From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

September 14 is the 257th day of the year (258th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 108 days remaining until the end of the year.

Events

• 81 – Domitian becomes Emperor of the Roman Empire upon the death of his brother Titus.
• 786 – Harun al-Rashid becomes the Abbasid caliph upon the death of his brother al-Hadi.
• 1180 – Battle of Ishibashiyama in Japan.
• 1607 – Flight of the Earls from Lough Swilly, Donegal, Ireland.
• 1682 – Bishop Gore School, one of the oldest schools in Wales, is founded.
• 1752 – The British Empire adopts the Gregorian calendar, skipping eleven days (the previous day was September 2).
• 1812 – Napoleonic Wars: French grenadiers enter Moscow. The Fire of Moscow begins as soon as Russian troops leave the city.
• 1814 – The poem Defence of Fort McHenry is written by Francis Scott Key. The poem is later used as the lyrics of The Star-Spangled Banner.
• 1829 – The Ottoman Empire signs the Treaty of Adrianople with Russia, thus ending the Russo-Turkish War.
• 1847 – Mexican-American War: Winfield Scott captures Mexico City.
• 1862 – American Civil War: The Battle of South Mountain, part of the Maryland Campaign, is fought.
• 1901 – President of the United States William McKinley dies after an assassination attempt on September 6, and is succeeded by Theodore Roosevelt.
• 1917 – Russia is officially proclaimed a republic.
• 1923 – Miguel Primo de Rivera becomes dictator of Spain.
• 1944 – World War II: Maastricht becomes the first Dutch city to be liberated by allied forces.
• 1948 – Groundbreaking for the United Nations headquarters in New York City.
• 1958 – The first two German post-war rockets, designed by the German engineer Ernst Mohr, reach the upper atmosphere.
• 1959 – The Soviet probe Luna 2 crashes onto the Moon, becoming the first man-made object to reach it.
• 1960 – The Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) is founded.
• 1975 – The first American saint, Elizabeth Ann Seton, is canonized by Pope Paul VI.
• 1982 – President-elect of Lebanon, Bachir Gemayel, is assassinated.
• 1984 – Joe Kittinger becomes the first person to fly a hot air balloon alone across the Atlantic Ocean.
• 1987 – The Toronto Blue Jays set a record for the most home runs in a single game, belting 10 of them.
• 1994 – The Major League Baseball season is canceled because of a strike.
• 1995 – Body Worlds opens in Tokyo, Japan
• 1998 – Telecommunications companies MCI Communications and WorldCom complete their $37 billion merger to form MCI WorldCom.
• 1999 – Kiribati, Nauru and Tonga join the United Nations.
• 2001 – Historic National Prayer Service held at Washington National Cathedral for victims of the September 11 attacks. A similar service is held in Canada on Parliament Hill, the largest vigil ever held in the nation's capital.
• 2003 – In a referendum, Estonia approves joining the European Union.

