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Royal Palace, Tonga

Tongatapu

Geography
Location	Pacific Ocean
Coordinates	21°12′41″S 175°09′11″W / 21.21139°S 175.15306°W / -21.21139; -175.15306
Archipelago	Tonga Islands
Area	259 square kilometres (100 sq mi)
Country
Tonga
Largest city	Nukuʻalofa (pop. 22,400)
Demographics
Population	71,260 (as of 2006)
Density	273.57 /km2 (708.5 /sq mi)

Tongatapu is the main island of the Kingdom of Tonga and the location of its capital Nukuʻalofa. It is located in Tonga's southern island group, to which it gives its name, and is the country's most populous island, with approximately 71,260 residents (2006), 70.5% of the national population. Tongatapu is Tonga's centre of government and the seat of its monarchy.

There are numerous historical sites on Tongatapu, relating to both the early history of the Tongans as well as the post-European contact period. One of the most iconic of these is the Royal Palace, located on the capital's waterfront and formerly the monarch's principal residence, but since the accession of King Siaosi Tupou V now occupied only by HM Queen Halaevalu Mataʻaho ʻAhomeʻe, the Queen Mother.

Tongatapu, as a commercial and transport hub, has (led by Nukuʻalofa) experienced more rapid economic development than, as well as attracting many internal migrants from, the other islands of the Kingdom

European discovery

Tongatapu was discovered by Europeans on 20 January 1643 by Abel Janszoon Tasman commanding two ships, the Heemskerck and the Zeehaen commissioned by the Dutch East India Company of Batavia (Jakarta). The expedition's goals were to chart the unknown southern and eastern seas and to find a possible passage through the South Pacific and Indian Ocean providing a faster route to Chile. The expedition set sail from Batavia on 14 August 1642. Tasman named the island "t’ Eijlandt Amsterdam" (Amsterdam Island), because of its abundance of supplies.^[1] This name is no longer used except by historians.

Note on spelling

Before the reform of Tongan language spelling in 1943, Tongatapu was written as Tongatabu. The Tongan p is sounded between the English p and b, something that up to the end of the 19th century was probably more pronounced than at present. When first written, Tongan used "b" for this sound but by the beginning of the 20th century many words were already spelled with a "p". Such a well established name as Tongatapu was the last to follow and the IATA abbreviation of Fuaʻamotu International Airport is still TBU.

Sites on Tongatapu

• Nukuʻalofa - Capital of Tonga
• Muʻa - Second largest city in Tongatapu
• Langi - Tombs of Tongan kings
• Mapu ʻa Vaea - Blowholes in the coral reef on the southern side
• Hūfangalupe - Natural landbridge on the south eastern side of Tongatapu
• Pangaimotu - Small resort island close to Nukuʻalofa
• Landing site of Captain Cook
• Flying Fox Preserve - Located in Kolovai in the western district
• Haʻamonga ʻa Maui - Trilithon
• Nukuleka - possibly the site of first human settlement in Tonga

See also

• List of islands and villages in Tonga

References

External links

• Tonga Quick Facts
• photographs from Tongatapu, Tonga
• Map of Tongatapu
• The European discovery of the Tonga Islands by Brian Hooker

Coordinates: 21°12′41″S 175°09′11″W / 21.21139°S 175.15306°W / -21.21139; -175.15306

Divisions of Tonga ʻEua · Haʻapai · Niuas · Tongatapu · Vavaʻu

From Wikitravel

Tongatapu is Tonga's largest island with over two-thirds of the country's small population. It is a coral island surrounded by coral reefs. The capital,Nuku'alofa, on the north coast, has a relaxed air, despite the troubles of a few years ago (see article on Tonga). There are some interesting places to visit and some nice beaches with good snorkelling and Tongatapu provides a good opportunity to view a unique culture. Most of the interesting places are outside Nuku’alofa but most of the places to stay are in the capital. There is a good bus network and car rental is possible.

Talk

Tongan is the official language but English is very widely spoken

Get in

By Plane

There are several flights a week from Auckland and Suva. See Tonga for more details.

Get around

Nuku'alofa is small enough to walk around and taxis are available.

Tongatapu can just about be seen in one day by car or motorbike. You can rent cars and motorscooters. A Tongan driver's license for T$25 is available and can be obtained at the police department with your home license.There are few or no road signs on Tongatapu so you'll need a good map if you're touring in a car. The speed limit on most of the island is 40kph and this is stuck to by the local drivers. The Police have radar guns to check. The roads are good in and around Nuku'alofa but deteriorate the further from the town and the further south you travel.You can hire a car from the Friend's Tourist Centre (near the main post office) for about 50 Pa'anga and a tour of the island is about 120 km.

Most cars on the island are in a terrible state, maintained on a budget and held together by a combination of 'Western Union' stickers and prayer. The low speed limit helps to keep accidents down.

Teta Tours and Toni's guest house offer day tours of all the main tourist sights (40-80 Pa'anga depending on how many are on the tour).

