A sandwich is a food item consisting of two or more slices of bread with one or more fillings between them,[1] or one slice of bread with a topping or toppings, commonly called an open sandwich. Sandwiches are a widely popular type of food, typically taken to work or school, or picnics to be eaten as part of a packed lunch. They generally contain a combination of salad vegetables, meat, cheese, and a variety of sauces. The bread can be used as is, or it can be coated with butter, oil, mustard or other condiments to enhance flavor and texture. They are widely sold in restaurants and cafes.
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Bread has been eaten with other food since its creation in Neolithic times. For example, the ancient Jewish sage Hillel the Elder is said to have wrapped meat from the Paschal lamb and bitter herbs between two pieces of matzah (or flat, unleavened bread) during Passover,[2] but the concept of a sandwich (as opposed to a wrap) is more recent. During the Middle Ages, thick slabs of coarse and usually stale bread, called "trenchers", were used as plates. After a meal, the food-soaked trencher was fed to a dog or to beggars, or eaten by the diner. Trenchers were the precursors of open-face sandwiches.[3] The immediate cultural precursor with a direct connection to the English sandwich was to be found in the Netherlands of the 17th century, where the naturalist John Ray observed[4] that in the taverns beef hung from the rafters "which they cut into thin slices and eat with bread and butter laying the slices upon the butter"— explanatory specifications that reveal the Dutch belegde broodje was as yet unfamiliar in England.
If it was initially perceived as food men shared while gaming and drinking at night, the sandwich slowly began appearing in polite society as a late-night meal among the aristocracy. The sandwich's popularity in Spain and England increased dramatically during the 19th century, when the rise of an industrial society and the working classes made fast, portable, and inexpensive meals essential.[5]
It was at the same time that the sandwich finally began to appear outside of Europe. In the United States, the sandwich was first promoted as an elaborate meal at supper. By the early 20th century, as bread became a staple of the United States diet, the sandwich became the same kind of popular, quick meal as was widespread in the Mediterranean.[5]
The first written usage of the English word appeared in Edward Gibbon's journal, in longhand, referring to "bits of cold meat" as a 'Sandwich'.[6] It was named after John Montagu, 4th Earl of Sandwich, an 18th-century English aristocrat, although he was neither the inventor nor sustainer of the food. It is said that he ordered his valet to bring him meat tucked between two pieces of bread, and because Montagu also happened to be the Fourth Earl of Sandwich, others began to order "the same as Sandwich!"[3] It is said that Lord Sandwich was fond of this form of food because it allowed him to continue playing cards, particularly cribbage, while eating without getting his cards greasy from eating meat with his bare hands.[3]
The rumour in its familiar form appeared in Pierre-Jean Grosley's Londres (Neichatel, 1770), translated as A Tour to London 1772;[7] Grosley's impressions had been formed during a year in London, 1765. The sober alternative is provided by Sandwich's biographer, N. A. M. Rodger, who suggests Sandwich's commitments to the navy, to politics and the arts mean the first sandwich was more likely to have been consumed at his desk.
The term sandwich is occasionally used (informally) in reference to open-faced sandwiches; these normally consist of a single slice of bread topped with meat, salad vegetables, and various condiments. These differ from a normal sandwich in that they have a single slice of bread instead of two, with toppings instead of a filling.[8] The open-faced sandwich also has a history differing from that of the true sandwich, having originated between the 6th and 16th centuries, with stale slices of bread used as plates called "Trenchers" (whereas its relative, the modern sandwich, traces its roots to the Earl of Sandwich instead),[3] In the United States, a court in Boston, Massachusetts ruled that "sandwich" includes at least two slices of bread.[1] and "under this definition and as dictated by common sense, this court finds that the term "sandwich" is not commonly understood to include burritos, tacos, and quesadillas, which are typically made with a single tortilla and stuffed with a choice filling of meat, rice, and beans."[9] The issue was whether a restaurant which sold burritos could move into a shopping center where another restaurant had a no-compete clause in its lease prohibiting other "sandwich" shops.
The verb to sandwich has the meaning to position anything between two other things of a different character, or to place different elements alternately[10], and the noun has other meanings derived from this more general definition.
The word "butty" is often used in Northern areas of the United Kingdom as a synonym for "sandwich," particularly in the name of certain kinds of sandwiches such as a chip butty, bacon butty, or sausage butty. "Sarnie" is a similar colloquialism.
