| 156th | Top the Mahabharata tribes |
| Rajput Clan & Gurjar Clan: Tomar / Tanwar / Tuar [1] | |
| Vansh | Chandravansh |
| Lineage: | Som - Puru - Kuru - Dushyant - Arjuna - Kshemaka - Tomar - Anangpal |
| Branches: | Pathania, Janjua, Jarral, Janghara, Jatu' |
| Ruled in | Indraprastha, Delhi, Nurpur, Tanwarawati / Torawati, Gwalior, Kayasthapad, Dholpur |
The Tomaras (Hindi - तँवर , तोमर, तूर) (also spelt Tanwar and Toor) are a Rajput, Jatt and Gurjar[1] clan of the Chandravanshi kshatriya lineage. Descendants of Puru, Kuru, Dushyant, Arjuna, Kshemaka, Tomar lineage.
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Historian Dr. Augustus Hoernle believes that Tomaras were one of the ruling clan of the Gurjaras (or Gujjars).[1]
According to legend, They are the descendants of the Pandava Prince Arjun, through his great grandson Emperor Janamejaya, son of Emperor Parikshit.
King Yudhishtra, who founded the Capital of Indraprasta in the kingdom of Hastinapur, later abdicated in favour of Parikshit, the grandson of his brother Arjun. Hastinapur was later said to be flooded and the Pandava kingdom was later asserted elsewhere. The modern city of Delhi is believed to be on the site of Indraprasta[2]. Delhi was established in 736CE by the Tomar/Tuar king Anangpal Tomar-I who re-established the Pandava ancestral capital.
| “ | The Kingdom of Delhi was founded by Anangpal Tomar, whose dynasty, by virtue of descent from the Pandavas, claimed to be Lords Paramount of India | ” |
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—From A Pageant of India by Adolf Simon Waley[3] |
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The Tomar Rajput dynasty of Delhi lasted until Maharaja Anangpal Tomar-II, who to quote Lt. Col. Tod, in his Annals and Antiquities of Rajasthan was "justly entitled to be termed the paramount sovereign of Hindustan".
Tomar Rajput ruler Anangpal Tomar II appointed his grandson (daughter's son, and son of King of Ajmer), Prithviraj Chauhan, as the heir apparent. Some historians believe that Prithvaraj was merely a caretaker king as long as his grandfather was alive. Prithviraj was never crowned in Delhi, hence adding weight to the view that the Chauhan ruler usurped the thrown from his maternal grandfather.[citation needed]
According to records kept by Jagas of Tomar/ Tanwar Rajputs, King Anangpal made Prithviraj only as caretaker when he went on a religious pilgrimage, as his own sons were very small at that time. When King Anangpal returned back, Prithviraj refused to hand over the kingdom. (Jagas are hereditary tribal record keepers of Rajputs.)[citation needed]
Following their loss of control at Delhi after the defeat at Tarain of the Indian Confederacy against Shahbuddin Ghori, a branch of the Tomar clan established itself in the area of modern Gwalior in northern Madhya Pradesh. Later - Man Singh Tomar built the fortress citadel which still stands there.
The Mughal emperor Akbar captured Gwalior in 1559. Some Tomar Rajputs converted to Islam during the Muslim-Mughal rule; Tomar Muslim Rajputs are found in western Rajasthan, Pakistan and Sind.
Tomars moved from Delhi to Haryana (Bhiwani, Mahendergarh and Karnal Districts), Madya Pradesh (Gwalior, and Morena and Bhind Districts), Punjab, and Rajasthan (Patan State and surrounding areas). They are spread from Punjab, to Western Uttar Pradesh (Meerut, Badaun, Bareilly, Baraut, Muzaffarnagar Ghaziabad, Aligarh, Bulandshahr), Bewar (Mainpuri) significant parts of Himachal Pradesh, to western Rajastan to Northern Madhya Pradesh and even some in Pakistan.
The great Vikramaditya of the year 56BC is claimed to be a Tuar Rajput.[4][5][6][7]
| “ | The principal era to which the luni-solar system is exclusively adapted is that of Vikramaditya, called Samvat. The prince from whom it was named was of the Tuár dynasty, and is supposed to have reigned at Ujjain (Ujjáyini).[8] | ” |
In the Hindu tradition in India and Nepal, the widely used ancient calendar is Vikrama Samvat or Vikrama's era. This is said to have been started by the legendary king following his victory over the Sakas in 56 BC.
