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This article is about the concept of Satan. For the concept of "devil", see Devil. For other uses, see Satan (disambiguation).
Satan trampled by Archangel Michael, by Guido Reni 1636.
Satan (Hebrew: הַשָׂטָן ha-Satan ("the accuser"); Persian "sheytân"; Arabic: الشيطان al-Shaitan ("the adversary") - both from the Semitic root: Ś-Ṭ-N) is an embodiment of antagonism that originates from the Abrahamic religions, being traditionally considered an angel in Judeo-Christian belief, and a Jinn in Islamic belief. Originally, the term was used as a title for various entities that challenged the religious faith of humans in the Hebrew Bible.[citation needed] Since then, the Abrahamic religions have used "Satan" as a name for the Devil.[1]

Contents

In Judaism

In the Hebrew Bible

In the book of Job (Iyov), ha-satan ("the accuser") is the title of an angel submitted to God. In Judaism ha-satan does not make evil, rather points out to God the evil inclinations and actions of humankind. In essence ha-satan has no power unless humans do evil things. After God places a wager with Satan about Job's piety, God gives "ha-satan" permission to test the faith of Job. The righteous man is afflicted with loss of family, property, and later, health, but he still stays faithful to God. At the conclusion of this book God appears as a whirlwind, explaining to all that divine justice is inscrutable. In the epilogue Job's possessions are restored and he has a second family to replace the one that died.
In the Torah, satan is used to describe both military (1 Sam 29:4; 1 Kings 5:4) and legal (Ps 109:6) adversaries. Satan is also in the Balaam's story in Numbers 22. The Angel of the LORD is identified as an adversary or a physical block to Balaam's journey in Numbers 22:22. Later in Numbers 22:32 the Angel of the LORD specifically identifies himself by claiming to be like an adversary, again using the term satan.
In 2 Samuel 24:1, Yahweh incites David to a census. Later 1 Chronicles 21:1, would attribute this action to satan.
The Book of Isaiah, Job, Ecclesiastes, and Deuteronomy all have passages[citation needed] in which God is credited for exercising sovereign control over both good and evil.

In the Hebrew Apocrypha

The Apocrypha are religious writings which are not accepted as religious texts in Judaism, and many modern-day Protestant sects of Christianity. These works usually bore the names of ancient Hebrew worthies in order to establish their validity among the true writers' contemporaries. To reconcile the late appearance of the texts with their claims to primitive antiquity, alleged authors are represented as "shutting up and sealing" (Dan. XII. 4:9) the works until the time of their fulfillment had arrived; as the texts were not meant for their own generations but for far-distant ages (also cited in Assumption of Moses I. 16:17). In the Book of Wisdom, the devil is represented as the being who brought death into the world.[2]
.The 2nd Book of Enoch, also called the Slavonic Book of Enoch, contains references to a Watcher Grigori called Satanael.^ So there are many references to devils, and spirits of divination and of evil which I have not the time to call attention to; but, in the Book of Job, Satan, the Devil has a conversation with God.
  • Devil 19 January 2010 19:22 UTC www.infidels.org [Source type: Original source]

 [3] It is a pseudepigraphic text of an uncertain date and unknown authorship. The text describes Satanael as being the prince of the Grigori who was cast out of heaven[4] and an evil spirit who knew the difference between what was "righteous" and "sinful".[5] A similar story is found in the book of 1 Enoch; however, in that book, the leader of the Grigori is called Semjâzâ.
In the apocryphal literature, Satan rules over a host of angels.[6] .Mastema, who induced God to test Abraham through the sacrifice of Isaac, is identical with Satan in both name and nature.^ We have been forgiven of our sins through the sacrifice of Jesus Christ on the cross so that we can live pure and guiltless lives before God, and not so that we can walk in sin with a clear conscience.
  • SeekersTrove.com - Lucifer and Satan the Devil - Fundamental ConceptsArticle - Bible Study 17 January 2010 6:45 UTC www.seekerstrove.com [Source type: Original source]

 ^ Notice that when given permission by God , Satan is able to exercise tremendous destructive influence on nature, nations, and individuals.

 ^ Matthew chapter four verses one through eleven record the temptations that Satan used in his attempt to cause Jesus to break faith with God.
  • SeekersTrove.com - Lucifer and Satan the Devil - Fundamental ConceptsArticle - Bible Study 17 January 2010 6:45 UTC www.seekerstrove.com [Source type: Original source]

 [7]
For the Chasidic Jews of the eighteenth century, Ha-satan was Baal Davar.[8] .The Book of Enoch contains references to Satariel, thought also to be Sataniel and Satan'el (etymology dating back to Babylonian origins).^ So there are many references to devils, and spirits of divination and of evil which I have not the time to call attention to; but, in the Book of Job, Satan, the Devil has a conversation with God.
  • Devil 19 January 2010 19:22 UTC www.infidels.org [Source type: Original source]

 The similar spellings mirror that of his angelic brethren Michael, Raphael, Uriel and Gabriel, previous to his expulsion from Heaven.

In the Talmud and other rabbinic sources

The Talmud mentions the Satan in many places. In all of these places, the Satan is an agent of God, and has no independent existence. Sometimes the Satan is conflated with various demons, such as Asmodai. At times there is even some sympathy for him. Commenting on the Book of Job, the rabbis express sympathy that his job was to "break the barrel but not spill any wine."
In Kabbalistic literature and its derivative, Hasidic literature, the Satan is seen as an agent of God whose job is to tempt one into sin, and then turn around and accuse the sinner on high. An additional understanding of Satan is from a parable to a prostitute who is hired by the King (God) to tempt his son (a Jew). The prostitute has to do the best she can to tempt the son; but deep down she hopes the son will pass the test. Similarly, Kabbalistic/Hasidic thought sees the Satan in the same situation. His job is to tempt us as best he can; turn around and accuse us; but deep down his wish is that we would resist his blandishments.

In Christianity

Main article: Christian teaching about the Devil
See also: War in Heaven
In Christianity, terms that are synonymous with "Satan" include:
  • The most common English synonym for "Satan" is "Devil", which descends from Middle English devel, from Old English dēofol, that in turn represents an early Germanic borrowing of Latin diabolus (also the source of "diabolical"). This in turn was borrowed from Greek diabolos "slanderer", from diaballein "to slander": dia- "across, through" + ballein "to hurl".[9] In the New Testament, "Satan" occurs more than thirty times in passages alongside Diabolos (Greek for "the devil"), referring to the same person or thing as Satan.[10]
  • Lucifer is sometimes used in Christian theology to refer to Satan, as a result of identifying the fallen "son of the dawn" of Isaiah 14:12 with the "accuser" of other passages in the Old Testament.
  • Beelzebub is originally the name of a Philistine god (more specifically a certain type of Baal, from Ba‘al Zebûb, lit. "Lord of Flies") but is also used in the New Testament as a synonym for Satan. A corrupted version, "Belzeboub", appears in The Divine Comedy.
  • Satan is identified as the serpent who convinced Eve to eat the forbidden fruit; thus, Satan has often been depicted as a serpent. This interpretation goes back at least as far as the time of the writing of the book of Revelation, which specifically identifies Satan as being the serpent (Rev. 20:2).
  • "The dragon" and "the old serpent" in the Book of Revelation 12:9, 20:2 have been identified with Satan. The Book of Revelation also refers to "the deceiver," from which is derived the common epithet "the great deceiver."[11] Other terms identified with Satan include "the prince of this world" in the Book of John 12:31, 14:30; "the prince of the power of the air" also called Meririm, and "the spirit that now worketh in the children of disobedience" in the Book of Ephesians 2:2; and "the god of this world" in 2 Corinthians 4:4.[12]
  • Leviathan is described as "that crooked serpent", which is also used to describe Satan in Revelation 12:9. 'Sar ha Olam,' a possible name for Metatron, is described as Satan by Michael, Jehoel and St. Paul.
Satan as depicted in the Ninth Circle of Hell in Dante Alighieri's Inferno, illustrated by Gustave Doré.
In mainstream Christianity's understanding of the holy Hebrew scriptures, the Torah, Satan is a synonym for the Devil. For most Christians, he is believed to be an angel who rebelled against God—and also the one who spoke through the serpent and seduced Eve into disobeying God's command. His ultimate goal is to lead people away from the love of God — to lead them to fallacies which God opposes. Satan is also identified as the accuser of Job, the tempter in the Gospels, the secret power of lawlessness in 2 Thessalonians 2:7, and the dragon in the Book of Revelation. Before his insurrection, Satan was among the highest of all angels and the "brightest in the sky". His pride is considered a reason why he would not bow to God as all other angels did, but sought to rule heaven himself. The popularly held beliefs that Satan was once a prideful angel who eventually rebels against God, however, are barely portrayed explicitly in the Bible and are mostly based on inference (e.g., Ezekiel 28). In mainstream Christianity he is called "the ruler of the demons" (Matt. 12:24), "the ruler of the world" and "the god of this world". (2 Cor. 4:4). The Book of Revelation describes how Satan will be cast out of Heaven, down to the earth, having "great anger" and waging war against "those who obey God's commandments and hold to the testimony of Jesus". Ultimately, Satan is thrown into the "lake of fire" (Revelation 20:10), not as ruler, but as one among many, being tormented day and night for all eternity.
In other Christian beliefs (e.g. the beliefs of the Christadelphians) the word "satan" in the Bible is not regarded as referring to a supernatural, personal being but to any "adversary" and figuratively refers to human sin and temptation.[13]