Births

• 1169 – Alexios II Komnenos, Byzantine emperor (d. 1183)
• 1388 – Claudius Clavus, Danish geographer
• 1486 – Heinrich Cornelius Agrippa, German alchemist (d. 1535)
• 1543 – Claudio Aquaviva, Italian Jesuit (d. 1615)
• 1547 – Johan van Oldenbarnevelt, Dutch statesman (d. 1619)
• 1580 – Francisco de Quevedo, Spanish writer (d. 1645)
• 1656 – Thomas Baker, British antiquarian (d. 1746)
• 1713 – Johann Kies, German mathematician (d. 1781)
• 1721 – Eliphalet Dyer, American statesman and judge (d. 1807)
• 1737 – Michael Haydn, Austrian composer (d. 1806)
• 1760 – Luigi Cherubini, Italian composer (d. 1842)
• 1769 – Alexander von Humboldt, German naturalist and explorer (d. 1859)
• 1804 – John Gould, British ornithologist (d. 1881)
• 1804 – Louis Desiré Maigret, French Catholic prelate (d. 1882)
• 1837 – Nikolai Bugaev, Russian mathematician (d. 1903)
• 1849 – Ivan Pavlov, Russian scientist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (d. 1936)
• 1850 – Anton Mahnič, Slovenian Roman Catholic bishop, author and theologian (d. 1920)
• 1860 – Hamlin Garland, American writer (d. 1940)
• 1864 – Robert Cecil, 1st Viscount Cecil of Chelwood, British diplomat, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (d. 1958)
• 1867 – Charles Dana Gibson, American artist (d. 1944)
• 1869 – Kid Nichols, American baseball player (d. 1953)
• 1879 – Margaret Sanger, American birth control advocate (d. 1966)
• 1880 – Metropolitan Benjamin (Fedchenkov), Orthodox missionary and writer (d. 1961)
• 1880 – Archie Hahn, American athlete (d. 1955)
• 1886 – Jan Masaryk, Czech foreign minister and diplomat (d. 1948)
• 1889 – María Capovilla, previous oldest living person (d. 2006)
• 1891 – Ivan Matveyevich Vinogradov, Russian mathematician (d. 1983)
• 1898 – Ernest Nash, German-born archaeologist (d. 1974)
• 1899 – Hal B. Wallis, American film producer (d. 1986)
• 1902 – Giorgos Papasideris Greek musician (d. 1977)
• 1909 – Peter Scott, British naturalist and explorer (d. 1989)
• 1910 – Jack Hawkins, British actor (d. 1973)
• 1910 – Yiannis Latsis, Greek shipping tycoon (d. 2003)
• 1913 – Jacobo Arbenz, President of Guatemala (d. 1971)
• 1913 – Annalisa Ericson, Swedish actress
• 1914 – Lída Baarová, Czech actress (d. 2000)
• 1914 – Clayton Moore, American actor (d. 1999)
• 1914 – Kay Medford, American actress (d. 1980)
• 1914 – Robert McCloskey, American author (d. 2003)
• 1916 – John Heyer, Australian documentary filmmaker (d. 2001)
• 1916 – Eric Bentley, British-born American critic and playwright
• 1918 – Georges Berger, Belgian racing driver (d. 1967)
• 1920 – Mario Benedetti, Uruguayan writer (d. 2009)
• 1920 – Lawrence Klein, American economist, Nobel Prize laureate
• 1920 – Alberto Calderón, Argentine mathematician (d. 1998)
• 1921 – Dario Vittori, Argentinian actor (d. 2001)
• 1922 – Michel Auclair, French actor (d. 1988)
• 1923 – Nicholas Georgiadis, Greek painter, stage and costume designer (d. 2001)
• 1924 – Abioseh Nicol, Sierra Leonean diplomat and author (d. 1994)
• 1926 – Michel Butor, French novelist
• 1927 – Martin Caidin, American aviation writer (d. 1997)
• 1929 – Larry Collins, American writer (d. 2005)
• 1929 – Maurice Vachon, French Canadian professional wrestler
• 1930 – Allan Bloom, American academic (d. 1992)
• 1932 – Harry Sinden, American National Hockey League executive
• 1932 – John Tembo, Malawian politician
• 1933 – Harve Presnell, American actor
• 1934 – Sarah Kofman, French philosopher
• 1934 – Kate Millett, American feminist writer
• 1935 – Fujio Akatsuka, Japanese cartoonist (d. 2008)
• 1935 – Amanda Barrie, British actress
• 1936 – Walter Koenig, American actor
• 1936 – Ferid Murad, American physician and pharmacologist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
• 1936 – Harry Danielsen, Norwegian politician
• 1937 – Renzo Piano, Italian architect
• 1938 – Nicol Williamson, Scottish-born actor
• 1939 – DeWitt Weaver, Professional golfer
• 1940 – Larry Brown, American basketball coach
• 1941 – Alberto Naranjo, Venezuelan musician
• 1942 – Bernard MacLaverty, Northern Irish writer
• 1944 – Joey Heatherton, American actress and singer
• 1945 – Martin Tyler, British sports broadcaster
• 1946 – Jim Angle, American television reporter
• 1947 – Jon "Bowzer" Bauman, American singer (Sha Na Na)
• 1947 – Sam Neill, New Zealand actor
• 1948 – Marc Reisner, American writer (d. 2000)
• 1949 – Tommy Seebach, Danish musician (d. 2003)
• 1949 – Eikichi Yazawa, Japanese singer
• 1949 – Steve Gaines, American guitarist (Lynyrd Skynyrd) (d. 1977)
• 1949 – Ed King, American guitarist (Lynyrd Skynyrd)
• 1950 – Paul Kossoff, British guitarist (Free) (d. 1976)
• 1950 – Masami Kuwashima, Japanese race car driver
• 1950 – Michael Nifong, American attorney
• 1953 – Tom Cora, American cellist and composer (d. 1998)
• 1953 – Judy Playfair, Australian swimmer
• 1956 – Kostas Karamanlis, Greek prime-minister
• 1956 – Ray Wilkins, English former footballer
• 1956 – Lefteris Zagoritis, Greek politician
• 1957 – Tim Wallach, American baseball player
• 1957 – Kepler Wessels, former Australian and South African cricketer
• 1958 – Beth Nielsen Chapman, American singer-songwriter
• 1959 – Morten Harket, Norwegian singer (a-ha)
• 1960 – Melissa Leo, American actress
• 1960 – Callum Keith Rennie, Canadian actor
• 1961 – Freeman Mbowe, Tanzanian politician and businessman
• 1961 – Wendy Thomas, namesake of the eponymous restaurant (Wendy's)
• 1963 – Robin Singh, Indian cricketer
• 1964 – Faith Ford, American actress
• 1965 – Michelle Stafford, American actress
• 1965 – Dmitry Medvedev, President of Russia
• 1966 – Mike Cooley, American guitarist
• 1967 – Dan Cortese, American actor
• 1967 – Ashlyn Gere, American pornographic actress
• 1967 – Jens Lien, Norwegian film director
• 1969 – Konstantinos Koukodimos, Greek long jumper and politician
• 1969 – Tyler Perry, American actor
• 1970 – Ben Garant, American actor
• 1970 – Craig Montoya, American musician (Everclear)
• 1970 – Francesco Casagrande, Italian cyclist
• 1971 – Jeff Loomis, American guitarist (Nevermore)
• 1971 – Andre Matos, Brazilian musician
• 1971 – Kimberly Williams, American actress
• 1972 – David Bell, American baseball player
• 1973 – Tony Bui, Vietnamese film director
• 1973 – Terrell Fletcher, American football player
• 1973 – Andrew Lincoln, British actor
• 1973 – Nas, American rapper
• 1973 – Linvoy Primus, English footballer
• 1973 – Mike Ward, Canadian comedian
• 1974 – Chad Bradford, American baseball player
• 1974 – Hicham El Guerrouj, Moroccan athlete
• 1976 – Jeremy Dunham, video game journalist
• 1976 – Agustín Calleri, Argentine tennis player
• 1978 – Carmen Kass, Estonian model
• 1978 – Danielle Peck, country music singer
• 1978 – Ben Cohen, English rugby union footballer
• 1979 – Jesse Marunde, American strongman/athlete (d. 2007)
• 1980 – Ayọ, German singer
• 1981 – Ashley Roberts, American singer, dancer & actress (Pussycat Dolls)
• 1981 – Miyavi, Japanese musician
• 1982 – Hiroki Narimiya, Japanese actor
• 1982 – SoShy, French singer/songwriter
• 1983 – Amy Winehouse, English singer
• 1983 – Frostee Rucker, National Football League defensive end
• 1984 – Adam Lamberg, American actor
• 1985 – Paolo Gregoletto, American bassist (Trivium)
• 1985 – Aya Ueto, Japanese actress and singer
• 1985 – Delmon Young, American baseball player
• 1986 – Alan Sheehan, Irish footballer
• 1986 – Ai Takahashi, Japanese singer (Morning Musume)
• 1986 – Andrew James Trauth, American actor
• 1987 – Michael Crabtree, American football player
• 1988 – Kirsten Haglund, American beauty pageant contestant
• 1989 – Jesse James, American actor

