (and hence a low voltage) represents logic '1'.

 ^ Enables serial port RS232 barcode scanners, RFID,magnetic stripe or any other devices to communicate with your Windows applications.
  • Rs-232 downloads at VicMan 9 January 2010 21:49 UTC vicman.net [Source type: Academic]
Other serial interfaces similar to RS-232:
  • RS-422 (a high-speed system similar to RS-232 but with differential signaling)
  • RS-423 (a high-speed system similar to RS-422 but with unbalanced signaling)
  • RS-449 (a functional and mechanical interface that used RS-422 and RS-423 signals - it never caught on like RS-232 and was withdrawn by the EIA)
  • RS-485 (a descendant of RS-422 that can be used as a bus in multidrop configurations)
  • MIL-STD-188 (a system like RS-232 but with better impedance and rise time control)
  • EIA-530 (a high-speed system using RS-422 or RS-423 electrical properties in an EIA-232 pinout configuration, thus combining the best of both; supersedes RS-449)
  • EIA/TIA-561 8 Position Non-Synchronous Interface Between Data Terminal Equipment and Data Circuit Terminating Equipment Employing Serial Binary Data Interchange
  • EIA/TIA-562 Electrical Characteristics for an Unbalanced Digital Interface (low-voltage version of EIA/TIA-232)
  • TIA-574 (standardizes the 9-pin D-subminiature connector pinout for use with EIA-232 electrical signalling, as originated on the IBM PC/AT)
  • SpaceWire (high-speed serial system designed for use on board spacecraft)

See also

References

  1. ^ Electronics Industries Association, "EIA Standard RS-232-C Interface Between Data Terminal Equipment and Data Communication Equipment Employing Serial Data Interchange", August 1969, reprinted in Telebyte Technology Data Communication Library, Greenlawn NY, 1985, no ISBN
  2. ^ RS232 Data Interface Tutorial
  3. ^ TIA Web site
  4. ^ Paul Horowitz and Winfield Hill, The Art of Electronics Second Edition, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge MA, 1989, ISBN 0-521-37095-7, pages 723-726 for discussion of RS 232 limitations and application issues.
  5. ^ PC 97 Hardware Design Guide. Redmond, Washington, USA: Microsoft Press. 1997. ISBN 1-57231-381-1. 
  6. ^ National Semiconductor Application Note AN-1031 "TIA/EIA-422-B Overview", January 2000, National Semiconductor Inc. page - evaluate the combination of cable length and data rate.
  7. ^ Joakim Ögren. "Serial (PC 9)". http://www.hardwarebook.info/Serial_(PC_9). 
  8. ^ Hardware Book RS-232D
  9. ^ RS-232D EIA/TIA-561 RJ45 Pinout
  10. ^ Tony Lawrence. "Serial Wiring". http://aplawrence.com/Unixart/serial.art.html. 
  11. ^ ca...@gauss.llnl.gov (Casey Leedom) (1990-02-20). "<49249@lll-winken.LLNL.GOV> Re: EIA-232 full duplex RTS/CTS flow control standard proposal". comp.dcom.modems. (Web link). Retrieved on 2008-04-30.

External links

Computer bus & interconnection standards (wired)
Main articles
Computer bus standards (desktop)
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Note: interfaces are listed in speed ascending order (roughly), the interface at the end of each section should be the fastest

Wiktionary

Up to date as of January 14, 2010

Definition from Wiktionary, a free dictionary

English

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Noun

Singular
RS-232
RS-232 (uncountable)
  1. Recommended Standard 232; the standard for serial binary signals between a DTE and a DCE.

Citable sentences

Up to date as of December 16, 2010

Here are sentences from other pages on RS-232, which are similar to those in the above article.








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