In Islam

Main article: Islamic teaching about the Devil
Shaitan (شيطان) is the equivalent of Satan in Islam. While Shaitan (شيطان, from the root šṭn شطن) is an adjective (meaning "astray" or "distant", sometimes translated as "devil") that can be applied to both man ("al-ins", الإنس) and Jinn, Iblis (Arabic pronunciation: [ˈibliːs]) is the personal name of the Devil who is mentioned in the Qur'anic account of Genesis.[14] According to the Qur'an, Iblis (the Arabic name used) disobeyed an order from Allah to bow to Adam and as a result was forced out of heaven and given respite until the day of judgment from further punishment.
When Allah commanded all of the angels to bow down before Adam (the first Human), Iblis, full of hubris and jealousy, refused to obey God's command (he could do so because, as a jinn, he had free will), seeing Adam as being inferior in creation due to his being created from clay as compared to him (created of fire).[15]
"It is We Who created you and gave you shape; then We bade the angels prostrate to Adam, and they prostrate; not so Iblis (Lucifer); He refused to be of those who prostrate."
(Allah) said: "What prevented thee from prostrating when I commanded thee?" He said: "I am better than he: Thou didst create me from fire, and him from clay."
Qur'an 7:11-12
It was after this that the title of "Shaitan" was given, which can be roughly translated as "Enemy," "Rebel," "Evil" or "Devil". Shaitan then claims that if the punishment for his act of disobedience is to be delayed until the Day of Judgment, that he will divert many of Adam's own descendants from the straight path during his period of respite.[16] God accepts the claims of Iblis and guarantees recompense to Iblis and his followers in the form of Hellfire. In order to test mankind and jinn alike, Allah allowed Iblis to roam the earth to attempt to convert others away from his path.[17] He was sent to earth along with Adam and Eve, after eventually luring them into eating the fruit from the forbidden tree.[18]

In other religions

Yazidism

An alternate name for the main deity in the tentatively Indo-European pantheon of the Yazidi, Malek Taus, is Shaitan.[19] Rather than Satanic, however, Yazidism is better understood as a remnant of a pre-Islamic Middle Eastern Indo-European religion, and/or a ghulat Sufi movement founded by Shaykh Adi. The connection with Satan, originally made by Muslim outsiders, attracted the interest of 19th-century European travelers and esoteric writers.

Bahá'í Faith

In the Bahá'í Faith, 'Satan' is not regarded as an independent evil power as he is in some faiths, but signifies the "base nature" of humans. `Abdu'l-Bahá explains: "This lower nature in man is symbolized as Satan -- the evil ego within us, not an evil personality outside."[20]

Satanism

Main article: Satanism
Avowedly Satanic groups have various opinions about Satan, ranging from the conviction that he exists and ought to be worshipped (theistic Satanism), to Anton Szandor LaVey's symbolic interpretation, which emphasizes individual will and pleasure-seeking.
.Much "Satanic" lore does not originate from actual Satanists, but from Christians.^ In other words, if a person does that, he has actually made himself subject to Satan because Satan is the god of this world!
  • Satan (Forerunner Commentary) :: Bible Tools 17 January 2010 6:45 UTC bibletools.org [Source type: Original source]

 ^ If people would only pay attention to this one verse right here I think that much of the confusion over the origin of Satan would be alleviated tremendously.
  • Assumptions About Satan 17 January 2010 6:45 UTC askelm.com [Source type: Original source]

 Best-known would be the medieval folklore and theology surrounding demons and witches. A more recent example is the so-called Satanic ritual abuse scare of the 1980s — beginning with the memoir Michelle Remembers — which depicts Satanism as a vast (and unsubstantiated) conspiracy of elites with a predilection for child abuse and human sacrifice. .This genre regularly describes Satan as actually appearing in person in order to receive worship.^ In other words, if a person does that, he has actually made himself subject to Satan because Satan is the god of this world!
  • Satan (Forerunner Commentary) :: Bible Tools 17 January 2010 6:45 UTC bibletools.org [Source type: Original source]

See also

Archangel Michael fighting Satan on the Coat of Arms of Arkhangelsk, Russia.

Notes

  1. ^ Scott (1999); Kelly (2006)
  2. ^ "But by the envy of the devil, death came into the world" - Book of Wisdom II. 24
  3. ^ 2 Enoch 18:3
  4. ^ "And I threw him out from the height with his angels, and he was flying in the air continuously above the bottomless" - 2 Enoch 29:4
  5. ^ "The devil is the evil spirit of the lower places, as a fugitive he made Sotona from the heavens as his name was Satanail, thus he became different from the angels, but his nature did not change his intelligence as far as his understanding of righteous and sinful things" - 2 Enoch 31:4
  6. ^ Martyrdom of Isaiah, 2:2; Vita Adæ et Evæ, 16)
  7. ^ Book of Jubilees, xvii. 18
  8. ^ The Dictionary of Angels" by Gustav Davidson, © 1967
  9. ^ "American Heritage Dictionary: Devil". http://www.bartleby.com/61/94/D0179400.html. Retrieved 2006-05-31. 
  10. ^ Revelation 12:9
  11. ^ B. W. Johnson ([1891]). "The Revelation of John. Chapter XX. The Millennium.". The People's New Testament. Memorial University of Newfoundland. http://www.mun.ca/rels/restmov/texts/bjohnson/hg1/PNT27-20.HTM. Retrieved November 30, 2009. 
  12. ^ 2 Corinthians 4:4
  13. ^ "Do you Believe in a Devil?". http://www.christadelphia.org/pamphlet/devil.htm. Retrieved 2007-05-29. 
  14. ^ Iblis
  15. ^ [Qur'an 17:61]; [Qur'an 2:34]
  16. ^ [Qur'an 17:62]
  17. ^ [Qur'an 17:63-64]
  18. ^ [Qur'an 7:20-22]
  19. ^ Drower, E.S. The Peacock Angel. Being Some Account of Votaries of a Secret Cult and their Sanctuaries. London: John Murray, 1941. [1]
  20. ^ From The Promulgation of Universal Peace p. 470

References

  • Bamberger, Bernard J. (2006). Fallen Angels: Soldiers of Satan's Realm. Jewish Publication Society of America. ISBN 0-8276-0797-0. 
  • Caldwell, William. "The Doctrine of Satan: I. In the Old Testament," The Biblical World, Vol. 41, No. 1 (Jan., 1913), pp. 29-33 in JSTOR
  • Caldwell, William. "The Doctrine of Satan: II. Satan in Extra-Biblical Apocalyptical Literature," The Biblical World, Vol. 41, No. 2 (Feb., 1913), pp. 98-102 in JSTOR
  • Caldwell, William. "The Doctrine of Satan: III. In the New Testament," The Biblical World, Vol. 41, No. 3 (Mar., 1913), pp. 167-172 in JSTOR
  • Empson, William. Milton's God (1966)
  • Forsyth, Neil (1987). The Old Enemy: Satan & the Combat Myth. Princeton University Press; Reprint edition. ISBN 0-691-01474-4. 
  • Forsyth, Neil (1987). The Satanic Epic. Princeton University Press; Reprint edition. ISBN 0-691-11339-4. 
  • Gentry, Kenneth L. Jr (2002). The Beast of Revelation. American Vision. ISBN 0-915815-41-9. 
  • Graves, Kersey (1995). Biography of Satan: Exposing the Origins of the Devil. Book Tree. ISBN 1-885395-11-6. 
  • Jacobs, Joseph, and Ludwig Blau. "Satan," The Jewish Encyclopedia (1906) online pp 68-71
  • Kelly, Henry Ansgar. Satan: A Biography. (2006). 360 pp. excerpt and text searchISBN 0-521-60402-8, a study of the Bible and Western literature
  • Kent, William. "Devil." The Catholic Encyclopedia (1908) Vol. 4. online older article
  • Osborne, B. A. E. "Peter: Stumbling-Block and Satan," Novum Testamentum, Vol. 15, Fasc. 3 (Jul., 1973), pp. 187-190 in JSTOR on "Get thee behind me, Satan!"
  • Pagels, Elaine (1995). The Origin of Satan. Vintage; Reprint edition. ISBN 0-679-72232-7. 
  • Rebhorn Wayne A. "The Humanist Tradition and Milton's Satan: The Conservative as Revolutionary," Studies in English Literature, 1500-1900, Vol. 13, No. 1, The English Renaissance (Winter, 1973), pp. 81-93 in JSTOR
  • Rudwin, Maximilian (1970). The Devil in Legend and Literature. Open Court. ISBN 0-87548-248-1. 
  • Russell, Jeffrey Burton. The Devil: Perceptions of Evil from Antiquity to Primitive Christianity (1987) excerpt and text search
  • Russell, Jeffrey Burton. Satan: The Early Christian Tradition (1987) excerpt and text search
  • Russell, Jeffrey Burton. Lucifer: The Devil in the Middle Ages (1986) excerpt and text search
  • Russell, Jeffrey Burton. Mephistopheles: The Devil in the Modern World (1990) excerpt and text search
  • Russell, Jeffrey Burton. The Prince of Darkness: Radical Evil and the Power of Good in History (1992) excerpt and text search
  • Schaff, D. S. "Devil" in New Schaff-Herzog Encyclopedia of Religious Knowledge (1911), Mainline Protestant; vol 3 pp 414-417 online
  • Scott, Miriam Van. The Encyclopedia of Hell (1999) excerpt and text search comparative religions; also popular culture
  • Wray, T. J. and Gregory Mobley. The Birth of Satan: Tracing the Devil's Biblical Roots (2005) excerpt and text search

External links


Quotes

Up to date as of January 14, 2010

From Wikiquote

For quotes about Satan, see The Devil.
That emperor, who sways the realm of sorrow, at mid breast from th' ice stood forth; and I in stature am more like a giant, than the giants are in his arms.
.This is a selection of quotes, that regard or are attributed to Satan, whether in the The Bible, the Apocrypha, Hebrew and Christian, or in works of modern fiction.^ A core issue of the Bible is whether we submit to God's governance or try to form a government based on our own perception of what is good or what works.
  • Satan (Forerunner Commentary) :: Bible Tools 17 January 2010 6:45 UTC bibletools.org [Source type: Original source]

Contents

Scripture

The Old Testament

  • Doth Job fear God for nought? .Hast not thou made a hedge about him, and about his house, and about all that he hath on every side?^ They simmered in him and made him angry, and he desired to assert his will to control the governance of all that was happening.
    • Satan (Forerunner Commentary) :: Bible Tools 17 January 2010 6:45 UTC bibletools.org [Source type: Original source]

     Thou hast blessed the work of his hands, and his substance is increased in the land. But put forth thine hand now, and touch all that he hath, and he will curse thee to thy face.