Some Kings mentioned in the list were Adopted from within the Family e.g. Yudhishter Adapted his Brothers Grandson Parikshit as the Heir Apparent. The Jagas of Tomars have the detailed descriptions of when such adaptations occurred. http://spreadsheets.google.com/ccc?key=rdDZUCSAbqMfDY94LLtIbhQ [9]
Pathania is the name of a branch of the Tomar/Tuar Rajputs. It is one of the ruling Rajput Clans of India. Their Kingdom was at Nurpur, founded in the 12th century, situated in Kangra district of Himachal Pradesh. The kingdom included Pathankot and a large tract on the plains of the Punjab; also the whole of the present Nurpur Tahsil of Kangra district of Himachal Pradesh, with the addition of Shahpurkandi, now in Gurdaspur, and also a small tract to the west of the Ravi, called Lakhanpur, now in Jammu & Kashmir State. Rana Jethpal (12th century A.D.), the younger brother of Anangpal Tomar, came to Jallandhar Doab also called Bist Doab to carve out a territory for himself. After crossing the Beas river he captured a fort called Bhet, and for this reason it is said, he acquired the name Rana Bhet. After that he became master of the Fort and the town of Paithan, now known as Pathankot, and from then onwards, he came to be known as a Pathania Rajput instead of a Tanwar Rajput. Pathania Rajputs live in and around Himachal Pradesh, in North India. The Pathania clan ruled the Kingdom of Nurpur, till 1849 A.D. They were famous for their resistance against foreign rule, which they proved by giving battle to invaders till 1849 A.D., after which the Kingdom was annexed by the British, the Raja being a minor. This clan has to its credit three Maha Vir Chakra winners in the Indian Army. This clan has also won many other gallantry awards while serving in the British army of India.
Descendents Th. Jatu singh and now inhabit surrounding villages of Bhiwani (Haryana).It is believed that there were 1440 villages of Tanwars near Bhiwani. However, now there are not that many villages left but there is a significant number of villages. Villages Bawani Khera, Bapora, Luhari Jatu and Tigrana, Ratera (Ratangarh in past) Chhapar, Devsar, Haluwas, Paluwas, are a few bigger villages in District Bhiwani.
Known as a large and turbulent branch of the Tomar/Tuar Rajput clan[10], the Janghara Rajputs were readily recruited by the British Indian Army.
The turbulent nature of the tribe is further enhanced by the origin of the name Janghara being derived from the words, Jang (war) and Ahára (hunger) meaning "the men who hunger for war".[11]
After the fall of Delhi to the Chauhans, the Janghara sept parted from the main Tomar branch in disgust. They entered Rohilkhund under the leadership of the prince Dhápu Dhám whose warlike nature was proverbial. A couplet sung by women of the clan states "Neeche Darti upar Ram, beech mein lade Dhapu Dham", meaning "Below is Earth, above is Rám. Between the two, fights Dhápu Dhám"[12]
The Janghara Rajputs of Bareilly claim to have ejected the Gwálas in 1388CE. in 1405CE they expelled the Ahirs from their Kingdoms. The Katehriya Rajputs were also defeated and exiled from Rohillkhund by the Janghara Rai's .[12]
| “ | The Jangháras have always been turbulent and warlike; they should furnish the (British Indian) army with some excellent recruits. | ” |
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—Handbook on Rajputs.[12] |
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The Janjua Rajputs also ruled in Mathura Uttar Pradesh during the 12th century AD near the Tuar settlements, before being exiled to Punjab where they flourished a warlike repute. They also claim Arjun Pandav descent and also allege to be descendants of the founder of Delhi.[13] The name Janjua also appears to be similar to Janghara, displaying that the derivation Janjua may also have been from the word Jang (war). The name Jangju has been used for the tribe too.[14]
| “ | The Janjúas of the Salt Range are considered second to none in Martial Spirit and Tradition. | ” |
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—Jhelum Gazetteer[15] |
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The British held a high regard for the Janjua Rajputs;
The Janjuas of the Salt range by way of contrast, were held to be among the best Muslim soldiers, and were also 'the only really pure Rajputs in the plains of Punjab'....—"Recruiting, Drafting, and Enlisting (Military and Society, 1)" Peter Karsten[16]
Originally a branch of Tomar/Tuar Rajputs, they gained prominence after their conversion to Islam in the 12th century. They are descendants of Pandavas and ruled a certain territory of Northern India from a place later came to be known as Kalanaur. They fought against Muhammad Ghor in both the battles of 1191 and 1192 joining Prithviraja Chauhan of Ajmer. They were ferocious and battle hardy Rajputs. Even after conversion they were fond of battles and seized Rajauri from the Pal rulers in 1193 AD.