Some of these are distinguished primarily by the bread or method of preparation, rather than the filling.
 French bread sandwich with fries. |
 Croque Monsieur French Ham and Cheese. |
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 Sandwich making |
 A Philly cheese steak, a type of submarine sandwich. |
 Example of uncommonly large sandwich. Weight approx. 2lbs., total. |
 Hamburger sandwich |
 Smoked Meat Sandwich |
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There is more than one place called Sandwich:
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This article is a disambiguation page. If you arrived here by following a link from another page you can help by correcting it, so that it points to the appropriate disambiguated page. |
Category: Disambiguation
SANDWICH, a market town, municipal borough, and one of the Cinque Ports in the St Augustine's parliamentary division of Kent, England, 12 m. E. of Canterbury, on the South-Eastern & Chatham railway. Pop. (1901), 3170. It is situated 2 m. from the sea, on the river Stour, which is navigable up to the bridge for vessels of 200 tons. The old line of the walls on the land side is marked by a public walk. The Fisher Gate and a gateway called the Barbican are interesting; but the four principal gates were pulled down in the 18th century. St Clement's church has a fine Norman central tower, and St Peter's (restored), said to date from the reign of King John, has interesting medieval monuments. The curfew is still rung at St Peter's. A grammar school was founded by Sir Roger Manwood in 1564, but the existing school buildings are modern. There are three ancient hospitals; St Bartholomew's has a fine Early English chapel of the 12th century. The establishment of the railway and of the St George's golf links (1886) rescued Sandwich from the decay into which it had fallen in the earlier part of the 19th century. The links are among the finest in England.
Richborough Castle, 14 m. N. of Sandwich, is one of the finest relics of Roman Britain. It was called Rutupiae, and guarded one of the harbours for continental traffic in Roman times, and was in the 4th century a fort of the coast defence along the Saxon shore.
The situation of Sandwich on the Wantsum, once a navigable channel for ships bound for London, made it a famous port in the time of the Saxons, who probably settled here when the sea receded from the Roman port of Richborough. In 973 Edgar granted the harbour and town to the monastery of Christ Church, Canterbury, and at the time of the Domesday Survey Sandwich supplied 40,000 herrings each year to the monks. As one of the Cinque Ports, Sandwich owed a service of five ships to the king, and shared the privileges granted to the Cinque Ports from the reign of Edward the Confessor onwards. At the end of the 13th century the monks granted the borough, with certain reservations, to Queen Eleanor; a further grant of their rights was made to Edward III. in 1364, the crown being thenceforward lord of the borough. A charter of Henry II. confirmed the customs and rights which Sandwich had previously enjoyed, and this charter was confirmed by John in 1205, by Edward II. in 1313 and by Edward III. in 1365. The town was a borough by prescription, and was governed in the 13th century by a mayor and jurats; a mayor was elected as early as 1226. The governing charter until 1835 was that granted by Charles II. in 1684. During the middle ages Sandwich was one of the chief ports for the continent, but as the sea gradually receded and the passage of the Wantsum became choked with sand the port began to decay, and by the time of Elizabeth the harbour was nearly useless. In her reign Walloons settled here and introduced the manufacture of woollen goods and the cultivation of vegetables; this saved the borough from sinking into unimportance. Three fairs to be held at Sandwich were granted to Queen Eleanor in 1290; Henry VII. granted two fairs on the 7th of February and the 5th of June, each to last for thirty days, and in the governing charter two fairs, on the ist of April and the ist of October, were granted; these all seem to have died out before the end of the 18th century. A corn market on Wednesday and a cattle market on every alternate Monday are now held. Representatives from the Cinque Ports were first summoned to parliament in 1265; the first returns for Sandwich are for 1366, after which it returned two members until it was disfranchised in 1885. Sandwich is governed by a mayor, 4 aldermen and 12 councillors. Area, 707 acres.
See W. Boys, Collections for History of Sandwich (1792); E. Hasted, History of Kent (1778-1799); Victoria County History (Kent).
Categories: SAK-SAN
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Singular |
Plural |
Sandwich
Wikipedia de
Sandwich n.