Purported

These are passages that are often quoted as referring to Satan.
.
  • Son of man, take up a lamentation upon the king of Tyrus, and say unto him, Thus saith the Lord GOD; Thou sealest up the sum, full of wisdom, and perfect in beauty.^ In addition to that, he is—or was—full of wisdom and perfect in beauty.
    • Satan (Forerunner Commentary) :: Bible Tools 17 January 2010 6:45 UTC bibletools.org [Source type: Original source]

     ^ God says of him, "You were the seal of perfection, full of wisdom and perfect in beauty" (verse 12).
    • Satan (Forerunner Commentary) :: Bible Tools 17 January 2010 6:45 UTC bibletools.org [Source type: Original source]

     ^ The consequences of Korah's "taking action" are clear: God destroyed all these who rose up against Moses and Aaron—against Him.
    • Satan (Forerunner Commentary) :: Bible Tools 17 January 2010 6:45 UTC bibletools.org [Source type: Original source]

     .Thou hast been in Eden the garden of God; every precious stone was thy covering, the sardius, topaz, and the diamond, the beryl, the onyx, and the jasper, the sapphire, the emerald, and the carbuncle, and gold: the workmanship of thy tabrets and of thy pipes was prepared in thee in the day that thou wast created.^ Precious stones are part of his covering, which probably means they were part of the clothing that adorned him.
    • Satan (Forerunner Commentary) :: Bible Tools 17 January 2010 6:45 UTC bibletools.org [Source type: Original source]

     ^ He ignored the reality that he was the creation of God, and that God was thus superior to His creation in every way.
    • Satan (Forerunner Commentary) :: Bible Tools 17 January 2010 6:45 UTC bibletools.org [Source type: Original source]

     ^ [In the same way, God did not suddenly create rainbows in Noah?s day, but gave them new significance ( Genesis 9:8-17 ).
    • Satan (Forerunner Commentary) :: Bible Tools 17 January 2010 6:45 UTC bibletools.org [Source type: Original source]

     .Thou art the anointed cherub that covereth; and I have set thee so: thou wast upon the holy mountain of God; thou hast walked up and down in the midst of the stones of fire.^ Ezekiel calls him "the anointed cherub who covers," which means he was one of the chief angels whose wings covered God's throne in heaven.
    • Satan (Forerunner Commentary) :: Bible Tools 17 January 2010 6:45 UTC bibletools.org [Source type: Original source]

     ^ He walked where God ruled, amidst the fiery stones.
    • Satan (Forerunner Commentary) :: Bible Tools 17 January 2010 6:45 UTC bibletools.org [Source type: Original source]

     .Thou wast perfect in thy ways from the day that thou wast created, till iniquity was found in thee.^ [In the same way, God did not suddenly create rainbows in Noah?s day, but gave them new significance ( Genesis 9:8-17 ).
    • Satan (Forerunner Commentary) :: Bible Tools 17 January 2010 6:45 UTC bibletools.org [Source type: Original source]

     .By the multitude of thy merchandise they have filled the midst of thee with violence, and thou hast sinned: therefore I will cast thee as profane out of the mountain of God: and I will destroy thee, O covering cherub, from the midst of the stones of fire.^ Ezekiel calls him "the anointed cherub who covers," which means he was one of the chief angels whose wings covered God's throne in heaven.
    • Satan (Forerunner Commentary) :: Bible Tools 17 January 2010 6:45 UTC bibletools.org [Source type: Original source]

     ^ They can give life like Jesus' words, or they can devastate and destroy like a flood of water when it is out of control.
    • Satan (Forerunner Commentary) :: Bible Tools 17 January 2010 6:45 UTC bibletools.org [Source type: Original source]

     ^ Precious stones are part of his covering, which probably means they were part of the clothing that adorned him.
    • Satan (Forerunner Commentary) :: Bible Tools 17 January 2010 6:45 UTC bibletools.org [Source type: Original source]

     .Thine heart was lifted up because of thy beauty, thou hast corrupted thy wisdom by reason of thy brightness: I will cast thee to the ground, I will lay thee before kings, that they may behold thee.^ Your heart was lifted up because of your beauty; you corrupted your wisdom for the sake of your splendor; I cast you to the ground, I laid you before kings, that they might gaze at you.
    • Satan (Forerunner Commentary) :: Bible Tools 17 January 2010 6:45 UTC bibletools.org [Source type: Original source]

     .Thou hast defiled thy sanctuaries by the multitude of thine iniquities, by the iniquity of thy traffick; therefore will I bring forth a fire from the midst of thee, it shall devour thee, and I will bring thee to ashes upon the earth in the sight of all them that behold thee.^ You defiled your sanctuaries by the multitude of your iniquities, by the iniquity of your trading; therefore I brought fire from your midst; it devoured you, and I turned you to ashes upon the earth in the sight of all who saw you.
    • Satan (Forerunner Commentary) :: Bible Tools 17 January 2010 6:45 UTC bibletools.org [Source type: Original source]

     .All they that know thee among the people shall be astonished at thee: thou shalt be a terror, and never shalt thou be any more.^ Far more important is they know God exists, and they tremble before Him.
    • Satan (Forerunner Commentary) :: Bible Tools 17 January 2010 6:45 UTC bibletools.org [Source type: Original source]

     ^ All who knew you among the peoples are astonished at you; you have become a horror, and shall be no more forever.
    • Satan (Forerunner Commentary) :: Bible Tools 17 January 2010 6:45 UTC bibletools.org [Source type: Original source]

     ^ These people were in bondage, a kind of slavery, and they did not even know it.
    • Satan (Forerunner Commentary) :: Bible Tools 17 January 2010 6:45 UTC bibletools.org [Source type: Original source]
    • Ezekial 28:12-19 (KJV) Although in context this passage plainly refers in poetic language to an earthly king, it has commonly been taken by many to refer literally to Satan.Variant translation:
Son of man, take up a lament concerning the king of Tyre and say to him: 'This is what the Sovereign LORD says: You were the model of perfection, full of wisdom and perfect in beauty. You were in Eden, the garden of God; every precious stone adorned you: ruby, topaz and emerald, chrysolite, onyx and jasper, sapphire, turquoise and beryl. Your settings and mountings were made of gold; on the day you were created they were prepared. You were anointed as a guardian cherub, for so I ordained you. You were on the holy mount of God; you walked among the fiery stones. You were blameless in your ways from the day you were created till wickedness was found in you. Through your widespread trade you were filled with violence, and you sinned. So I drove you in disgrace from the mount of God, and I expelled you, O guardian cherub, from among the fiery stones. Your heart became proud on account of your beauty, and you corrupted your wisdom because of your splendor. So I threw you to the earth; I made a spectacle of you before kings. By your many sins and dishonest trade you have desecrated your sanctuaries. So I made a fire come out from you, and it consumed you, and I reduced you to ashes on the ground in the sight of all who were watching. All the nations who knew you are appalled at you; you have come to a horrible end and will be no more. (NIV)

The New Testament

Matthew

.
  • When the tempter came to him, he said, If thou be the Son of God, command that these stones be made bread.
    But he answered and said, It is written, Man shall not live by bread alone, but by every word that proceedeth out of the mouth of God.^ He was so angry that He came out against him, to stand in his way.
    • Satan (Forerunner Commentary) :: Bible Tools 17 January 2010 6:45 UTC bibletools.org [Source type: Original source]

     ^ The consequences of Korah's "taking action" are clear: God destroyed all these who rose up against Moses and Aaron—against Him.
    • Satan (Forerunner Commentary) :: Bible Tools 17 January 2010 6:45 UTC bibletools.org [Source type: Original source]

     ^ They trusted what they "saw" rather than believing what God said—His words—and became the first example of man choosing to walk by sight rather than by faith.
    • Satan (Forerunner Commentary) :: Bible Tools 17 January 2010 6:45 UTC bibletools.org [Source type: Original source]
    .Then the devil taketh him up into the holy city, and setteth him on a pinnacle of the temple, and saith unto him, If thou be the Son of God, cast thyself down: for it is written, He shall give his angels charge concerning thee: and in their hands they shall bear thee up, lest at any time thou dash thy foot against a stone.
    Jesus said unto him, It is written again, Thou shalt not tempt the Lord thy God.    ^ They were soundly defeated and cast down.
    • Satan (Forerunner Commentary) :: Bible Tools 17 January 2010 6:45 UTC bibletools.org [Source type: Original source]

     ^ Then the devil left Him, and behold, angels , came and ministered to Him."
    • Satan (Forerunner Commentary) :: Bible Tools 17 January 2010 6:45 UTC bibletools.org [Source type: Original source]

     ^ Revelation 12:4 ( Go to this verse :: Verse pop-up ) Stars, a symbol of angels , is used, meaning his angels—demons—were cast out with him.
    • Satan (Forerunner Commentary) :: Bible Tools 17 January 2010 6:45 UTC bibletools.org [Source type: Original source]
    Again, the devil taketh him up into an exceeding high mountain, and sheweth him all the kingdoms of the world, and the glory of them; and saith unto him, All these things will I give thee, if thou wilt fall down and worship me.
    Then saith Jesus unto him, Get thee hence, Satan: for it is written, Thou shalt worship the Lord thy God, and him only shalt thou serve.
    Then the devil leaveth him, and, behold, angels came and ministered unto him.