Deaths

• 258 – Cyprian, Bishop of Carthage
• 585 – Emperor Bidatsu of Japan (b. 538)
• 775 – Constantine V, Byzantine Emperor (b. 718)
• 786 – Al-Hadi, Abbasid caliph
• 891 – Pope Stephen V
• 1146 – Zengi, ruler of Syria (b. 1087)
• 1164 – Emperor Sutoku of Japan (b. 1119)
• 1214 – Albert Avogadro, Italian patriarch of Jerusalem (b. 1149)
• 1321 – Dante Alighieri, Italian author (b. 1265)
• 1404 – Albert IV of Austria (b. 1377)
• 1435 – John, Duke of Bedford, regent of England (b. 1389)
• 1523 – Pope Adrian VI (b. 1459)
• 1538 – Henry III of Nassau-Breda, German nobleman (b. 1483)
• 1605 – Jan Tarnowski, Archbishop of Krakow (b. 1550)
• 1638 – John Harvard, American clergyman (b. 1607)
• 1646 – Robert Devereux, 3rd Earl of Essex, English Civil War general (b. 1591)
• 1712 – Giovanni Domenico Cassini, Italian-born astronomer (b. 1625)
• 1743 – Nicolas Lancret, French painter (b. 1690)
• 1749 – Richard Temple, 1st Viscount Cobham, English soldier and politician (b. 1675)
• 1759 – Louis-Joseph de Montcalm, French military commander (b. 1712)
• 1807 – George Townshend, 1st Marquess Townshend, British field marshal (b. 1724)
• 1836 – Aaron Burr, Vice President of the United States (b. 1756)
• 1851 – James Fenimore Cooper, American author (b. 1789)
• 1852 – Augustus Pugin, English architect (b. 1812)
• 1852 – Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington, British general and Prime Minister of the United Kingdom
• 1879 – Bernhard von Cotta, German geologist (b. 1808)
• 1898 – William Seward Burroughs, American inventor (b. 1857)
• 1901 – William McKinley, 25th President of the United States (b. 1843)
• 1905 – Pierre Savorgnan de Brazza, Franco-Italian explorer (b. 1852)
• 1916 – José Echegaray y Eizaguirre, Spanish writer, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1832)
• 1927 – Isadora Duncan, American dancer (b. 1877)
• 1936 – Irving Thalberg, American film producer (b. 1899)
• 1937 – Tomáš Masaryk, Czech politician (b. 1850)
• 1942 – E.S. Gosney, American eugenicist (b. 1855)
• 1951 – Fritz Busch, German conductor (b. 1890)
• 1959 – Wayne Morris, American actor (b. 1914)
• 1960 – M. Karagatsis, Greek author (b. 1908)
• 1965 – J.W. Hearne, English cricketer (b. 1891)
• 1966 – Gertrude Berg, American actress (b. 1899)
• 1974 – Warren Hull, American actor (b. 1903)
• 1975 – Walter Herbert, German conductor and impresario (b. 1902)
• 1981 – Furry Lewis, American blues guitarist (b. 1899)
• 1981 – William Loeb III, American newspaper publisher (b. 1905)
• 1982 – Bachir Gemayel, Lebanese politician (b. 1947)
• 1982 – John Gardner, American novelist (b. 1933)
• 1982 – Grace Kelly, American actress, Princess of Monaco (b. 1929)
• 1982 – Christian Ferras, French violinist (b. 1933)
• 1984 – Janet Gaynor, American actress (b. 1906)
• 1989 – Dámaso Pérez Prado, Cuban musician (b. 1916)
• 1991 – Julie Bovasso, American actor and writer (b. 1930)
• 1991 – Russell Lynes, American art historian and magazine editor (b. 1910)
• 1992 – Paul Joseph James Martin, Canadian politician (b. 1903)
• 1994 – Marika Krevata, Greek actress (b. 1910)
• 1995 – Maurice K. Goddard, American state government official (b. 1912)
• 1996 – Juliet Prowse, British actress and dancer (b. 1937)
• 1999 – Charles Crichton, English film director (b. 1910)
• 1999 – Giannos Kranidiotis, Greek diplomat and politician (d. 1947)
• 2000 – Beah Richards, American actress (b. 1920)
• 2000 – Jerzy Giedroyc, Polish writer and activist (b. 1906)
• 2001 – Stelios Kazantzidis, Greek singer (b. 1931)
• 2003 – Yetunde Price, American sibling of Venus and Serena Williams (b. 1972)
• 2003 – John Serry, Sr., American musician, (b. 1915)
• 2003 – Garrett Hardin, American ecologist (b. 1915)
• 2005 – William Berenberg, American physician (b. 1915)
• 2005 – Robert Wise, American filmmaker (b. 1914)
• 2005 – Vladimir Volkoff, French writer (b. 1932)
• 2005 – Frances Newton, American convicted killer (b. 1965)
• 2006 – Mickey Hargitay, Hungarian actor and bodybuilder (b. 1926)
• 2006 – Esme Melville, Australian actress (b. 1918)
• 2008 – Ştefan Iordache, Romanian actor (b. 1941)
• 2009 – Keith Floyd, British TV chef (b. 1943)
• 2009 – Jody Powell, American press secretary to Jimmy Carter (b. 1943)
• 2009 – Darren Sutherland, Irish boxer (b. 1982)
• 2009 – Patrick Swayze, American actor, dancer, and songwriter (b. 1952)
• 2009 – Henry Gibson, American actor and songwriter (b. 1935)

