Solonetz (Ukrainian: Солонець, Russian: Солонец) is a type of soil in FAO soil classification. They have, within the upper 100 cm of the soil profile, a so-called "natric horizon" (natrium is the chemical term for sodium). There is a subsurface horizon (subsoil), higher in clay content than the upper horizon, that has more than 15% exchangeable sodium. The name is based on the Russian соль (sol, meaning salt).
Solonetz zones are associated with gleysols, solonchaks and kastanozems.
In USA soil taxonomy, solonetz corresponds to sodium-rich aridisols and mollisols.
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