Luke

  • Jesus being full of the Holy Ghost returned from Jordan, and was led by the Spirit into the wilderness, being forty days tempted of the devil. And in those days he did eat nothing: and when they were ended, he afterward hungered. And the devil said unto him, If thou be the Son of God, command this stone that it be made bread.
    And Jesus answered him, saying, It is written, That man shall not live by bread alone, but by every word of God.
    And the devil, taking him up into an high mountain, shewed unto him all the kingdoms of the world in a moment of time. And the devil said unto him, All this power will I give thee, and the glory of them: for that is delivered unto me; and to whomsoever I will I give it. If thou therefore wilt worship me, all shall be thine.
    And Jesus answered and said unto him, Get thee behind me, Satan: for it is written, Thou shalt worship the Lord thy God, and him only shalt thou serve.
    And he brought him to Jerusalem, and set him on a pinnacle of the temple, and said unto him, If thou be the Son of God, cast thyself down from hence: For it is written, He shall give his angels charge over thee, to keep thee: And in their hands they shall bear thee up, lest at any time thou dash thy foot against a stone.
    And Jesus answering said unto him, It is said, Thou shalt not tempt the Lord thy God.
    And when the devil had ended all the temptation, he departed from him for a season.
    • The Temptations of Christ, as portrayed in Luke 4:1 - 4:13 (KJV)

Revelation

Apocrypha

Hebrew

The Book of Adam and Eve

Christian

Gospel of Nicodemus

Fiction

The Divine Comedy

  • "‘The Banners of the King of Hell Advance’
    Closer to us," my master said; "so look
    Straight ahead and see if you can spot them."
    • Inferno Canto 34, lines 1-3
  • He took a step aside and made me stop;
    "Behold Dis," he said, "look at the place
    Where you must arm yourself with steadfastness.
    • Inferno, lines 19-21
  • That emperor, who sways
    The realm of sorrow, at mid breast from th' ice
    Stood forth; and I in stature am more like
    A giant, than the giants are in his arms.
    Mark now how great that whole must be, which suits
    With such a part. If he were beautiful
    As he is hideous now, and yet did dare
    To scowl upon his Maker, well from him
    May all our mis'ry flow.
    • Inferno Canto 34, lines 28-30; 31-33; 34-36
  • "The proof of this is in that first proud angel
    Who was the pinnacle of every creature
    And who fell unripe, not waiting for the light:
    • Paradiso Canto 19, lines 46-48

Paradise Lost

  • Farewell, happy fields,
    Where joy for ever dwells! Hail, horrors! hail,
    Infernal world! and thou, profoundest .Hell,
    Receive thy new possessor—one who brings
    A mind not to be changed by place or time.    ^ While he can be only at one place at one time, he has many assistants.
    • Satan (Forerunner Commentary) :: Bible Tools 17 January 2010 6:45 UTC bibletools.org [Source type: Original source]

     ^ The only ones who are allowed to partake of the Tree of Life are those have changed themselves (with God's help, by His Spirit) to begin living in the same manner as He does.
    • Satan (Forerunner Commentary) :: Bible Tools 17 January 2010 6:45 UTC bibletools.org [Source type: Original source]
    .The mind is its own place, and in itself
    Can make a Heaven of Hell, a Hell of Heaven.
    What matter where, if I be still the same,
    And what I should be, all but less than he
    Whom thunder hath made greater?    ^ He moved them toward self-satisfaction to the point (the actual sin ) that they lied to take credit for a greater sacrifice than they actually made.
    • Satan (Forerunner Commentary) :: Bible Tools 17 January 2010 6:45 UTC bibletools.org [Source type: Original source]

     ^ In his own mind, his vanity elevated him higher than the position God had given to him, and it then began to work on his mind so that he had to do something about it.
    • Satan (Forerunner Commentary) :: Bible Tools 17 January 2010 6:45 UTC bibletools.org [Source type: Original source]

     ^ Thinking like this is not wrong in itself, but it is something that lodged itself in Lucifer's mind: "I know better than the one in charge," and in this case, it was God.
    • Satan (Forerunner Commentary) :: Bible Tools 17 January 2010 6:45 UTC bibletools.org [Source type: Original source]

     .Here at least
    We shall be free; the Almighty hath not built
    Here for his envy, will not drive us hence:
    Here we may reign secure, and in my choice
    to reign is worth ambition though in Hell:
    Better to reign in Hell, than serve in Heaven.
    • Book I, lines 258-63; Neil Gaiman in The San∂man: Season of Mists has the character "Lucifer" comment on the famous last line of this statement: "We didn't say it.^ Thinking like this is not wrong in itself, but it is something that lodged itself in Lucifer's mind: "I know better than the one in charge," and in this case, it was God.
      • Satan (Forerunner Commentary) :: Bible Tools 17 January 2010 6:45 UTC bibletools.org [Source type: Original source]

       ^ Isaiah 14:12-15 ( Go to this verse :: Verse pop-up ) Probably all of us have thought that we know better than those in charge.
      • Satan (Forerunner Commentary) :: Bible Tools 17 January 2010 6:45 UTC bibletools.org [Source type: Original source]

       ^ Would any of us have fared any better than Peter?
      • Satan (Forerunner Commentary) :: Bible Tools 17 January 2010 6:45 UTC bibletools.org [Source type: Original source]

       Milton said it. And he was blind."

Piers Plowman

The Mysterious Stranger

.The Satan In Twain's story claims he is only an angel of the Satan family, and not The Satan who famously has fallen from heaven.^ Ezekiel calls him "the anointed cherub who covers," which means he was one of the chief angels whose wings covered God's throne in heaven.
  • Satan (Forerunner Commentary) :: Bible Tools 17 January 2010 6:45 UTC bibletools.org [Source type: Original source]

 ^ We have insight here into a major battle that took place in heaven, one that Satan and his angels lost, and they were cast to the earth.
  • Satan (Forerunner Commentary) :: Bible Tools 17 January 2010 6:45 UTC bibletools.org [Source type: Original source]

