| Republican Party | |
|---|---|
![]() |
|
| Chairperson | Michael Steele (MD) |
| Senate leader | Mitch McConnell (KY) |
| House leader | John Boehner (OH) |
| Founded | 1854 |
| Headquarters | 310 First Street NE, Washington, D.C., 20003 |
| Ideology | Modern: American conservatism, Social conservatism, Fiscal conservatism Economic liberalism, Neoconservatism Historical: Classical liberalism, Paleoconservatism, Progressivism |
| Political position | Fiscal: Center-right Social: Center-right |
| International affiliation | International Democrat Union |
| Official colors | Red (Unofficial) |
| Seats in the Senate | 41[1] |
| Seats in the House | 178 |
| Website | |
| http://www.gop.com/ | |
| Politics of the United States Political parties Elections |
|
Contents |
| United States |
![]() This article is part of the series:
Politics and government of the United States |
|
|
|
Legislature
Presidency
Subdivisions
|
|
Other countries · Atlas US Government Portal |
|
|||||||||||||||||
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
[[File:|right|300px|thumb|1874 cartoon by Thomas Nast printed in Harpers Weekly and featuring the first use of the elephant as a symbol for the Republican party.]]
The United States Republican Party is one of the two biggest political parties in the United States of America. The other large party is the Democratic Party. The United States also has many other small parties known as third parties.
The Republicans are often called "the right" or "conservatives". The Republican Party itself is also known as the G.O.P., which stands for "Grand Old Party." The symbol of the Republican party is the elephant. This symbol was first used in 1874 in a political cartoon (pictured).[1]
The Republican National Committee is the main organization for the Republican Party in all 50 states. The Chairman of the RNC is Michael Steele, an African-American lawyer, and former Lt. Governor of Maryland.
The Republican Party is not the same political party as the Democratic-Republican Party.
Contents |
The Republican Party was founded in Ripon, Wisconsin in 1854. Its formation was based around opposition to the Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854, which would allow each territory to allow slavery if they wanted to. It was founded by previous members of the Free-Soil Party and the Whig Party. They wanted to stop the expansion of slavery because they believed that it was against the ideals of the Constitution and the Declaration of Independence. Some founders wanted to abolish slavery everywhere in the United States. The first Republican candidate for president was John C. Fremont in 1856.
As the Whig Party collapsed, the Republicans became the second major party (the Democratic Party being the first). In 1860, Abraham Lincoln, the first Republican president was elected. For the rest of the second half of the 19th century, the country had mostly Republican presidents. From 1860 until 1912 the Republicans lost the presidential election just twice (non-consecutively to Democrat Grover Cleveland in 1884 and 1892).
Republicans believed in protectionism (the belief that raising taxes on trades with foreign nations would protect the U.S. economy) during the second half of the 19th century and during the early half of the 20th century.
After World War I, the 1920's had 3 Republican presidents: Warren Harding, Calvin Coolidge, and Herbert Hoover. It was called the Republican Decade for that reason. Harding and Coolidge made a plan for the economy which lowered taxes, cut government spending, and regulated the economy less.
Near the end of the decade, the stock market crashed and the Great Depression was beginning. During the Great Depression, Republicans lost popularity and Democrats came into power and remained in power until 1953, when Dwight Eisenhower began his first of two consecutive terms as president. (He was re-elected in 1956.) Richard Nixon lost the election in 1960, but was elected president on the Republican ticket in 1968 and again in 1972.
Ronald Reagan, an actor who has been a conservative political activist for decades, was elected as president in 1980. This began a conservative era which would last for until 1992. He served two terms and his successor George H.W. Bush served one term. Reagan renewed many ideas which had left behind in the past such as limited government in the economy and strengthening the military.
Bill Clinton (a Democrat) was elected president in 1992, but a new Congress was elected in 1994, and Republicans gained control of both the House of Representatives and the Senate. They voted against many of Clinton's ideas and proposed ideas of their own such as a line item veto and a balanced budget amendment.
The Republicans lost control of Congress during 2006 (possibly due to Republican president George W. Bush's unpopularity). Democrat Barack Obama was elected in 2008. Those two factors weakened the conservative movement.
Currently, the Republican Party is identified as conservative and right-wing.
Not all Republicans believe in all of the same things, but generally these are the things many Republicans support:
Republican Presidents during the 2000s
Republican presidents during the 1900s:
Republican presidents during the 1800s:
Here are sentences from other pages on Republican Party (United States), which are similar to those in the above article.
|
|