Jarrals enjoyed fighting the Afghans, the Sikhs, the Dogras and the British and never rested but expanded their state in great length and width of the Punjab Hills. They were ousted from Rajauri State by the combined forces of Sikhs, Dogras and British in 1846. Later, knowing their feats of bravery and courage, the British befriended with them that helped them great in the latter years. It is one of the highest castes of Tomar but due to conversion to Islam were excommunicated by the clan and were not mentioned by the Sagas who note, maintain and narrate rajput family trees. They reside in India, Jammu, Kashmir, Punjab and other parts now in Pakistan. The descendents of Jarral Rulers reside in Musaman Burj, Wazirabad in Pakistan.
Beruari/Beruar/Birwar is one of the most dominating caste of eastern UP. According to local sources, area of present days Balia and Mirzapur district was once governed by Sudra of Berua caste. One of the tomer prince defeated them and eastablished the rule of dharma. He and his decedents later called as Berua+ari (Beruari), i.e., enemy of Beruas. There are many villages of this clan in Mithilanchal (Bihar) also. Hati is one of the prominent village of this clan. They are being treated as Amnekh (Superior) rajput clan in Bihar.
Sub Branches - Birwar, Badwar, Katiyar, Katouch, Jinwar, Indoria Kshatriya and Tirota Kshatriya. Indoria Kshatriya has branches - Raikwar, Jaiswar/Jaswar.
Pasanaha Chariu of Vibudh Shridhar (VS 1189-1230) an Apabhramsha writer, provides the first reference to the legend of the origin of the name Dhilli for Delhi[17].
हरियाणए देसे असंखगाम, गामियण जणि अणवरथ काम|
परचक्क विहट्टणु सिरिसंघट्टणु, जो सुरव इणा परिगणियं|
रिउ रुहिरावट्टणु बिउलु पवट्टणु, ढिल्ली नामेण जि भणियं|
Translation: There are countless villages in Haryana country. The villagers there work hard. They don't accept domination of others, and are experts in making the blood of their enemies flow. Indra himself praises this country. The capital of this country is Dhilli.
जहिं असिवर तोडिय रिउ कवालु, णरणाहु पसिद्धउ अणंगवालु ||
वलभर कम्पाविउ णायरायु, माणिणियण मणसंजनीय ||
Translation: The ruler Anangapal is famous, he can slay his enemies with his sword. The weight (of the Iron pillar) caused the Nagaraj to shake.
A VS 1383 inscription in Delhi Museum confirms the founding of Delhi by the Tomars:
देशोऽस्ति हरियानाख्यो पॄथिव्यां स्वर्गसन्निभः |
ढिल्लिकाख्या पुरी तत्र तोमरैरस्ति निर्मिता ||
Prithviraj Raso also confirms the founding by the Tomars and the legend of the loose nail (i.e., the Iron pillar):
हुं गड्डि गयौ किल्ली सज्जीव हल्लाय करी ढिल्ली सईव |
फिरि व्यास कहै सुनि अनंगराइ भवितव्य बात मेटी न जाइ ||
Today we have around 20 villages of Tomar or Tanwar Gujjars in and around Delhi which makes the perception strong that this was originally a Gurjar clan. These Gurjar Tanwars proved to be the toughest repellents to the Britishers in 1857 during the first war of independence. They captured the Matcalfe house for 12 days cutting all supplies to British Armies and declaring independence for Delhi (though for a small period of time only).
In 1517 AD the Fort was taken by Ibrahim Lodhi and subsequently by Babar.
Tomars of Gwalior
Established by King Anangpal II while he was ruler at Delhi, Patan is a city in Rajasthan ruled by the Tomars since 12th Century AD. Patan was capital of Tanwarawati or Torawati state. It is one of the oldest remaining states still ruled by the Tanwar's who are direct descendants of Anang Pal Tomar.
Chronology of Tomar rulers at Patan:
Founded in the 11th century (1095?), by Raja Jhet Pal, younger brother of the Ruler of Delhi (Anaypal Tomar). Originally known as Dhameri, name changed to Nurpur by Jehangir in honor of Queen Nur Jehan.