 He remarks: "It is a good family - ours," said Satan; "there is not a better. He is the only member of it that has ever sinned." When asked about The Satan who has fallen he replies: "Yes - he is my uncle."
  • "Man is made of dirt -I saw him made. I am not made of dirt. Man is a museum of diseases, a home of impurities; he comes to-day and is gone tomorrow; he begins as dirt and departs as stench; I am of the aristocracy of the Imperishables. And man has the Moral Sense. You understand? He has the Moral Sense. That would seem to be difference enough between us, all by itself."
  • "Every man is a suffering-machine and a happiness-machine combined. The two functions work together harmoniously, with a fine and delicate precision, on the give-and-take principle. For every happiness turned out in the one department the other stands ready to modify it with a sorrow or a pain - maybe a dozen. In most cases the man's life is about equally divided between happiness and unhappiness. When this is not the case the unhappiness predominates - always; never the other. Sometimes a man's make and disposition are such that his misery-machine is able to do nearly all the business. Such a man goes through life almost ignorant of what happiness is. Everything he touches, everything he does, brings a misfortune upon him. You have seen such people? To that kind of a person life is not an advantage, is it? It is only a disaster. Sometimes for an hour's happiness a man's machinery makes him pay years of misery. Don't you know that? It happens every now and then. I will give you a case or two presently. Now the people of your village are nothing to me - you know that, don't you?"
  • "Men have nothing in common with me - there is no point of contact; they have foolish little feelings and foolish little vanities and impertinences and ambitions: their foolish little life is but a laugh, a sigh, and extinction; and they have no sense."
  • "Man's mind clumsily and tediously and laboriously patches little trivialities together and gets a result - such as it is."
  • "Here is a red spider, not so big as a pin's head. Can you imagine an elephant being interested in him - caring whether he is happy or isn't, or whether he is wealthy or poor, or whether his sweetheart returns his love or not, or whether his mother is sick or well, or whether he is looked up to in society or not, or whether his enemies will smite him or his friends desert him, or whether his hopes will suffer blight or his political ambitions fail, or whether he shall die in the bosom of his family or neglected and despised in a foreign land? These things can never be important to the elephant; they are nothing to him; he cannot shrink his sympathies to the microscopic size of them. Man is to me as the red spider is to the elephant."
  • "Your race never know good fortune from ill. They are always mistaking the one for the other. It is because they cannot see into the future."
  • "By this prompt death she gets twenty-nine years more of heaven than she is entitled to, and escapes twenty-nine years of misery here."
  • We saw Christianity and Civilization march hand in hand through those ages, "leaving famine and death and desolation in their wake; and other signs of the progress of the human race," as Satan observed.
  • "You perceive," he said, "that you have made continual progress. Cain did his murder with a club; the Hebrews did their murders with javelins and swords; the Greeks and Romans added protective armor and the fine arts of military organization and generalship; the Christian has added guns and gun' powder; a few centuries from now he will have so greatly improved the deadly effectiveness of his weapons of slaughter that all men will confess that without Christian civilization war must have remained a poor and trifling thing to the end of time."
  • "For a million years the (human) race has gone on monotonously propagating itself and monotonously reper forming this dull nonsense-to what end? No wisdom can guess! Who gets a profit out of it? Nobody but a parcel of usurping little monarchs and nobilities who despise you; would feel defiled if you touched them; would shut the door in your face if you proposed to call; whom you slave for, fight for, die for, and are not ashamed of it, but proud; whose existence is a perpetual insult to you and you are afraid to resent it..."
  • "I know your race. It is made up of sheep. It is governed by minorities, seldom or never by majorities. It suppresses its feelings and its beliefs and follows the handful that makes the most noise. Sometimes the noisy handful is right, sometimes wrong; but no matter, the crowd follows it."
  • "Monarchies, aristocracies, and religions are all based upon that large defect in your race - the individual's distrust of his neighbor, and his desire, for safety's or comfort's sake, to stand well in his neighbor's eye. These institutions will always remain, and always flourish, and always oppress you, affront you, and degrade you, because you will always be and remain slaves of minorities. There was never a country where the majority of the people were in their secret hearts loyal to any of these institutions."
  • I did not like to hear our race called sheep, and said I did not think they were. "Still, it is true, lamb," said Satan. "Look at you in war - what mutton you are, and how ridiculous!"
  • "It is some more Moral Sense. The proprietors are rich, and very holy; but the wage they pay to these poor brothers and sisters of theirs is only enough to keep them from dropping dead with hunger. The work-hours are fourteen per day, winter and summer - from six in the morning till eight at night -little children and all. And they walk to and from the pigsties which they inhabit - four miles each way, through mud and slush, rain, snow, sleet, and storm, daily, year in and year out. They get four hours of sleep. They kennel together, three families in a room, in unimaginable filth and stench; and disease comes, and they die off like flies. Have they committed a crime, these mangy things No. What have they done, that they are punished so? Nothing at all, except getting themselves born into your foolish race. You have seen how they treat a misdoer there in the jail; now you see how they treat the innocent and the worthy. Is your race logical? Are these ill-smelling innocents better off than that heretic? Indeed, no; his punishment is trivial compared with theirs. They broke him on the wheel and smashed him to rags and pulp after we left, and he is dead now, and free of your precious race; but these poor slaves here - why, they have been dying for years, and some of them will not escape from life for years to come. It is the Moral Sense which teaches the factory proprietors the difference between right and wrong - you perceive the result. They think themselves better than dogs. Ah, you are such an illogical, unreasoning race! And paltry - oh, unspeakably!"
  • Of war: "There has never been a just one, never an honorable one - on the part of the instigator of the war. I can see a million years ahead, and this rule will never change in so many as half a dozen instances. The loud little handful - as usual - will shout for the war. The pulpit will - warily and cautiously - object - at first; the great, big, dull bulk of the nation will rub its sleepy eyes and try to make out why there should be a war, and will say, earnestly and indignantly, "It is unjust and dishonorable, and here is no necessity for it." Then the handful will shout louder. A few fair men on the other side will argue and reason against the war with speech and pen, and at first will have a hearing and be applauded; but it will not last long; those others will out shout them, and presently the anti-war audiences will thin out and lose popularity. Before long you will see this curious thing: the speakers stoned from the platform, and free speech strangled by hordes of furious men who in their secret hearts are still at one with those stoned speakers - as earlier - but do not dare to say so. And now the whole nation - pulpit and all - will take up the war-cry, and shout itself hoarse, and mob any honest man who ventures to open his mouth; and presently such mouths will cease to open. Next the statesmen will invent cheap lies, putting the blame upon the nation that is attacked, and every man will be glad of those conscience-soothing falsities, and will diligently study them, and refuse to examine any refutations of them; and thus he will by and by convince himself that the war is just, and will thank God for the better sleep he enjoys after this process of grotesque self-deception."
  • "For your race, in its poverty, has unquestionably one really effective weapon - laughter...Against the assault of laughter nothing can stand. You are always fussing and fighting with your other weapons. Do you ever use that one? No; you leave it lying rusting. As a race, do you ever use it at all? No; you lack sense and the courage."
  • "Life itself is only a vision, a dream."
  • "Nothing exists; all is a dream. God - man - the world - the sun, the moon, the wilderness of stars - a dream, all a dream; they have no existence. Nothing exists save empty space - and you!"
  • "Strange, indeed, that you should not have suspected that your universe and its contents were only dreams, visions, fiction! Strange, because they are so frankly and hysterically insane - like all dreams: a God who could make good children as easily as bad, yet preferred to make bad ones; who could have made every one of them happy, yet never made a single happy one; who made them prize their bitter life, yet stingily cut it short; who gave his angels eternal happiness unearned, yet required his other children to earn it; who gave his angels painless lives, yet cursed his other children with biting miseries and maladies of mind and body; who mouths justice and invented hell - mouths mercy and invented hell - mouths Golden Rules, and forgiveness multiplied by seventy times seven, and invented hell; who mouths morals to other people and has none himself; who frowns upon crimes, yet commits them all; who created man without invitation, then tries to shuffle the responsibility for man's acts upon man, instead of honorably placing it where it belongs, upon himself; and finally, with altogether divine obtuseness, invites this poor, abused slave to worship him!"
  • "It is true, that which I have revealed to you; there is no God, no universe, no human race, no earthly life, no heaven, no hell. It is all a dream - a grotesque and foolish dream. Nothing exists but you. And you are but a thought - a vagrant thought, a useless thought, a homeless thought, wandering forlorn among the empty eternities!"

Sources

External links

Wikipedia
Wikipedia has an article about:
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Look up Satan in Wiktionary, the free dictionary

Wiktionary

Up to date as of January 14, 2010

Definition from Wiktionary, a free dictionary

Contents

English

Wikipedia-logo.png
Wikipedia has an article on:

Etymology

.Old English Satan < Latin Satān < Ancient Greek Σατάν < Hebrew שָׂטָן (Śāṭān) ‘adversary, accuser’.^ Maybe the most intriguing detail here is that the word adversary is, in Hebrew, satan , which means generally "adversary, enemy, foe."
  • Satan (Forerunner Commentary) :: Bible Tools 17 January 2010 6:45 UTC bibletools.org [Source type: Original source]

Pronunciation

Proper noun

Singular
Satan
Plural
-
Satan
  1. The Devil.

Translations

the Devil

See also

Anagrams

German

Wikipedia-logo.png
German Wikipedia has an article on:
Satan
Wikipedia de

Noun

Satan m. (genitive Satans, no plural)
  1. Satan

Synonyms

Swedish

Proper noun

Satan
  1. The devil.

See also


Wikispecies

Up to date as of January 23, 2010

From Wikispecies

Taxonavigation

Main Page
Cladus: Eukaryota
Supergroup: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Cladus: Deuterostomia
Phylum: Chordata
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Infraphylum: Gnathostomata
Superclassis: Osteichthyes
Classis: Actinopterygii
Subclassis: Neopterygii
Infraclassis: Teleostei
Superordo: Ostariophysi
Ordo: Siluriformes
Familia: Ictaluridae
Genus: Satan
Species: S. eurystomus

Name

Satan Hubbs & Bailey, 1947

Bible wiki

Up to date as of January 23, 2010

From BibleWiki

Meaning: adversary; accuser.
.When used as a proper name, the Hebrew word so rendered has the article "the adversary" (Job 1:6ff; Job 2:1).^ Maybe the most intriguing detail here is that the word adversary is, in Hebrew, satan , which means generally "adversary, enemy, foe."
  • Satan (Forerunner Commentary) :: Bible Tools 17 January 2010 6:45 UTC bibletools.org [Source type: Original source]

 .In the New Testament it is used as interchangeable with Diabolos, or the devil, and is so used more than thirty times.^ In the Bible, especially in the New Testament, persecution is so pervasive that it is presented as a more or less expected terror.
  • Satan (Forerunner Commentary) :: Bible Tools 17 January 2010 6:45 UTC bibletools.org [Source type: Original source]
.He is also called "the dragon," "the old serpent" (Rev 12:9; Rev 20:2); "the prince of this world" (Jn 12:31; Jn 14:30); "the prince of the power of the air" (Eph 2:2); "the god of this world" (2Cor 4:4); "the spirit that now worketh in the children of disobedience" (Eph 2:2).^ Isaiah 14:12-15 ( Go to this verse :: Verse pop-up ) Satan is the archetype of the self-exalted being, beginning with his attempt to usurp God's throne.
  • Satan (Forerunner Commentary) :: Bible Tools 17 January 2010 6:45 UTC bibletools.org [Source type: Original source]

 ^ Jesus calls him the father of lies ( John 8:44 ), and Revelation 12:9 says he "deceives the whole world."
  • Satan (Forerunner Commentary) :: Bible Tools 17 January 2010 6:45 UTC bibletools.org [Source type: Original source]

 ^ Ephesians 2:2 ( Go to this verse :: Verse pop-up ) There is a direct connection between the prince of the power of the air—Satan—and this world .
  • Satan (Forerunner Commentary) :: Bible Tools 17 January 2010 6:45 UTC bibletools.org [Source type: Original source]
The distinct personality of Satan and his activity among men are thus obviously recognized. He tempted Jesus in the wilderness (Mt 4:1ff). He is "Beelzebub, the prince of the devils" (Mt 12:24). .He is "the constant enemy of God, of Christ, of the divine kingdom, of the followers of Christ, and of all truth; full of falsehood and all malice, and exciting and seducing to evil in every possible way."^ Follow Page Mill all the way to the El Camino.