Holidays and observances

• In ancient Greece, the first day of the Eleusinian Mysteries, during which the sacred objects were brought from Eleusis to Athens.
• Roman Catholic Church
  • Triumph of the Cross (compare May 3, Finding of the Holy Cross)
  • Crescentius of Rome
  • Maternus of Cologne
  • Notburga
• John Gabriel Taurin Dufresse
• Eastern Orthodox Church
  • Exaltation of the Cross, which commemorates the discovery of the original Christian cross in 326 by Helena, mother of Constantine, as well as the recovery from the Persians by Heraclius in 628.
  • Aelia Flaccilla
• Formerly, in the Roman Catholic and Anglican churches, the Wednesday, Friday and Saturday following 14 September were observed as one of the four sets of Ember days. In the Irish calendar they were known as Quarter tense.

External links

• BBC: On This Day
• The New York Times: On This Day
• On This Day in Canada

From Wikiquote

Quotes of the day from previous years:

2004

We don't see things as they are, we see things as we are. ~ Anaïs Nin

• selected by Kalki

2005

I've had enough of breakdowns and diagrams — judging from picture books, apparently Heaven is a partly cloudy place. ~ Jenny Lewis, "Don't Deconstruct"

• proposed by IP 69.3.198.42 ("Pacian")

2006

The acceptance of the principle of international cooperation is of immense importance for all states. Even the states which are most tempted to believe that they can stand by themselves have very much to gain by such cooperation. And for the smaller states — the weaker states — it is vital to all their hopes of liberty and justice. ~ Robert Cecil, 1st Viscount Cecil of Chelwood (born 14 September 1864)

• proposed by Kalki

2007

The vast majority of the peoples of the world are against war and against aggression. If they make their wishes known and effective, war can be stopped. It all depends on whether they are willing to make the effort necessary for the purpose. For, that it will require an effort, no one who considers the history of the world on these subjects can doubt. ~ Robert Cecil, 1st Viscount Cecil of Chelwood

• proposed by Kalki

2008

Patriotism is proud of a country’s virtues and eager to correct its deficiencies; it also acknowledges the legitimate patriotism of other countries, with their own specific virtues. The pride of nationalism, however, trumpets its country’s virtues and denies its deficiencies, while it is contemptuous toward the virtues of other countries. It wants to be, and proclaims itself to be, "the greatest," but greatness is not required of a country; only goodness is. ~ Sydney J. Harris

• proposed by Zarbon

2009

The difference between faith and superstition is that the first uses reason to go as far as it can, and then makes the jump; the second shuns reason entirely — which is why superstition is not the ally, but the enemy, of true religion. ~ Sydney J. Harris

• proposed by Zarbon

2010

Suggestions

Mankind will possess incalculable advantages and extraordinary control over human behavior when the scientific investigator will be able to subject his fellow men to the same external analysis he would employ for any natural object, and when the human mind will contemplate itself not from within but from without. – Ivan Pavlov (born September 14, 1849)

• 3. David | Talk 20:23, 10 September 2006 (UTC)
• 2 InvisibleSun 00:43, 11 September 2006 (UTC)
• 2 Kalki 00:28, 13 September 2007 (UTC)
• 1 Zarbon 22:52, 24 April 2008 (UTC)

