Tachū Naitō (内藤多仲 Naitō Tachū, 12 June 1886 - 25 August 1970) was a Japanese architect, engineer, and professor from Yamanashi Prefecture, Minami-Alps, Yamanashi. He was a father of earthquake-proof design and built many broadcasting and observation towers, including the Tokyo Tower.
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Tachū Naitō attended the Old System Kofu Middle School (presently Yamanashi Prefectural Kofu First High School), he passed high school, then attended the Tokyo Imperial University (presently the University of Tokyo). First naval architecture was his major, then he turned to architecture due to the shipbuilding depression after the Russo-Japanese War. He studied with Kino Toshikata, and graduated in 1910. In 1913 he became a professor at Waseda University.
In 1916 he went to America as an international student, where he devised his seismic theory of the earthquake-proof wall. While on the First Transcontinental Railroad he made observations about the movements of the luggage depending on the trains acceleration, after noticing the scattered trunks when the train made sudden stops. The lack of partitions in the luggage compartment and the disarray of the trunks led him to the structural idea of the earthquake-proof wall,[1] effectively a shear wall.
Using the seismic structural theory that he devised, he engineered the Industrial Bank of Japan's main office which was designed by Setsu Watanabe. Three months after the building's completion in 1923 the Great Kantō earthquake happened. This structure withstood the damage and Naitō included this fact in his lectures as the effectiveness of his earthquake-proof design theory had been proven.
Other than the Industrial Bank of Japan, he worked on the Kabuki-za and the Okuma auditorium. Naitō designed many broadcasting towers, in 1954 the Nagoya TV Tower, in 1956 the Tsutenkaku, in 1957 the Sapporo TV Tower, and the Beppu Tower, and in 1958 the Tokyo Tower.
Tachū Naitō has held many positions and was recognized with many awards throughout his career. In 1938 he became the chairman of the welding academy, in 1941 the chair of the architectural academy, in 1954 a member of the Science Council of Japan, in 1960 a member of the Japan Academy, in 1962 he was awarded a distinction for cultural merit, and in 1964 he was awarded the second degree Order of the Rising Sun.
On August 25, 1970 at 9:05 AM Tachū Naitō died in the National Tokyo First Hospital, now the International Medical Center of Japan, at 84 years of age. His remains were buried in the graveyard of the Naitō family in Tamareien Cemetery. His epitaph is on the right side and a bronze statue and is on the left.
 Nagoya TV Tower (1954） |
 Tsutenkaku（1956） |
 Sapporo TV Tower (1957) |
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