 ^ He ignored the reality that he was the creation of God, and that God was thus superior to His creation in every way.
  • Satan (Forerunner Commentary) :: Bible Tools 17 January 2010 6:45 UTC bibletools.org [Source type: Original source]

 ^ All the ways of this world—which seem to be so right carnally—are really nothing but behaviors founded upon deceptions, distortions, and falsehoods.
  • Satan (Forerunner Commentary) :: Bible Tools 17 January 2010 6:45 UTC bibletools.org [Source type: Original source]

 .His power is very great in the world.^ His present power will be greatly magnified very shortly when he is cast down to earth to begin the Great Tribulation.
  • Satan (Forerunner Commentary) :: Bible Tools 17 January 2010 6:45 UTC bibletools.org [Source type: Original source]

 .He is a "roaring lion, seeking whom he may devour" (1 Pet 5:8).^ Satan , the father of Babylon and its ways, "walks about like a roaring lion, seeking whom he may devour" ( I Peter 5:8 ).
  • Satan (Forerunner Commentary) :: Bible Tools 17 January 2010 6:45 UTC bibletools.org [Source type: Original source]

 ^ Peter 5:8 ( Go to this verse :: Verse pop-up ) Christ is also symbolized as a lion, but not as a lion seeking to devour.
  • Satan (Forerunner Commentary) :: Bible Tools 17 January 2010 6:45 UTC bibletools.org [Source type: Original source]

 ^ Certainly, as our Adversary, he "walks about like a roaring lion, seeking whom he may devour" ( I Peter 5:8 ), but unlike God, he is not omniscient.
  • Satan (Forerunner Commentary) :: Bible Tools 17 January 2010 6:45 UTC bibletools.org [Source type: Original source]

 Men are said to be "taken captive by him" (2 Tim 2:26). .Christians are warned against his "devices" (2Cor 2:11), and called on to "resist" him (Jam 4:7).^ "Stand against" is yet another way of saying "resist him."
  • Satan (Forerunner Commentary) :: Bible Tools 17 January 2010 6:45 UTC bibletools.org [Source type: Original source]

 .Christ redeems his people from "him that had the power of death, that is, the devil" (Heb 2:14).^ Satan's influence is so powerful he can influence millions of people to follow him seemingly overnight.
  • Satan (Forerunner Commentary) :: Bible Tools 17 January 2010 6:45 UTC bibletools.org [Source type: Original source]

 ^ But here were the people of Jesus' time trying to put Him to death.
  • Satan (Forerunner Commentary) :: Bible Tools 17 January 2010 6:45 UTC bibletools.org [Source type: Original source]

 .Satan has the "power of death," not as lord, but simply as executioner.^ Peter had the powerful Satan whispering words of fear into his mind: fear for Jesus, fear of persecution , fear of his own death.
  • Satan (Forerunner Commentary) :: Bible Tools 17 January 2010 6:45 UTC bibletools.org [Source type: Original source]
This entry includes text from Easton's Bible Dictionary, 1897.
what mentions this? (please help by turning references to this page into wiki links)

Contents

In the Bible.

.Term used in the Bible with the general connotation of "adversary," being applied (1) to an enemy in war (1 Kg 5:18 [A. V. 4]; 1 Kg 11:14ff), from which use is developed the concept of a traitor in battle (1Sam 21:4); (2) to an accuser before the judgment-seat (Ps 1096); and (3) to any opponent (2 Sam 19:22).^ His pride led him to go to war against God, a battle he soundly lost ( Luke 10:18 ).
  • Satan (Forerunner Commentary) :: Bible Tools 17 January 2010 6:45 UTC bibletools.org [Source type: Original source]

 ^ The church, however, is also the body of Jesus Christ ( Ephesians 1:22-23 ), that group of people in whom Christ is being formed ( Galatians 4:19 ).
  • Satan (Forerunner Commentary) :: Bible Tools 17 January 2010 6:45 UTC bibletools.org [Source type: Original source]

 ^ Maybe the most intriguing detail here is that the word adversary is, in Hebrew, satan , which means generally "adversary, enemy, foe."
  • Satan (Forerunner Commentary) :: Bible Tools 17 January 2010 6:45 UTC bibletools.org [Source type: Original source]

 .The word is likewise used to denote an antagonist who puts obstacles in the way, as in Num 22:32, where the angel of God is described as opposing Balaam in the guise of a satan or adversary; so that the concept of Satan as a distinct being was not then known.^ Isaiah 14:12-15 ( Go to this verse :: Verse pop-up ) Satan is the archetype of the self-exalted being, beginning with his attempt to usurp God's throne.
  • Satan (Forerunner Commentary) :: Bible Tools 17 January 2010 6:45 UTC bibletools.org [Source type: Original source]

 ^ In other words, if a person does that, he has actually made himself subject to Satan because Satan is the god of this world!
  • Satan (Forerunner Commentary) :: Bible Tools 17 January 2010 6:45 UTC bibletools.org [Source type: Original source]

 ^ But Satan knows this too and believes that, if he can undermine the trustworthiness of God and the validity of His Word, he can destroy the faith necessary for salvation .
  • Satan (Forerunner Commentary) :: Bible Tools 17 January 2010 6:45 UTC bibletools.org [Source type: Original source]

 .Such a view is found, however, in the prologue to the Book of Job, where Satan appears, together with other celestial beings or "sons of God," before the Deity, replying to the inquiry of God as to whence he had come, with the words: "From going to and fro in the earth, and from walking up and down in it" (Job 1:7).^ At every turn, faith founded in God's Word is being undermined.
  • Satan (Forerunner Commentary) :: Bible Tools 17 January 2010 6:45 UTC bibletools.org [Source type: Original source]

 ^ When he came before God, it was some other place than the earth.
  • Satan (Forerunner Commentary) :: Bible Tools 17 January 2010 6:45 UTC bibletools.org [Source type: Original source]

 ^ Isaiah 14:12-15 ( Go to this verse :: Verse pop-up ) Satan is the archetype of the self-exalted being, beginning with his attempt to usurp God's throne.
  • Satan (Forerunner Commentary) :: Bible Tools 17 January 2010 6:45 UTC bibletools.org [Source type: Original source]

 .Both question and answer, as well as the dialogue which follows, characterize Satan as that member of the divine council who watches over human activity, but with the evil purpose of searching out men's sins and appearing as their accuser.^ Before the man of sin appears, Satan must lay some groundwork to prepare for his acceptance.
  • Satan (Forerunner Commentary) :: Bible Tools 17 January 2010 6:45 UTC bibletools.org [Source type: Original source]

 ^ Both squads played exceptionally well, especially the newcomers, who had not played in the small field format before.

 .He is, therefore, the celestial prosecutor, who sees only iniquity; for he persists in his evil opinion of Job even after the man of Uz has passed successfully through his first trial by surrendering to the will of God, whereupon Satan demands another test through physical suffering (Job 2:3ff).^ They trusted what they "saw" rather than believing what God said—His words—and became the first example of man choosing to walk by sight rather than by faith.
  • Satan (Forerunner Commentary) :: Bible Tools 17 January 2010 6:45 UTC bibletools.org [Source type: Original source]

 ^ Courtney delivered in the first few minutes of the game dropping a perfect pass to Marlene, who put a shot just wide of the left post.

 ^ Satan persuaded them to focus on what they could see rather than what God said.
  • Satan (Forerunner Commentary) :: Bible Tools 17 January 2010 6:45 UTC bibletools.org [Source type: Original source]
.Yet it is also evident from the prologue that Satan has no power of independent action, but requires the permission of God, which he may not transgress.He can not be regarded, therefore, as an opponent of the Deity; and the doctrine of monotheism is disturbed by his existence no more than by the presence of other beings before the face of God.^ They are not yet lost because our God is more powerful than Satan, and He can save from the uttermost.
  • Satan (Forerunner Commentary) :: Bible Tools 17 January 2010 6:45 UTC bibletools.org [Source type: Original source]

 ^ When he came before God, it was some other place than the earth.
  • Satan (Forerunner Commentary) :: Bible Tools 17 January 2010 6:45 UTC bibletools.org [Source type: Original source]

 ^ Revelation 20:1-3 ( Go to this verse :: Verse pop-up ) Like everybody else, Satan has only the power God created in him and the latitude to use it only as He permits and no more.
  • Satan (Forerunner Commentary) :: Bible Tools 17 January 2010 6:45 UTC bibletools.org [Source type: Original source]

 .This view is also retained in Zech 3:1f, where Satan is described as the adversary of the high priest Joshua, and of the people of God whose representative the hierarch is; and he there opposes the "angel of the Lord," who bids him be silent in the name of God.^ The true church of God will have that truth, and they will understand that, yes, Satan is, he is powerful, but because of God, they do have power over him in that they can reject him and his deceptions.
  • Satan (Forerunner Commentary) :: Bible Tools 17 January 2010 6:45 UTC bibletools.org [Source type: Original source]

 ^ Ezekiel calls him "the anointed cherub who covers," which means he was one of the chief angels whose wings covered God's throne in heaven.
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 ^ Satan's pride led him into war with God ( Isaiah 14:12-14 ).
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.In both of these passages Satan is a mere accuser who acts only according to the permission of the Deity; but in 1Chr 21:1 he appears as one who is able to provoke David to destroy Israel.^ The consequences of Korah's "taking action" are clear: God destroyed all these who rose up against Moses and Aaron—against Him.
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 ^ Acts 5:1-5 ( Go to this verse :: Verse pop-up ) These two church members apparently did not take Satan into consideration.
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 ^ To describe this enemy, Jesus uses the word diabolos : the accuser, deceiver, liar, and betrayer, one who is against all that is true and righteous.
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 .The Chronicler (third century B.C.) regards Satan as an independent agent, a view which is the more striking since the source whence he drew his account (2 Sam 24:1) speaks of God Himself as the one who moved David against the children of Israel.^ Romans 3:11 ( Go to this verse :: Verse pop-up ) Paul, quoting David, writes, "There is none who seeks after God."
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 ^ In other words, if a person does that, he has actually made himself subject to Satan because Satan is the god of this world!
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 ^ They tend to shy away from Bible study, concluding that they do not need it since God speaks directly to them, and if there is anything important, God will let them know.
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 .Since the older conception refers all events, whether good or bad, to God alone (1Sam 16:14; 1 Kg 22:22; Isa 45:7; etc.^ Romans 8:14-16 ( Go to this verse :: Verse pop-up ) A Christian is one who has the Spirit of God .
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 ^ Jesus refers to Satan as the "ruler of this world " ( John 12:31 ; 14:30 ; 16:11 ).
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 ^ A core issue of the Bible is whether we submit to God's governance or try to form a government based on our own perception of what is good or what works.
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 ), it is possible that the Chronicler, and perhaps even Zechariah, were influenced by Zoroastrianism, even though in the case of the prophet Jewish monism strongly opposed Iranian dualism (Stave, "Einfluss des Parsismus auf das Judenthum," pp. 253 et seq.). An immediate influence of the Babylonian concept of the "accuser, persecutor, and oppressor" (Schrader, "K. A. T." 3d ed., p. 463) is impossible, since traces of such an influence, if it had existed, would have appeared in the earlier portions of the Bible.

