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Samsun
File:Samsun Kolajı.jpg
Samsun
Samsun is located in Turkey
Samsun
Location of Samsun
Coordinates: 41°17′N 36°20′E / 41.283°N 36.333°E / 41.283; 36.333
Country  Turkey
Region Black Sea
Province Samsun
Area
 - Total 9.083 km2 (3.5 sq mi)
Population (2008)
 - Total 1,233,677
Time zone EET (UTC+2)
 - Summer (DST) EEST (UTC+3)
Postal code
Area code(s) (+90) 362
Licence plate 55
Website www.samsun.bel.tr

Samsun is a city in northern Turkey, on the coast of the Black Sea, with a population of 725,111 as of 2007. It is the capital city of Samsun Province and an important port. Samsun was founded as the colony Amisos (alternative spelling Amisus, Eis Amison - meaning to amisos took the name Samsunta or Samsus (Eis Amison - Samson - Samsounta) as in Greek + ounta "Greek toponomical suffix".[1] ) by settlers from Miletus in the 7th century BC.

Contents

History

Samsun's ideal combination of fertile ground and shallow waters has attracted numerous trade interests. Greek colonists settled in the 6th century BC and established a flourishing trade relationship with the ancient peoples of Anatolia. At that time, Samsun was part of the Greek colony of Amisus. In the 3rd century BC, Samsun came under the expanded rule of the Kingdom of Pontus. The Kingdom of Pontus had been part of the empire of Alexander the Great. However, the empire was fractured soon after Alexander's death in the 4th century BC. At its height, the kingdom controlled the north of central Anatolia and mercantile towns on the northern Black Sea shores.

Samsun

The Romans took over in 47 BC, and were replaced by the Byzantines after the fall of Rome. In 1200 Samsun was captured by the Seljuks, to be later taken over by the İlhanlılar. Samsun was incorporated into the network of Genoese trading posts and was taken by the Ottomans in the beginning of the 15th century. Before leaving, the Genoese razed the town.

Atatürk founded the Turkish republic movement at Samsun and it served as its base during the Turkish War of Independence.

For more details on this topic, see Turkish War of Independence.

The city is a Roman Catholic titular see.

Geography

Samsun is situated between two river deltas which jut into the Black Sea. It is located at the end of an ancient route from Cappadocia: the Amisos of antiquity lay on the headland northwest of the modern city. To Samsun's west, lies the Kızılırmak ("Red River", the Halys of antiquity), one of the longest rivers in Anatolia and its fertile delta. To the east, lie the Yeşilırmak ("Green River", the Iris of antiquity) and its delta.

Samsun

Rivers

Terme river, Yeşilırmak, Aptal river, Mert river, Kürtün river, Kızılırmak [2]

Lakes

Akgöl, Dumanlı, Semenlik

Sites

Archaeological Sites: 41 Urban Sites: 4 Natural Sites: 7 Historical Sites: 1

Other Sites

Archaeological and Natural Sites: 3 Total: 56 Cultural (at Single Construction Scale) and Natural Heritages: 369 TOTAL: 424

Travel

Highway: coach station is out of the city, but the most of bus companies provide a free transfer to there, if you have a ticket. Details could be found at ticket sales offices [3] [4]

Coach station Tel: (+90-362) 238 17 06

Railway: Samsun - Sivas and Samsun - Amasya railway connections are available. Train station is placed at the city center.

Train station Tel : (+90-362) 233 22 93

Maritime lines: Ferry boat voyages to Samsun are arranged in June - Augustus months. The port is in the city center.

Port Tel : (+90-362) 445 16 05

Airway: Samsun-Çarşamba Airport is 23 km away from the city center. It is possible to reach airport by Havas service buses departure from the coach park close to Kultur Sarayi in the city center. [5]

Airport Tel : (+90-362) 844 88 30 - 844 88 24 - 844 88 25

Samsun Guide - Samsun, Turkey [6]

Climate

Samsun has a typical Black Sea climate with high and evenly distributed rainfall the year round. Summers are warm and humid, and the average maximum temperature is around 27°C in August. Winters are cool and damp, and the lowest average minimum temperature is around 5°C in January. Precipitation is heaviest in late autumn and early winter. Snowfall is quite common between the months of December and March, snowing for a week or two, and it can be heavy once it snows. The water temperature like in the whole Turkish Black Sea coast is always cool and fluctuates between 8° and 20°C throughout the year.