The old phrase, "Government of the people, by the people, for the people", represents a true ideal. It is best for the people as a whole. It is even more clearly the best for the development of the individual man and woman. And since in the end, the character and the prosperity of the nation depend on the character of the individuals that compose it, the form of government which best promotes individual development is the best for the people as a whole. ~ Robert Cecil, 1st Viscount Cecil of Chelwood

• 3 Kalki 04:15, 14 September 2007 (UTC) with a very strong lean toward 4.
• 1 Zarbon 22:52, 24 April 2008 (UTC)
• 3 InvisibleSun 22:16, 13 September 2008 (UTC)

Our imagination is struck only by what is great; but the lover of natural philosophy should reflect equally on little things. ~ Alexander von Humboldt

• 2 Zarbon 19:55, 2 June 2008 (UTC)
• 3 InvisibleSun 22:16, 13 September 2008 (UTC)
• 3 Kalki 23:46, 13 September 2008 (UTC)

Only what we have wrought into our character during life can we take away with us. ~ Alexander von Humboldt

• 2 Zarbon 19:55, 2 June 2008 (UTC)
• 3 InvisibleSun 22:16, 13 September 2008 (UTC)
• 3 Kalki 23:46, 13 September 2008 (UTC)

An idealist believes the short run doesn't count. A cynic believes the long run doesn't matter. A realist believes that what is done or left undone in the short run determines the long run. ~ Sydney J. Harris

• 2 Zarbon 19:55, 2 June 2008 (UTC)
• 3 InvisibleSun 22:16, 13 September 2008 (UTC)
• 3 Kalki 23:46, 13 September 2008 (UTC) with a very strong lean toward 4.

The principal difference between love and hate is that love is an irradiation, and hate is a concentration. Love makes everything lovely; hate concentrates itself on the object of its hatred. ~ Sydney J. Harris

• 2 Zarbon 19:55, 2 June 2008 (UTC)
• 2 InvisibleSun 22:16, 13 September 2008 (UTC)
• 3 Kalki 17:53, 13 September 2009 (UTC) * 4 Kalki 23:46, 13 September 2008 (UTC) with a strong lean toward 4.

The difference between patriotism and nationalism is that the patriot is proud of his country for what it does, and the nationalist is proud of his country no matter what it does; the first attitude creates a feeling of responsibility, but the second a feeling of blind arrogance that leads to war. ~ Sydney J. Harris

• 3 Zarbon 19:55, 2 June 2008 (UTC)
• 3 InvisibleSun 22:16, 13 September 2008 (UTC)
• 3 Kalki 23:46, 13 September 2008 (UTC)

The beauty of "spacing" children many years apart lies in the fact that parents have time to learn the mistakes that were made with the older ones—which permits them to make exactly the opposite mistakes with the younger ones. ~ Sydney J. Harris

• 2 for comedic value. Zarbon 19:55, 2 June 2008 (UTC)
• 2 InvisibleSun 22:16, 13 September 2008 (UTC)
• 2 Kalki 23:46, 13 September 2008 (UTC)

Agnosticism is a perfectly respectable and tenable philosophical position; it is not dogmatic and makes no pronouncements about the ultimate truths of the universe. It remains open to evidence and persuasion; lacking faith, it nevertheless does not deride faith. Atheism, on the other hand, is as unyielding and dogmatic about religious belief as true believers are about heathens. It tries to use reason to demolish a structure that is not built upon reason. ~ Sydney J. Harris

• 3 Kalki 00:40, 14 September 2009 (UTC) with a strong lean toward 4.

From StrategyWiki, the free strategy guide and walkthrough wiki

Games released on September 14.

From Wikia Gaming, your source for walkthroughs, games, guides, and more!

Game releases

• 2004
  • Fable for the Xbox

• 2001
  • Luigi's Mansion for the GameCube in Japan
  • Mario Kart Super Circuit in Europe

• 1995
  • Clock Tower for the SNES in Japan

Events

• 2001
  • Nintendo GameCube releases in Japan

From Familypedia

September 14 is the 257th day of the year (258th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 108 days remaining until the end of the year.