In the Apocrypha.

The evolution of the theory of Satan keeps pace with the development of Jewish angelology and demonology. .In Wis 2:24 he is represented, with reference to Genesis Chapter 3, as the author of all evil, who brought death into the world; he is apparently mentioned also in Sir 21:27, and the fact that his name does not occur in Daniel is doubtless due merely to chance.^ The defense was led by Jess Jess, who stepped into every attempt that came her way, clearing away any would be scoring chances y the Wolverines.

 ^ The "lawless one" will be so slick that "all who dwell on the earth will worship him, whose names have not been written in the Book of Life of the Lamb slain from the foundation of the world " ( Revelation 13:8 ).
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 ^ He has a number of names, but in each case, he is the king of all the demons, Lucifer, who became Satan.
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 .Satan was the seducer and the paramour of Eve, and was hurled from heaven together with other angels because of his iniquity (Slavonic Book of Enoch, xxix.^ In other words, if a person does that, he has actually made himself subject to Satan because Satan is the god of this world!
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 ^ If not checked, it becomes a plague of discontent that soon infects others, as Satan's ingratitude spread to other angels.
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 ^ We have insight here into a major battle that took place in heaven, one that Satan and his angels lost, and they were cast to the earth.
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 4 et seq.). Since that time he has been called "Satan," although previously he had been termed "Satanel" (ib. xxxi. 3 et seq.). The doctrine of the fall of Satan, as well as of the fall of the angels, is found also in Babylonia (Schrader, l.c. p. 464), and is mentioned several times in the New Testament. Satan rules over an entire host of angels (Martyrdom of Isaiah, ii. 2; Vita Adæ et Evæ, xvi.).
.Mastema, who induced God to test Abraham through the sacrifice of Isaac, is identical with Satan in both name and nature (Jub 1718), and the Asmodeus of the Book of Tobit is likewise to be identified with him, especially in view of his licentiousness.^ Ezekiel calls him "the anointed cherub who covers," which means he was one of the chief angels whose wings covered God's throne in heaven.
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 ^ Numbers 16:3 ( Go to this verse :: Verse pop-up ) This is an example of a person who is dissatisfied with what he has and stirs up others because of his ingratitude for what God had given him already.
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 ^ It is not the spirit of God , but a demon speaking through a human being, inspiring and motivating him.
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 As the lord of satans he not infrequently bears the special name Samael. It is difficult to identify Satan in any other passages of the Apocrypha, since the originals in which his name occurred have been lost, and the translations employ various equivalents. .An "argumentum a silentio" can not, therefore, be adduced as proof that concepts of Satan were not wide-spread; but it must rather be assumed that reference to him and his realm is implied in the mention of evil spirits of every sort (comp.^ However, Micaiah, a true prophet of God, tells him that God had allowed an evil spirit to put lies into the mouths of Ahab's prophets.
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 Demonology, and Kautzsch, "Apokryphen," Index).

In the New Testament.

The high development of the demonology of the New Testament presupposes a long period of evolution. .In the Gospels the beliefs of the lower orders of society find expression, and Satan and his kingdom are regarded as encompassing the entire world, and are factors in all the events of daily life.^ We all must overcome the world ( I John 5:4 ), our nature, and Satan to be granted salvation , and if we do, entrance to God's Kingdom is an absolute promise!
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 ^ In His prophecies regarding those things that will happen close to the second coming of Jesus Christ , God clearly describes how He permits Satan to influence the nations of the world in order to fulfill His end-time prophecies.
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 ^ The Bereans "received the word with all readiness, and searched the Scriptures daily to find out whether these things were so" (Acts 17:10-11).
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 .In strict accordance with his manifold activity he bears many names, being called "Satan" (Mt 4:10; Mk 1:30, Mk 4:15}; Lk 10:18 et passim), "devil" (Mt 4:1 et passim), "adversary" (1 Pet 5:8, ἀντίδικος; 1 Tim 5:14, ἀντικείμενος), "enemy" (Mt 13:39), "accuser" (Rev 12:10), "old serpent" (Rev 20:2), "great dragon" (Rev 12:9), Beelzebub (Mt 10:25, Mt 12:24, et passim), and Belial (comp.^ Matthew 13:24-25 ( Go to this verse :: Verse pop-up ) Jesus illustrates two sowers of different character.
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 ^ Lifted up in their pride , he and his demons had the gall to hunt God's throne, but they were soundly routed ( Isaiah 14:12-15 ; Ezekiel 28:16-17 ; Luke 10:18 ).
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 ^ The other sower is called "his enemy," "an enemy," "the wicked one," and "the devil" (verses 25, 28, 38-39).
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 Samael). .The fall of Satan is mentioned in Lk 10:18, Jn 12:31, 2Cor 6:16, and Rev 12:9.^ Lifted up in their pride , he and his demons had the gall to hunt God's throne, but they were soundly routed ( Isaiah 14:12-15 ; Ezekiel 28:16-17 ; Luke 10:18 ).
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 ^ Jesus refers to Satan as the "ruler of this world " ( John 12:31 ; 14:30 ; 16:11 ).
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 .He is the author of all evil (Lk 10:19 et passim; Acts 5:3; 2Cor 11:3; Eph 2:2), who beguiled Eve (2Cor 11:3; Rev 12:9), and who brought death into the world (Heb 2:13), being ever the tempter (1Cor 7:5; 1Thess 3:5; 1 Pet 5:8), even as he tempted Jesus (Matt.^ Peter had the powerful Satan whispering words of fear into his mind: fear for Jesus, fear of persecution , fear of his own death.
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^ However, he and his demons have constructed attitudes, institutions, systems, and entertainments into the course of this world , which they effectively use against us, even when they are absent from the scene.
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 ^ The "lawless one" will be so slick that "all who dwell on the earth will worship him, whose names have not been written in the Book of Life of the Lamb slain from the foundation of the world " ( Revelation 13:8 ).
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 4). The belief in the devil as here developed dominated subsequent periods, and influenced indirectly the Jews themselves; nor has it been entirely discarded to-day.
Satan and his host are mentioned comparatively seldom in the Talmud and Midrash, although the material on this subject is not without importance. In the older or tannaitic literature the name of Satan is met with but rarely. Thus in Ab. iv. .11 sin itself, and not Satan, is the accuser, the term κατήγωρ becoming a standing epithet of Satan in the New Testament, and being applied to him by the later Talmudic teachers also.^ Matthew 4:10-11 clearly illustrates the extent he is under God's authority: "Then Jesus said to him, 'Away with you, Satan!
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 ^ What is in the New Testament is built upon what God has already shown in the Old Testament—that Satan's modus operandi will be carried through from one covenant to the other.
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 ^ The third term, "resist him," is a command not to turn and run but to stand firm.
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 In Tosef., Shab. xvii. (xviii.) 3 it is stated that the angels of Satan accompany the blasphemer on his way, according to Ps 1156, while a comparison of Gen. R. xxxviii. 7 with Sifre, Num 25:1 shows how reference to Satan was introduced by the Amoraim into tannaitic sayings (Bacher, "Ag. Pal. Amor." ii. 254); and in like manner "Satan" is substituted for "angel" in Ned. 32a.

In Talmud and Midrash.