Rulers were:
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* Mian Arjun Singh of Reh, married and had issue.
o Mian Ishwari Singh of Reh, married and had issue.
+ Kumari Rai Dei, married Raja GOPAL SINGH of Chamba.
o Mian Keshari Singh, married and had issue.
+ Mian Shanker Singh of Reh, married and had issue.
# Rai Raghunath Singh of Reh, married and had issue.
* Rai Hoshiar Singh of Reh, married and had issue.
o Rai Mohan Singh of Reh, married and had issue.
+ Rai Ranvir Singh of Reh, married and had issue.
# Kumari Anjali Devi, married Raja ANIRUDH PAL SINGH of Awagarh, and has issue.
* Rajkumari Ambika Devi, born 1977, married Rajkumar Tushar Singh [Kumar Shri Tusharsinhji Kanaksinhji] of Dumraon, born 1970.
* Col. Kanwar Balwant Singh, married and had issue.
o Col. Devendra Singh, married Kanwarani Rama Devi, daughter of Kanwar Baldev Singh of Kumharsain, and his wife, Kanwarani Hemavati Kumari, and had issue.
+ Kanwar Hemant Singh
# Mian Bikham Singh, married and had issue.
* Thakur Sarup Singh, married Kumari Saheb Dei, daughter of Kanwar Hoshiar Singh of Chamba, and had issue.
o Wing-Cdr. Thakur Gajinder Singh Pathania, born 1921, served in the Indian Air Force, rising to the rank of Wing-Commander; married Thakurani Uma Dei of Barnai in Jammu, and had issue. He died 5 September 2009 in Dehradun.
+ Thakur Bhagwati Singh Pathania, born 21 August 1954 in Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, educated at The Lawrence School, Sanawar (Senior Cambridge), at Government College, Chandigarh (B.A. Econ.) and at Cambridge Tutorial College, U.K. (Diploma in Sales and Business management); has held Colours and Merit Certificates in all games, he was awarded the prestigious "Spartan Club" Membership, Member of the Lawrence School Sanawar Society as the Headmasters appointment in the years 2006 to 2009; worked overseas in Oman and the U.A.E. from 1981 to 2004; married 18 February 1984, Thakurani Renu Pathania, and has issue.
# Kumari Karishma Pathania, born 24 January 1990 in Jammu, educated at The Lawrence School, Sanawar, and is presently (2010) in 2nd year at M.C.M. DAV College, Chandigarh.
# Kumari Namrata Pathania, born 8 September 1991 in Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates, educated at The Lawrence School, Sanawar, presently (2010) awaiting her Boards for 12th Class.
o Thakur Rajendra Singh, married, and had issue.
+ Kumari Dimpy, married Kunwar D. P. N. Singh of Padrauna in Bihar, and has issue.
+ Kumari Prithi [Rani Preeti Devi of Poonch], married 14 August 1975, Raja RAMAN DEV SINGH of Poonch, and has issue, two children.
* Thakur Devi Singh, married Kumari Radha Devi, and had issue.
o Thakur Randhir Singh, married Thakurani Kamla Devi of Barnai in Jammu, and had issue.
+ Kumari Shahnaz, married Kanwar Anil Sen of Mandi.
+ Mian Bishan Singh, married and had issue.
# Sardar Bahadur Hira Singh, married and had issue.
* Kanwar Dalip Singh, married and had issue.
o Kanwar Nasib Singh, married Kanwarani Sushma Dei of Kutlehar, and had issue.
o Kumari Sharmishta Devi [Rani Sharmistha Devi of Bangahal], married Rai Sahib RAJENDRA PAL SINGH of Bir (Bangahal), and has issue.
* Kanwar Punjab Singh, married and had issue.
o Kanwar Virendra Singh, married Kanwarani Asha Kumari, daughter of Kanwar Indra Vikram Singh of Keonthal, and has issue.
o Kanwar Rajeshwar Singh, married Kanwarani Nirja Kumari, daughter of Kanwar Romesh Singh of Sirmur, and his wife, Kanwarani Sidheshwari Kumari, and has issue.
* Kanwar Mahendra Singh, married Kanwarani Usha Kumari, and had issue.
o Kumari Seema Kumari, married Kanwar Ajay Singh of Baghal, and has issue.
* Kumari Basantika Devi [Rani Basantika Devi of Kotkhai], married (as his second wife), Rana RAGHUNATH SINGH of Kotkhai, and had issue, two sons and one daughter.
o Mian Sahib Singh, married and had issue.
