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Racism has existed in Chile at
least since the conquest of Chile in the 16th century. Several
types of racism originating from different epochs are present in
present day Chile. Mapuches, mestizos, blacks, East Asians,
Muslims, Peruvians and Bolivians are among the subjects of racism and
discrimination in Chile.
Racism againts blacks and
indians
Conquistadores, colonial criollos and modern Chileans had
different views on the native population ranging from admiration,
views of them as barbarians, to proper self-conscious racism. Black
people held during colonial times higher status than amerindians
due to being so expensive, and were often majordomos. Mapuches on their part also made distinctions
based on race and often denied meztisos being part of their society
due to their blood bonds with the Spanish they were in conflict with. A
person's status was measured by their racial make-up and if they
were born in the colony or in Europe. The groups with major status
were the Peninsulares, ethnic Spaniards born in
Spain. Many conquistadores and criollos had humanistic views and
view native Mapuches sometimes as noble savages due to their fierce
resistance to Spanish rule in the War of Arauco.
Nationalism and Facist
ideloguies
Nationalists and fascists nearly claimed electoral victories in
the 1930s and early 1940s. The influence of these groups and
Chile's large German colony made the country one of the last
countries in Latin America to declare war on Nazi Germany. In
recent years (early 2000s) Chile got into news reports as active in
far-right and "skinhead" gangs with racial
and anti-Semitic views, and the country has an
image of low percentages of black Africans (less than 1 percent,
lower than numbers of east Asians or Japanese-Chileans), but this
came from a low need for slavery in colonial Chile, which explains the
ethnographic trend.
See also
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