Events

• 786 - Harun al-Rashid becomes the Abbasid caliph upon the death of his brother al-Hadi.
• 1180 - Battle of Ishibashiyama in Japan.
• 1607 - Flight of the Earls from Lough Swilly, Donegal, Ireland.
• 1682 - Bishop Gore School one of the oldest schools in Wales founded.
• 1752 - The British Empire adopts the Gregorian calendar, skipping eleven days (the previous day was September 2).
• 1812 - French grenadiers enter Moscow. The Fire of Moscow begins as soon as Russian troops leave the city.
• 1814 - Francis Scott Key writes "The Star-Spangled Banner."
• 1829 - Ottoman Empire signs the Treaty of Adrianople with Russia, thus ending the Russo-Turkish War.
• 1847 - Mexican-American War: Winfield Scott captures Mexico City.
• 1862 - Civil War Maryland Campaign Battle of South Mountain is fought.
• 1886 - Typewriter ribbon patented.
• 1901 - President of the United States William McKinley dies after an assassination attempt on September 6, and is succeeded by Theodore Roosevelt.
• 1917 - Russia is officially proclaimed a republic.
• 1923 - Miguel Primo de Rivera becomes dictator of Spain.
• 1944 - United States Marines land on the island of Peleliu.
• 1948 - Groundbreaking for the United Nations headquarters in New York City.
• 1958 - Two rockets designed by the German engineer Ernst Mohr, the first German post-war rockets, reach the upper atmosphere.
• 1959 - The Soviet probe Luna 2 crashes onto the Moon, becoming the first man-made object to reach it.
• 1960 - The Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) is founded.
• 1964 - The opening of the third period of the Second Vatican Council.
• 1965 - The opening of the fourth and final period of Second Vatican Council.
• 1975 - The first American saint, Elizabeth Ann Seton, is canonized by Pope Paul VI.
• 1982 - President-elect of Lebanon, Bachir Gemayel, is assassinated.
• 1984 - Joe Kittinger becomes the first person to fly a hot air balloon alone across the Atlantic Ocean.
• 1987 - ITV Schools was broadcast on Channel 4 for the very first time.
• 1987 - The Toronto Blue Jays set a major league record for most home runs in a single game - 10 - versus the Baltimore Orioles at Exhibition Stadium, and the teams combined to tie the record for most homers by two teams - 11. The game also marked the end of Cal Ripken's streak of 8,243 consecutive innings played, which is believed to be the longest, although this is not a record officially kept by MLB.
• 1990 - Ken Griffey and his son Ken Jr. become the first father-son duo to hit back-to-back home runs.
• 1994 - The Major League Baseball season is canceled because of a strike.
• 1995 - Body Worlds opens in Tokyo, Japan
• 1998 - Telecommunications companies MCI Communications and WorldCom complete their $37 billion merger to form MCI WorldCom.
• 1999 - Kiribati, Nauru and Tonga join the United Nations.
• 2000 - Microsoft introduced the last update to the OS, MS-DOS. (Version 8.0)
• 2000 - Windows Me is released.
• 2001 - Historic National Prayer Service held at Washington National Cathedral for victims of the September 11 attacks. A similar service is held in Canada on Parliament Hill, the largest vigil ever held in the nation's capital.
• 2003 - In a referendum Sweden rejects adopting the euro.
• 2003 - Estonia approves joining the European Union in a referendum.
• 2007 - Restrictions on the traditional Latin Mass are officially removed in the Roman Catholic Church as Pope Benedict XVI's motu proprio Summorum Pontificum takes effect.