+ Mian Sheo Singh, married and had issue.
# Kumari (name unknown), married (as his third wife), Maj.Gen. HH Maharaja Sir PRATAP SINGH Sahib Bahadur of Jammu and Kashmir.
Lakhasar, Sawantsar and Janjheu villages have some tanwar population.
There are many Tomar Rajputs villages in Uttar Pradesh, over four hundred of them in Western Uttar Pradesh. These villages are mainly spread across the Meerut, Ghaziabad, Badaun, Bareilly, Hardoi, Muzaffar Nagar, Bulandshahr and Aligarh districts. The distribution of some of these villages is as follows:
Tomar/Tanwar Rajputs are also found in the, Bhiwani, Karnal, and Mahendergarh districts of Haryana; the Morena district in Madhya Pradesh, near Gwalior; and the Patan state near Jaipur.
Some of the Tomars from Morena district of MP have relocated to Dholpur District of Rajasthan. The major Villages of Tomars in Dholpur are - Sunderpur, Diwan Ka Pura, Gunpur, Chilpura and Kayasthpada.
There are several Tanwar Rajput villages in Bhiwani District of Haryana, namely Luhari Jatu, Bapaura, Dinod, Ratera, Devsar, Tigrana, Haluwas, Paluwas, Kairu, Jeetwan Baas, Bajina, Dhani Mahu, Baliyali (Rampura), Kuhar, Talwandi Raanghdan etc., and a significant proportion of Bhiwani City comprises Jatu Tanwar (a sub clan of Tanwars).
Further, there are also several Tanwar Rajput villages in Mahendergarh District of Haryana, one of the largest being Dhanoda, followed by Kheri-Talwana, Bassai, Bhandor Unchi, Chitlang, Pali, Neembi, Bojawas, Pathera, Khudana, and many more.
One tomar village named Gorar in district sonepat right between the dahiya and hooda dominated areas. The people of this village are supposed to be migrated from Johri village under Baghpat district of Uttar Pradesh.
There are 16 Tanwer Rajput Villages in Kurukhetra Dist in Haryana Pharal (Now in Distt. Kaithal), Tangore, Lukhi, Jadena, Kalsana. There are 1 Tanwar rajput Village in Palwal Dist in Haryana 'KARNA'.
Further, there are also several Tanwar Rajput village in Yamuna Nagar District of Haryana, namely Maheshwari. There is one Mangaria Tanwar village named "Pachaanka" in Mewat District of Haryana. It is named after five brothers who founded it after they were displaced by army of Akbar - the Mughal Emperor from Mangar village on Faridabad - Delhi border.
There are 84 villages between Kothputli and Shahpura. There are several villages near Pilani. Patan a former princely state (Torawati) in Rajsthan Near Jaipur was ruled by Tanwar Rajputs and ruler of this state is also considered the head of Tanwar clan.
Baba Ramdevji, the Holy Sage from Runicha, Rajsthan also known as Ram Peer. Born in 13th Century was a great social reformer and propounder of peace and equality. An yearly mela is held in Ramdevra in Jaisalmer District 118 km from Jaisalmer in his remberance where devotees from Rajasthan, Haryana, Gujarat and Punjab participate[25].
Late Thakur Jagmaal Singh Tanwar appointed in High Rank Civil Services, served the state of Rajasthan for following ministries - Coal & Mining, Finance, Labor. His father served His Highness Maharaja Ganga Singhji for his life time as a minister in the Royal Bikaneer Darbar.
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Cladus: Eukaryota
Supergroup: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Cladus: Protostomia
Cladus: Ecdysozoa
Phylum: Arthropoda
Subphylum: Hexapoda
Classis: Insecta
Cladus: Dicondylia
Cladus: Pterygota
Cladus: Metapterygota
Cladus: Neoptera
Cladus: Eumetabola
Cladus: Endopterygota
Superordo: Panorpida
Cladus: Amphiesmenoptera
Ordo: Lepidoptera
Subordo: Glossata
Infraordo: Heteroneura
Divisio: Ditrysia
Sectio: Tineina
Subsectio: Tineina
Superfamilia: Tineoidea
Series: Tineiformes
Familia: Tineidae
Subfamilia: Tineidae
incertae sedis Genus: Tomara Species:
T. tigrinella
Tomara F. Walker, 1864
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