Weather data for Samsun
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Average high °F 50 52 54 59 66 73 79 81 75 70 63 55
Average low °F 37 37 39 45 54 61 64 64 61 55 48 43
Average high °C 10 11 12 15 19 23 26 27 24 21 17 13
Average low °C 3 3 4 7 12 16 18 18 16 13 9 6
Source: bbc.co.uk [7] 7 September 2009

Economy

Samsun is an important Turkish trade centre and the most important port on the Black Sea coast. Samsun is one of the major Turkish tobacco producing provinces. In the later Ottoman period the land around the town mainly produced tobacco. The town was connected to the railway system in the second half of the 19th century, and tobacco trade boomed. The Çarşamba Plain and the Bafra Plain offer possibilities for farming.

A concern of automotive industries is located in Samsun.

Education

The University of Samsun (19 Mayis Üniversitesi) is one of the seven best universities of Turkey. Moreover the city has colleges, 58 grammar schools, 1.048 primary schools, and public libraries.

Samsun

Places to see

  • Kultur Sarayi (Palace of Culture). Concerts and other performances are held at the Kultur Sarayi, which is shaped much like a ski jump.
  • Archaeological and Atatürk Museum. The archaeological part of the museum displays ancient artifacts found in the Samsun area. The Atatürk section includes photographs of his life and some personal belongings. The museum is open from 8:30 till 12:00 and from 14:00 till 17:00.
  • The Russian Market (Rus Pazari).
  • Statue of Atatürk. By Austrian sculptor Heinz Kriphel, from 1928 to 1931. The statue was depicted on the obverse of the Turkish 100,000 lira banknotes of 1991-2001.[8]
  • Atatürk (Gazi) Museum. It houses Atatürk's bedroom, his study and conference room as well some personal belongings.
  • Pazar Mosque, Samsun's oldest surviving building, a mosque built by the Ilhanid Mongols in the 13th century.
  • Karadağ Geçidi (Karadag Pass) (at an altitude of 940 metres). The landscape, on the way to Amasya.

International relations

See also: List of twin towns and sister cities in Turkey

Twin towns — Sister cities

Samsun is twinned with:

Notable natives

See also

References

  1. ^ Özhan Öztürk. Karadeniz: Ansiklopedik Sözlük (Blacksea: Encyclopedic Dictionary). 2 Cilt (2 Volumes). Heyamola Publishing. Istanbul.2005 ISBN 975-6121-00-9
  2. ^ Samsun
  3. ^ Coach station location
  4. ^ Metro turizm sales offices in Samsun
  5. ^ Transportation to/from airport: place and schedule
  6. ^ Samsun Guide
  7. ^ "Average Conditions: Samsun, Turkey". BBC. http://www.bbc.co.uk/weather/world/city_guides/results.shtml?tt=TT004400. Retrieved January 8, 2009.  
  8. ^ Central Bank of the Republic of Turkey. Banknote Museum: 7. Emission Group - One Hundred Thousand Turkish Lira - I. Series, II. Series & III. Series. – Retrieved on 20 April 2009.

External links

Coordinates: 41°17′25″N 36°20′01″E / 41.29028°N 36.33361°E / 41.29028; 36.33361


Travel guide

Up to date as of January 14, 2010

From Wikitravel

Samsun is a city in the Central Karadeniz region of Turkey.

Routes through Samsun
Akçakoca ← Sinop ←  W noframe E  → Trabzon → Rize
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1911 encyclopedia

Up to date as of January 14, 2010
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From LoveToKnow 1911

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Wiktionary

Up to date as of January 14, 2010
(Redirected to Appendix:Place names/Samsun article)

Definition from Wiktionary, a free dictionary

English

Proper noun

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Wikipedia

Samsun

  1. A city on the Black Sea coast of Turkey

Translations

  • Greek: Σαμψούντα (Sampsoúnda)
  • Hebrew: סמסון (samsun)
  • Japanese: サムスン (samusun)
  • Turkish: Samsun







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