Buses to various points on Tongatapu run from the bus concourse on the seafront in Nuku'alofa although there are no timetables posted and local sources say that they are not reliable after about 1530 hours on most days. With no bus stops you just stand on the side of the road and flag the driver down (do not wave, they will wave back and keep driving). The most popular buses in Tonga are generally the loudest, so when you want to get off a reasonably loud "STOP" will do it (again, just anywhere you want them to stop). If you don't like kids or crowds avoid the buses at the end-of-school time, they get packed out and the only limit on how many people in a bus is how many can fit in. The general cost of getting from Nuku`alofa to the surfing destination of Ha`atafu on the western penninsula is roughly T$2.20.

• Nuku’alofa. This is the capital of Tonga and the largest city of Tongatapu. The crumbling wooden Royal Palace was built in 1867 and is the official residence of the King although not used by him. Until its death in 1966 the palace grounds housed a tortoise given to the then King by Captain Cook.
• Talamahu Market, Salote Road, Nuku'alofa, ☎ (676) 24146. Situated in Nuku'alofa next to the Central Police Station, Talamahu is the main market in Tongatapu where all the local farmers bring their fresh produce and sell. You can find all types of seasonal fruits, fresh vegetables and root vegetables such as yams, kumara, taro, manioke. Upstairs you will find local handicrafts, second hand clothing, shoes, carvings and jewelry of all types.  edit
• Ha’amonga ‘a Maui. Near the village of Niutōua, in the northeast corner of the island. This is a trilithon made out of coral, limestone rock. The name means ‘Maui’s burden’, referring to the Polynesian God Maui, who according to legend formed the Kingdom of Tonga by fishing the islands from the depths of the sea. The Ha’amonga ‘a Maui is thought to have been built around 1200 AD. There are several theories regarding its purpose. One is that the King, fearing his two sons would quarrel on his death, erected it as a symbol of brotherhood. Each son was represented by a stone pillar, and united by the lintel. A more likely explanation is that it was the gateway to the King’s palace at his new capital. This capital did not last long, hence the present-day isolation of the trilithon.

A funeral on one of the best-preserved langis at Mu'a

• Mu’a. This town, on the eastern edge of the lagoon, was the home of the Tu’i Tonga line of kings and was for centuries the capital of the island. It is notable for many tombs of the kings that can still be seen. When a Tuʻi Tonga king died he was buried in a langi, a big, artificial hill surrounded by huge slabs of coral rock, usually in three or more layers. This rock was quarried from along the coast of Tongatapu or from nearby islands. The accuracy by which the slabs were cut so that they fit each other with little space between is considered remarkable.
• Blowholes. These are near the village of Houma to the southwest of the island. When waves crash into the reef, natural channels in the volcanic rock allow water to be pushed through and forced up into the air. Best at high tide.
• Flying foxes. These are found in trees at Kolovai, to the west of the island. They are Pacific Flying Foxes, a species of fruit bat. Only the King is allowed to hunt them, hence these undisturbed colonies.

Tapa painting

• The Tongan National Cultural Centre. On the edge of Fanga'uta Lagoon on Taufa'ahau Road, around 1.5 km south of Nuku'alofa. This center is constructed with traditional buildings that house exhibitions of the kingdom's history. Artisans work on their crafts such as carving, tapa making and weaving and the items they make are sold to the visitors. Large buffet dinners are offered on Tuesdays and Thursdays with demonstrations of traditional dancing and other skills.

Do

Take a day trip to Pangaimotu or one of the outer islands. A trip to Pangaimotu Island costs about T$20 return. The small island, the closest one to Nuku`alofa has a half sunken ship wreck to snorkle around. However, beware of jumping off as the bottom is shallow on some sides and the rusted ship is sharp. The ship also attracts sea snakes. The island takes about an hour to meander around and has a restaurant which serves good food and hires snorkling gear (costly). Good idea to go on Sunday when most other things are closed.

Toni's tour of Tongatapu is a great option on Sunday when everything else is closed. T$40 per person min. 4 people

• Pangaimotu Island. The closest of several islands off the north coast of Tongatapu. Single $60, double $90;Communal Fale: $35p/person; Camping: Tent Site: $10; Tent Hire: $5. Rates go down if you stay more than one night.
• Toni's Guest House. Basic, but highly rated, accommodation about 5km out of town. T$15-50 per person per night. Will arrange a kava night if you want to experience the local drink. [1]