Births

• 1169 - Alexios II Komnenos (d. 1183) Byzantine emperor
• 1388 - Claudius Clavus, Danish geographer
• 1486 - Heinrich Cornelius Agrippa, German alchemist (d. 1535)
• 1543 - Claudio Aquaviva, Italian Jesuit (d. 1615)
• 1547 - Johan van Oldenbarnevelt, Dutch statesman (d. 1619)
• 1656 - Thomas Baker, British antiquarian (d. 1746)
• 1713 - Johann Kies, German mathematician (d. 1781)
• 1721 - Eliphalet Dyer, American statesman and judge (d. 1807)
• 1737 - Michael Haydn, Austrian composer (d. 1806)
• 1760 - Luigi Cherubini, Italian composer (d. 1842)
• 1769 - Alexander von Humboldt, German naturalist and explorer (d. 1859)
• 1771 - Nikolay Raevsky, Russian general and statesman (d. 1829)
• 1804 - John Gould, British ornithologist (d. 1881)
• 1804 - Louis Desiré Maigret, French Catholic prelate (d. 1882)
• 1837 - Nikolai Bugaev, Russian mathematician (d. 1903)
• 1849 - Ivan Pavlov, Russian scientist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (d. 1936)
• 1860 - Hamlin Garland, American writer (d. 1940)
• 1864 - Robert Cecil, British politician and diplomat, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (d. 1958)
• 1867 - Charles Dana Gibson, American artist (d. 1944)
• 1869 - Kid Nichols, baseball player (d. 1953)
• 1879 - Margaret Sanger, American birth control advocate (d. 1966)
• 1880 - Metropolitan Benjamin (Fedchenkov), Orthodox missionary and writer, Exarch of Russian Church in North America (d. 1961)
• 1880 - Archie Hahn, American athlete (d. 1955)
• 1886 - Jan Masaryk, Czech foreign minister and diplomat (d. 1948)
• 1889 - Maria Capovilla, previous oldest living person (d. 2006)
• 1891 - Ivan Matveyevich Vinogradov, Russian mathematician (d. 1983)
• 1894 - Bibhutibhushan Bandopadhyay, Bengali Novelist (d. 1950)
• 1898 - Ernest Nash, German-born archaeologist (d. 1974)
• 1899 - Hal B. Wallis, American film producer (d. 1986)
• 1902 - Giorgos Papasideris Greek musician (d. 1977)
• 1909 - Peter Scott, British naturalist, artist, and explorer (d. 1989)
• 1910 - Jack Hawkins, British actor (d. 1973)
• 1910 - Yiannis Latsis, Greek shipping tycoon (d. 2003)
• 1913 - Jacobo Arbenz, President of Guatemala (d. 1971)
• 1914 - Lída Baarová, Czech actress (d. 2000)
• 1914 - Clayton Moore, American actor (d. 1999)
• 1914 - Kay Medford, American actress (d. 1980)
• 1914 - Robert McCloskey, American author (d. 2003)
• 1916 - John Heyer, Australian documentary filmmaker (d. 2001}
• 1918 - Georges Berger, Belgian racing driver (d. 1967)
• 1920 - Mario Benedetti, Uruguayan writer
• 1920 - Lawrence Klein, American economist, Nobel Prize laureate
• 1920 - Alberto Calderón, Argentine mathematician (d. 1998)
• 1921 - Dario Vittori, Argentinian actor (d. 2001)
• 1922 - Michel Auclair, French actor (d. 1988)
• 1924 - Abioseh Nicol, Sierra Leonean diplomat and noted author (d. 1994)
• 1926 - Michel Butor, French novelist
• 1927 - Martin Caidin, American writer noted for his focus on aviation (d. 1997)
• 1929 - Larry Collins, American writer (d. 2005)
• 1929 - Maurice Vachon, French Canadian professional wrestler
• 1930 - Allan Bloom, American academic (d. 1992)
• 1932 - Harry Sinden, National Hockey League executive
• 1932 - John Tembo, Malawian politician
• 1933 - Harve Presnell, American actor
• 1934 - Sarah Kofman, French philosopher
• 1934 - Kate Millett, American feminist writer
• 1936 - Walter Koenig, American actor
• 1936 - Ferid Murad, American physician and pharmacologist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
• 1936 - Harry Danielsen, Norwegian politician
• 1937 - Renzo Piano, Italian architect
• 1938 - Nicol Williamson, Scottish-born actor
• 1940 - Larry Brown, American basketball coach
• 1941 - Alberto Naranjo, Venezuelan musician
• 1942 - Bernard MacLaverty, Northern Irish writer
• 1944 - Joey Heatherton, American actress and singer
• 1945 - Martin Tyler, British sports broadcaster
• 1947 - Jon "Bowzer" Bauman, "Bowzer" singer in musical group "Sha Na Na"
• 1947 - Sam Neill, New Zealand actor
• 1949 - Tommy Seebach, Danish musician (d. 2003)
• 1949 - Eikichi Yazawa, Japanese singer
• 1949 - Steve Gaines, American guitarist (Lynyrd Skynyrd) (d. 1977)
• 1949 - Ed King, American guitarist (Lynyrd Skynyrd)
• 1950 - Paul Kossoff, British guitarist (Free) (d. 1976)
• 1950 - Masami Kuwashima, Japanese Formula One driver
• 1950 - Michael Nifong, North Carolina district attorney
• 1953 - Tom Cora, American cellist and composer (d. 1998)
• 1953 - Judy Playfair, Australian swimmer
• 1956 - Kostas Karamanlis, Greek prime-minister
• 1956 - Ray Wilkins, English former footballer
• 1957 - Tim Wallach, Major League Baseball player
• 1957 - Kepler Wessels, South African cricketer
• 1959 - Morten Harket, Norwegian singer (a-ha)
• 1960 - Melissa Leo, American actress
• 1960 - Callum Keith Rennie, Canadian actor
• 1963 - Robin Singh, Indian cricketer
• 1964 - Faith Ford, American actress
• 1965 - Dmitry Medvedev, First Deputy Prime Minister of Russia
• 1966 - Mike Cooley, American guitarist
• 1967 - Dan Cortese, American actor
• 1968 - Michelle Stafford, American actress
• 1969 - Konstantinos Koukodimos, Greek long jumper
• 1970 - Ben Garant, American actor
• 1970 - Craig Montoya, American musician (Everclear)
• 1970 - Francesco Casagrande, Italian cyclist
• 1971 - Kimberly Williams, American actress
• 1971 - Jeff Loomis, American guitarist (Lead guitarist for Nevermore)
• 1972 - David Bell, baseball player
• 1973 - Nas, American rapper
• 1973 - Linvoy Primus, English footballer
• 1974 - Chad Bradford, American baseball player
• 1974 - Hicham El Guerrouj, Moroccan athlete
• 1976 - Jeremy Dunham, video game journalist
• 1976 - Agustín Calleri, Argentine tennis player
• 1978 - Carmen Kass, Estonian model
• 1978 - Danielle Peck, country music singer
• 1978 - Ben Cohen, English rugby union footballer
• 1980 - Phillip Tobias, American illustrator and musician
• 1981 - Miyavi, Japanese singer and actor
• 1982 - Hiroki Narimiya, Japanese actor
• 1983 - Amy Winehouse, English singer
• 1983 - Frostee Rucker, American football player
• 1984 - Adam Lamberg, American actor
• 1984 - Melissa McGhee, American singer
• 1985 - Paolo Gregoletto, American bassist (Trivium)
• 1985 - Aya Ueto, Japanese actress idol and singer
• 1985 - Delmon Young, American baseball player
• 1986 - Ai Takahashi, Japanese singer (Morning Musume)
• 1986 - A.J. Trauth, American actor
• 1986 - Alan Sheehan, Irish footballer
• 1989 - Jesse James, American actor