The Angelology of the Talmud, moreover, proves that, according to the older view (until about 200 C.E.), punishment was inflicted by angels and not by Satan. In the course of time, however, official Judaism, beginning perhaps with Johanan (d. 279), absorbed the popular concepts of Satan, which doubtless forced their way gradually from the lower classes to the most cultured. The later a midrashic collection the more frequent is the mention therein of Satan and his hosts. The Palestinian Talmud, completed about 400, is more reticent in this regard; and this is the more noteworthy since its provenience is the same as that of the New Testament. .Samael, the lord of the satans, was a mighty prince of angels in heaven (Gen.^ We have insight here into a major battle that took place in heaven, one that Satan and his angels lost, and they were cast to the earth.
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 R. xix.). Satan came into the world with woman, i.e., with Eve (Yalḳ., Gen. i. 23); so that he was created and is not eternal. Like all celestial beings, he flies through the air (Gen. R. xix.), and can assumeany form, as of a bird (Sanh. 107a), a stag (ib. 95a), a woman (Ḳid. 81a), a beggar (ib.), or a young man (Tan., Wayera, end); he is said to skip (Pes. 112b; Meg. 11b), in allusion to his appearance in the form of a goat (comp. the goat-demons of the .Bible), and it was as such that he was addressed with the words "an arrow between thine eyes" by one who wished to express contempt for him (Ḳid.^ Ezekiel calls him "the anointed cherub who covers," which means he was one of the chief angels whose wings covered God's throne in heaven.
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 ^ Abraham had God as his spiritual Father, and Abraham did not attempt to kill the One who became Christ—in fact, He was hospitable to Him and honored Him.
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 ^ To describe this enemy, Jesus uses the word diabolos : the accuser, deceiver, liar, and betrayer, one who is against all that is true and righteous.
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 30a, 81a, et passim).
.He is the incarnation of all evil, and his thoughts and activities are devoted to the destruction of man; so that Satan, the impulse to evil ("yeẓer ha-ra'"), and the angel of death are one and the same personality.^ We have insight here into a major battle that took place in heaven, one that Satan and his angels lost, and they were cast to the earth.
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 ^ Satan, up to his old tricks, knew that one of history's most pivotal days was approaching and what the glorious outcome of Jesus' suffering and death would be.
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 ^ All we have to do to add to the list is to think of those attitudes that drove Satan to persuade one-third of the angels , organize them, and then lead them into war against God, and we will discover the elements of that spirit emanating from the Beast and marking men.
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 He descends from heaven and leads astray, then ascends and brings accusations against mankind. Receiving the divine commission, he takes away the soul, or, in other words, he slays (B. B. 16a). .He seizes upon even a single word which may be prejudicial to man; so that "one should not open his mouth unto evil," i.e., "unto Satan" (Ber.^ One of a Christian's primary defenses against Satan , of course, has to be a prior awareness of his modus operandi —particularly his desire to turn good into evil.
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 19a). In times of danger likewise he brings his accusations (Yer. Shab. 5b et passim). While he has power over all the works of man (Ber. 46b), he can not prevail at the same time against two individuals of different nationality; so that Samuel, a noted astronomer and teacher of the Law (d. at Nehardea 247), would start on a journey only when a Gentile traveled with him (Shab. 32a).
Satan's knowledge is circumscribed; for when the shofar is blown on New-Year's Day he is "confounded" (R. H. 16b; Yer. Targ. to Num. x. 10). On the Day of Atonement his power vanishes; for the numerical value of the letters of his name ( (image) ) is only 364, one day being thus exempt from his influence (Yoma 20a). Moses banished him by means of the Divine Name (Grünhut, "Sefer ha-Liḳḳuṭim," v. 169). .If Satan does not attain his purpose, as was the case in his temptation of Job, he feels great sorrow (B. B. 16a); and it was a terrible blow to him, as the representative of moral evil, that the Torah, the incarnation of moral good, should be given to Israel.^ Given the league victory, the team should receive an invitation, as has been the case for most Class 3 league winners in the past.

 ^ Ezekiel 28:15-17 ( Go to this verse :: Verse pop-up ) God had created Lucifer a perfect spirit being, but He also gave him free moral agency, that is, the ability to choose to follow good or evil.
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 ^ Satan proposes that mankind should be like God in taking to himself the knowledge—the definition—of what is right and wrong, asserting that this is a good thing!
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 He endeavored to overthrow it, and finally led the people to make the golden calf (Shab. 89a; Yer. Targ. to Ex. xxxii. 1), while the two tables of the Law were bestowed on Moses of necessity without Satan's knowledge (Sanh. 26b).

His Functions.

The chief functions of Satan are, as already noted, those of temptation, accusation, and punishment. He was an active agent in the fall of man (Pirḳe R. El. xiii., beginning), and was the father of Cain (ib. xxi.), while he was also instrumental in the offering of Isaac (Tan., Wayera, 22 [ed. Stettin, p. 39a]), in the release of the animal destined by Esau for his father (Tan., Toledot, 11), in the theophany at Sinai, in the death of Moses (Deut. R. xiii. 9), in David's sin with Bath-sheba (Sanh. 95a), and in the death of Queen Vashti (Meg. 11a). The decree to destroy all the Jews, which Haman obtained, was written on parchment brought by Satan (Esther R. iii. 9). When Alexander the Great reproached the Jewish sages with their rebellion, they made the plea that Satan had been too mighty for them (Tamid 32a). He appeared as a tempter to Akiba and Mattithiah b. Ḥeresh (Ḳid. 81a; Midr. Abkir, ed. Buber, p. 11). He sowed discord between two men, and when Meïr reconciled them, he departed, crying, "Alas, Meïr has driven me from home!" (Giṭ. 52a; comp. 'Er. 26a)—i.e., Satan is the angel of strife (see also Yoma 67b; Shab. 104a; Yeb. 16a). .If any one brings a beautiful captive home, he brings Satan into his house, and his son will be destroyed (Sifre, Deut.^ We have insight here into a major battle that took place in heaven, one that Satan and his angels lost, and they were cast to the earth.
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 ^ Jesus calls them "sons of the wicked one" ( Matthew 13:38 ), and being tares, they will be destroyed.
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 ^ One of a Christian's primary defenses against Satan , of course, has to be a prior awareness of his modus operandi —particularly his desire to turn good into evil.
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 218); for Satan kindles the evil impulse ("yeẓer ha-ra'") to impurity (Ex. R. xx.). .Where one makes his home Satan leaps about; where merriment rules, or wheresoever there is eating or drinking, he brings his accusations (Gen.^ Satan and his demons will be cast down to the earth and will bring about great persecution on the church of God .
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 ^ Sin brings death, and that is Satan's aim—to bring about death.
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 R. xxxviii. 7); and when there is a chance that prosperity may be enjoyed in this world or in the next he likewise rises up as an accuser. Even Jacob was forced to prove to Satan that he had borne much suffering in this world (Gen. R. lxxxiv., in Weber, "System der Altsynagogalen Palästinischen Theologie," p. .323); and when Satan reveals the sins of Israel to God others plead the alms which Israel has given (Ex.^ In other words, if a person does that, he has actually made himself subject to Satan because Satan is the god of this world!
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 ^ On the other hand, if we use the English meaning of "destroy," God will destroy what Satan produces.
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 ^ Numbers 16:3 ( Go to this verse :: Verse pop-up ) This is an example of a person who is dissatisfied with what he has and stirs up others because of his ingratitude for what God had given him already.
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 R. xxxi.). In the hour of birth, and thus in the hour of peril, he brings his accusation against the mother (Eccl. R. iii. 2). The serpent of Gen. iii. is identified with Satan (see Weber, l.c. pp. 218 et seq.; comp. Adam; Eve; Serpent).
As the incarnation of evil Satan is the arch-enemy of the Messiah: he is Antichrist. .The light which was created before the world was hidden by God beneath His throne; and to the question of Satan in regard to it God answered, "This light is kept for him who shall bring thee to shame."^ We all must overcome the world ( I John 5:4 ), our nature, and Satan to be granted salvation , and if we do, entrance to God's Kingdom is an absolute promise!
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 ^ Revelation 20:1-3 ( Go to this verse :: Verse pop-up ) Like everybody else, Satan has only the power God created in him and the latitude to use it only as He permits and no more.
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 ^ Isaiah 14:12-15 ( Go to this verse :: Verse pop-up ) Satan is the archetype of the self-exalted being, beginning with his attempt to usurp God's throne.
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 .At his request God showed Satan the Messiah; "and when he saw him he trembled, fell upon his face, and cried: 'Verily this is the Messiah who shall hurl me and all the princes of the angels of the peoples down even unto hell'" (Pesiḳ.^ "The L ORD is near to all who call upon him, .
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 ^ He will even claim to be God, and Satan will enable him to work miracles .
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 ^ Satan motivated Adam and Eve, and subsequently all the rest of mankind, to separate themselves from God.
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 R. iii. 6 [ed. Friedmann, p. 161b]; further details are given in Bousset, "Der Antichrist").

In the Cabala.

.While the Pirḳe R. Eli'ezer, and the mystic midrashim edited by Jellinek in his "Bet ha-Midrash," belong historically to the post-Talmudic period, they do not fall under this category so far as their content is concerned.^ After winning the Medina Fall Classic the week prior, Coach Brad and Coach Mike were forced to make due on a bet they made with the girls prior to the tournament.

 Here belong, strictly speaking, only the Zohar and other esoteric works comprised under the name "Cabala." The basal elements remain the same; but under the influence of medieval demonology a wider scope is ascribed to the activity of Satan and his host, daily life falling within the range of his power. The miscreants of the Bible, such as Amalek, Goliath, and Haman, are identified with him; and his hosts receive new names, among them "Ḳelippa" (husk, rind, peeling, scale). Antichristian polemics also complicate the problem (see the rich collection of material in Eisenmenger, "Entdecktes Judenthum," i. 812 et seq.).
Satan was mentioned in the liturgy at an early period, as in the daily morning prayer and in the Blessing of the New Moon; and his name has naturally occurred in amulets and incantations down to the present day. Terms and phrases referring to Satan which are met with in Judæo-German must be regarded as reminiscences of the ancient popular belief in him.

Bibliography

  • Davidson, Theology of the Old Testament, pp. .300-355, Edinburgh, 1904;
  • Faivre, La Personalité du Satan d'Après la Bible, Montauban, 1900;
  • Hennecke, NeutestamentlicheApokryphen, Tübingen, 1904;
  • Köberle, Sünde und Gnade, Munich, 1902;
  • Herzog-Plitt, Real-Encyc. xv.^ But the Bible reveals the reality of Satan as the source.
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     358-362 (and the bibliography there given);
  • Schrader, K. A. T. 3d ed., pp. 463 et seq.
This entry includes text from the Jewish Encyclopedia, 1906.

Simple English

File:Francisco de Goya y Lucientes
Devil with Lamp is a painting by Francisco de Goya

Satan, in the Christian religion, is a former angel that left God and took many other angels with him. He did this because he wanted to be better than God. According to the Bible, he will be punished in eternal Hell fire, along with all those who join to him. He is sometimes called the devil or Beelzebub. Christians believe he tempts people to do bad things. Some also call him Lucifer, but this name is from Roman belief, not the Bible. Satan may be referred to as "The Devil".

Originally the name means the accuser, the enemy. In abrahamitic faiths (Judaism, Christianity, Islam) his role is to question and tempt the faith of humans. Many times, he is also seen as a demon.


Retrieved from "http://yak.rapint.com/wiki/Satan"

Citable sentences

Up to date as of December 18, 2010

Here are sentences from other pages on Devil, which are similar to those in the above article.








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