This German entry was created from the translations listed at sandwich. It may be less reliable than other entries, and may be missing parts of speech or additional senses. Please also see Sandwich in the German Wiktionary. This notice will be removed when the entry is checked. (more information) April 2008
.]] A sandwich is a light snack prepared by placing different kinds of foods between two pieces of bread. The pieces of bread in a sandwich are referred to as slices or sheets of bread. The snack is thought to have been made first for the Earl of Sandwich, hence the name. Many people enjoy the sandwich as it is easy and quick to make in a hurry. Also, the sandwich can be easily eaten with one hand without utensils which allows consumers to have a hand free to do other things. Some people prefer to eat a sandwich with both hands.
Sandwiches are often given to children to eat at school. The sandwiches are put in a lunchbox and often wrapped in cling film to keep them fresh.
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A sandwich is not just limited to a singe layer of filling between two pieces of bread, it can also consist of multiple alternating layers of bread and filling. Each layer of filling is commonly referred to as a "deck". For instance, a single decker sandwich would be your standard of two slices of bread. a double decker sandwich would consist of three slices of bread with two layers of fillings. The double decker sandwich is so called because each layer of filling forms a deck, much like a double decker London Bus. A club sandwich is a double decker sandwich with chicken, bacon and salad. A triple decker sandwich would consist of four slices of bread with three layers of topping.
A sandwich with only one slice of bread is called an open-face sandwich. The bread is placed down first and then the filling is placed on top of it. It is often eaten with a knife and fork, although it could also be picked up and eaten as-is.
Another accepted sandwich variant is the toasted sandwich in which the bread has been put into a toaster. Sometimes the warm bread will then heat the fillings or the filling is heated before being put into the sandwich.
Sandwiches made with different types of bread might be given unique names. A panini, for example, is usually a sandwich on a small roll or loaf which is pressed between two heavy, heated grill plates. Sandwiches often also have regional names such as grinder, sub, hoagie, wedge, and so on.
There are many different types of sandwich that can be enjoyed by people when eating. These include:
Cold sheets of bread Sandwich
Heated sheets of bread Toastie
A breaded bun Burger
Ciabatta Panini
A long bread Baguette
There are many types of filling that can be placed within a sandwich. These include:
Eggs (Egg Sandwich)
Ham (Ham Sandwich)
Ground Beef (Burger)
Cheese (Cheese Sandwich)
Chicken (Chicken Sandwich)
Cucumber (Cucumber Sandwich)
Standard Sandwich Bread > Filling > Bread
Double Decker Bread > Filling A > Bread > Filling B > Bread
Triple Decker Bread > Filling A > Bread > Filling B > Bread > Filling C > Bread
n Decker Bread > Filling 1 > Bread ... Filling n > Bread
In one episode of the Apprentice, the apprentices were required to make sandwiches for Donald Trump.
In the french film Taxi the protagonist is made a special sandwich with half Bayonne ham, half Paris. This later sparks the jealousy of another character.
In the Warner Brothers cartoon Scooby Doo, Scooby was well known to love making Sandwiches with Shaggy having many layers, often with a great variety of fillings.
In the TV Series Buffy, during episode 61, Buffy eyes a classmate eating a sandwich, snatches it and hungrily scarfs it down.
In the TV Series Star Trek, Scotty used the word sandwich to refer to the makeup of a piece of technology which was made of three layers of two materials, which caused the food synthesizer in the galley of the USS Enterprise to believe that he was requesting a meal. Scotty canceled the process by kicking the offending unit.
There are a number of other words that can be used in the place of the term sandwich.
Sarney or Sarnie - England
Butty - England
Bap - England
Barmcake - Staffordshire, England
Brotwanger - Germany
Grainy Bread Trap - Tasmania
Malty Doorstep - New Zealand
Sanger - Australia
Le Sand - France
Sanduba - Brazil
The largest sandwich ever made was made by Wild Woody's Chill and Grill, Roseville, Michigan. It weighed 5,440 lbs.[1]
   | What's Cooking America - Sandwiches, History of Sandwiches |
 | The British Sandwich Association - www.sandwich.org.uk - The British Sandwich Association |
| | "Arguments spread thick: Is a burrito a sandwich?" - Arguments spread thick - The Boston Globe |
| | Sandwich Lover's Club - Sandwich Lover's Club |
| | SandwichGuide.co.uk Reviews 100s of UK Sandwiches - SandwichGuide.co.uk - The Only Website For Sandwich Reviews! |
| | The Sandwich Manifesto: What is a Sandwich? - The Sandwich Manifesto |
| | Pictures and descriptions of New York Style Deli Sandwiches - Welcome to the Rochester Deli |
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