• Ha'atafu Beach resort. [2]. Just ten fales or cottages at this laid back resort on the west of the island, with good snorkelling and surfing. A$70-90 per person for shared cottages, including dinner.
• Dateline Hotel, (downtown Nuku'alofa on the seafront), [3]. Tonga's main hotel, now renovated after the 2006 troubles. T$100-160 single.  edit
• Friendly Islander Hotel. Three km east of the center of Nuku'alofa, towards the wharf. 26 rooms, 12 of which are suites with two bedrooms. Usual amenities plus a squash court. Annoying web site with lots of pop-ups at [4]
• Captain Cook Apartments. Just six rooms here, on the wharf a couple of minutes from the center of Nuku'alofa. T$150-200. Phone: (676) 25600; Email: info@captaincook.to.
• Sails Lodge and Restaurant. Opposite the mooring area for yachts on Nuku'alofa's sea front. Nine rooms, between T$90 and T$210. [5]
• The Villa. Another sea front lodge, this one with just five rooms. NZ$147 for double occupancy. [6]
• Waterfront Lodge. Eight rooms on the seafront in Nuku'alofa. Around T$200 for a double. [7]
• Oceanside Guest House. In Afa village to the east of the island. Six rooms at T$75 per room. [8]

• Fafa Island resort. Thirteen fales, or bungalows, on this small coral island with plenty of beach just to the north of Nuku'alofa. Expensive at around T$250 for a double fale per night.[9]
• Royal Sunset Island Resort is located on ‘Atata Island, a 100-acre island. It is a 30 minutes Boat Ride to the northwest of Nuku’alofa.The resort has around 20 fales and is located on the southern tip of 'Atata island, which has a village and two churches. Single or double T$250-330 a night.
• Little Italy Hotel. New hotel with 22 rooms on the seafront close to the Royal Palace in Nuku'alofa. T$230-260 for a double. [10]
• Royal Tonga International Hotel. New 78-roomed hotel close to the airport although why anyone would want to stay close to the airport is not clear. T$180-250 for a double.[11]

Eat

For a small town, Nuku'alofa offers a decent range of restaurants and bars. Expect to pay 15-40 Pa'anga for a main course in a restaurant and about 5 Pa'anga for a takeaway at one of the roadside sellers. Seafood is usually good.

The Oholei beach dinner and show is set in Hina cave on the beach on the south-east side of Tongatapu, near the airport. It includes a Tongan dinner and a traditional show (inside a limestone cave). The cost is about T$30 each and can be booked from the Tonga Visitors Center. Transport is extra. Make sure you understant the travel arrangements when you make the booking e.g. where and when to be picked up.

• Friend's Cafe, Taufa'ahua Road, Nuku'alofa, ☎ (676) 22390. The main place for tourists on Tongatapu. Serves coffee, tea, and excellent breakfast. Try the vanilla french toast. The milk shakes are also very good. There is an adjacent souvenir shop, information desk, and computers for internet access  edit

Most restaurants and eateries are closed on Sunday but there are a couple of Chinese restaurants which are open Sunday.

Stay safe

Tongatapu is very safe but the usual travel precautions apply. Don't flash expensive cameras and jewelry and don't leave passports, money, clothes, etc. lying around in hotel rooms. If you're staying with locals (there is a good chance you'll be invited to stay at someone's home on Tongatapu) take your valuables with you during the day and secure them at night

Tongan drivers are sometimes erratic so watch out. Asking for a helmet when you hire a bicycle is advisable. Dogs can be a nuisance especially in some areas outside of the capital.

Water that crashes over the reefs into the lagoons is sucked back out again through gaps in the reefs. Be careful when snorkelling that you don't get caught in one of these channels of water heading for open sea or you could be seriously damaged by the coral.

Contact

There are several internet cafes in town. The Friend's Cafe is most expensive at about T$8 an hour and some places charge as low as T$2 an hour. Avoid inserting camera cards into the slots due to the risk of viruses. Use Skype to call overseas because it's about T$1 per minute if you buy a phone card.

• Australia, Salote Road Nuku’alofa, ☎ 676 23244 (ahctonga@dfat.gov.au), [12].  edit

Get out

There are flights and ferries to Vava'u, and Ha'apai. None of these services operates on Sunday.

'Eua Island is located only 17.5km east-southeast from Tongatapu. It is the highest island in Tonga and is not related geologically to the other islands, being much older. It has beaches on the western side but dramatic cliffs on the east coast, with Tonga’s largest tropical rain forest, which is a great place to go trekking.

‘Eua is just an eight-minute flight from Tongatapu on Chathams Pacific Airline [13]. There is also a ferry that leaves from Nuku’alofa at 12.30 in the afternoon on Tuesdays, Thursdays, Fridays and Saturdays. Cost is T$25. The ferry can get rather crowded, so be early.

• The Hideaway, ☎ (00676) 50 255 (hideawayeua@gmail.com, fax: (00676) 50 128), [14]. Six rooms and two traditional fales on a beach from where dolphins and whales can sometimes be seen. Tours round the island are organized. T$55-70 for a double.  edit

• Taina’s Place, ☎ 676.65002 (tainasplace@gmail.com), [15]. On eight acres of land close to the rain forest. Camping T$20;dorm T$25; double T$55; family house T$100.  edit

• High Light Guest House, ☎ (676) 50.143, [16]. Four rooms in a house in the center of the island. T$50 for a double.  edit