Deaths

• 258 - Cyprian, Bishop of Carthage
• 585 - Emperor Bidatsu of Japan (b. 538)
• 775 - Constantine V, Byzantine Emperor (b. 718)
• 786 - Al-Hadi, Abbasid caliph
• 891 - Pope Stephen V
• 1146 - Zengi, ruler of Syria (b. 1087)
• 1164 - Emperor Sutoku of Japan (b. 1119)
• 1214 - Albert Avogadro, Latin Patriarch of Jerusalem (b. 1149)
• 1321 - Dante Alighieri, Italian author (b. 1265)
• 1404 - Albert IV of Austria (b. 1377)
• 1435 - John, regent of England (b. 1389)
• 1523 - Pope Adrian VI (b. 1459)
• 1538 - Henry III of Nassau-Breda, German nobleman (b. 1483)
• 1605 - Jan Tarnowski, Archbishop of Krakow (b. 1550)
• 1638 - John Harvard, American clergyman (b. 1607)
• 1646 - Robert Devereux, English Civil War general (b. 1591)
• 1712 - Giovanni Domenico Cassini, Italian-born astronomer (b. 1625)
• 1743 - Nicolas Lancret, French painter (b. 1690)
• 1749 - Richard Temple, English soldier and politician (b. 1675)
• 1759 - Louis-Joseph de Montcalm, French military commander (b. 1712)
• 1807 - George Townshend, British field marshal (b. 1724)
• 1836 - Aaron Burr, Vice President of the United States (b. 1756)
• 1851 - James Fenimore Cooper, American author (b. 1789)
• 1852 - Augustus Pugin, English architect (b. 1812)
• 1852 - Arthur Wellesley, British general and Prime Minister of the United Kingdom
• 1879 - Bernhard von Cotta, German geologist (b. 1808)
• 1898 - William Seward Burroughs, American inventor (b. 1857)
• 1901 - William McKinley, 25th President of the United States (b. 1843)
• 1905 - Pierre Savorgnan de Brazza (Pietro Paolo Savorgnan di Brazzà), explorer (b. 1852)
• 1910 - Huo Yuan Jia, Chinese martial artist
• 1927 - Isadora Duncan, American dancer (b. 1877)
• 1936 - Irving Thalberg, American film producer (b. 1899)
• 1937 - Tomáš Masaryk, 1st President of Czechoslovakia (b. 1850)
• 1942 - Ezra Seymour Gosney, American eugenicist (b. 1855)
• 1951 - Fritz Busch, German conductor (b. 1890)
• 1959 - Wayne Morris, American actor (b. 1914)
• 1960 - M. Karagatsis, Greek author (b. 1908)
• 1965 - J.W. Hearne, English cricketer (b. 1891)
• 1966 - Gertrude Berg, American actress (b. 1899)
• 1974 - Warren Hull, American actor (b. 1903)
• 1975 - Walter Herbert, German-born conductor and impresario (b. 1902)
• 1981 - Furry Lewis, American blues guitarist (b. 1899)
• 1982 - Bachir Gemayel, President-elect of Lebanon,assassinated (b. 1947)
• 1982 - John Gardner, American novelist (b. 1933)
• 1982 - Grace Kelly, American actress, Princess of Monaco (b. 1929)
• 1982 - Christian Ferras, French violinist (b. 1933)
• 1984 - Janet Gaynor, American actress (b. 1906)
• 1989 - Dámaso Pérez Prado, Cuban musician (b. 1916)
• 1991 - Julie Bovasso, American actor and writer (b. 1930)
• 1992 - Paul Joseph James Martin, Canadian politician (b. 1903)
• 1995 - Maurice K. Goddard - the "father" of Pennsylvania state parks
• 1996 - Juliet Prowse, British actress and dancer (b. 1937)
• 1999 - Charles Crichton, English film director (b. 1910)
• 2000 - Beah Richards, American actress (b. 1920)
• 2001 - Stelios Kazantzidis, Greek singer (b. 1931)
• 2003 - Yetunde Price, half-sister of American tennis players Venus and Serena Williams (b. 1972)
• 2003 - John Serry, American musician, (b. 1915)
• 2005 - William Berenberg, American physician (b. 1915)
• 2005 - Robert Wise, American filmmaker (b. 1914)
• 2005 - Vladimir Volkoff, French writer (b. 1932)
• 2006 - Mickey Hargitay, Hungarian-born actor and bodybuilder (b. 1926)
• 2006 - Esme Melville, Australian actress (b. 1918)

Holidays and observances

• In ancient Greece, the first day of the Eleusinian Mysteries, during which the sacred objects were brought from Eleusis to Athens.
• Roman Catholic Church - Triumph of the Cross (compare May 3, Finding of the Holy Cross).
• Eastern Orthodox Church - Exaltation of the Cross, which commemorates the discovery of the original Christian cross in 326 by Helena, mother of Constantine, as well as the recovery from the Persians by Heraclius in 628.
• Formerly, in the Roman Catholic and Anglican churches, the Wednesday, Friday and Saturday following 14 September were observed as one of the four sets of Ember days. In the Irish calendar they were known as Quarter tense.

External links

• BBC: On This Day
• The New York Times: On This Day

• On This Day in Canada