# Encyclopedia

Population density (people per km²) by country, 2006
World population from 1800 to 2100, based on UN 2004 projections (red, orange, green) and US Census Bureau historical estimates (black).
As of 19 March 2010, the human population of the world is estimated by the United States Census Bureau to be 6,809,300,000.[1] The United Nations estimated the Earth's human population to be 6,800,000,000 in 2009.[2] The world population has been growing continuously since the end of the Black Death around 1400.[3]
.The fastest rates of world population growth (increases above 1.8% per year) were seen briefly during the 1950s then for a longer period during the 1960s and 1970s (see graph).^ World population increase World population increase .

^ Average exponential rate of growth of the population over a given period.
• World Population Prospects: The 2008 Revision Population Database 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC esa.un.org [Source type: Academic]

^ I am it will be populated at the birth rate we see today.
• World Muslim Population hits 1.57B ; 28 million in Ethiopia 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC nazret.com [Source type: General]

The 2008 rate of growth has almost halved since its peak of 2.2% per year, which was reached in 1963.
.Annual births have levelled at about 134 million per year since their peak at 163 million in the late 1990s and are expected to remain constant.^ But we take in about a million immigrants a year.
• NOVA | Transcripts | World in the Balance: The People Paradox | PBS 16 September 2009 0:39 UTC www.pbs.org [Source type: Original source]

^ In response to his pleas, fertility levels climbed, pushing Iran’s annual population growth to peak at 4.2 percent in the early 1980s, a level approaching the biological maximum.

^ Print this The world population is still increasing and has now reached more than 5.9 billion, according to the most recent United Nations (U.N.) estimates [1].However, the global annual increment – that is, the number of people added to the world’s population each year – is thought to have peaked between 1985 and 1990 at about 87 million per year.
• Population growth: Stabilization | World Resources Institute 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC www.wri.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

However, deaths are only around 57 million per year, and are expected to increase to 90 million by the year 2050. Because births outnumber deaths, the world's population is expected to reach nine billion in 2040,[4][5] or by 2050.[2]
.The rapid increase in human population over the course of the 20th century has raised concerns about whether Earth is experiencing overpopulation.^ The human population of the earth is likely to decline.

^ The 20th century saw the biggest increase in the world's population in human history.
• World population at AllExperts 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC en.allexperts.com [Source type: Academic]

^ In 2005 the Earth population was about 6.66x10 9 .
• World Population and Global Warming 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC www.roperld.com [Source type: Academic]

.The scientific consensus is that the current population expansion and accompanying increase in usage of resources is linked to threats to the ecosystem.^ For example, the fertility of Mexico is 2.8 4 and the U.N. Population Division projects Mexico's population to grow from its current 100 million to 140 million within the next 50 years, a 40% increase.
• U.S. birth rates, population growth, and the environment - SUSPS 16 September 2009 0:39 UTC www.susps.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

^ And a full 96 percent of the annual population increase occurs in developing countries, including most of those places where overcrowding and resource depletion already are a problem.
• Population 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC bioweb.wku.edu [Source type: News]

^ The current scientific consensus is that most global warming since 1950 is most likely attributable to human activities .
• Population and Arable Land 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC one-simple-idea.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

[6]

## Population figures

.A dramatic population bottleneck is theorized for the period around 70,000 BC (see Toba catastrophe theory).^ Other European Countries: Belgium, Italy, and the Netherlands each have Jewish population ranging around 30,000.
• World Jewish Population | Latest Statistics 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC www.simpletoremember.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

^ The worst was in north-western Turkey two months ago, when more than 16,000 died in the densely populated area around Izmit.
• Animal Protection 18 September 2009 1:43 UTC trec.nist.gov [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

^ In Panel (b), we see that low-income nations had a much higher rate of population growth during the 1975–2005 period.
• Population Growth and Economic Development | Flat World Knowledge 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC www.flatworldknowledge.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
• Population Growth and Economic Development | Flat World Knowledge 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC www.flatworldknowledge.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

.After this time and until the development of agriculture, it is estimated that the world population stabilized at about one million people whose subsistence entailed hunting and foraging, a lifestyle that by its nature ensured a low population density.^ The population at the time of Christ was assumed to be 300 million people.
• World Population Since Creation 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC ldolphin.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
• World Population since Creation 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC www.spiritrestoration.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

^ This number represents about 23% of an estimated 2009 world population of 6.8 billion people.
• World Muslim Population hits 1.57B ; 28 million in Ethiopia 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC nazret.com [Source type: General]

^ Estimate when the world's population is predicted to reach 8 billion people?
• Modelling the Growth of the World 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC www.blackgold.ca [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

.It is estimated that more than 55 million people lived in the combined eastern and western Roman Empire (AD 300–400).^ Each 100 million has been added more quickly than the last.
• Population Reference Bureau PRB Discuss 16 September 2009 0:39 UTC discuss.prb.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

^ The population grew more than 80 million people in 1997.
• The Exploding Population: World Population and its Impact 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC www.dhushara.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

^ There are more than 200 million Muslims living there.
• Study: Muslims = Quarter of World Population - World - CBN News - Christian News 24-7 - CBN.com 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC www.cbn.com [Source type: News]

[7] .The Plague of Justinian caused Europe's population to drop by around 50% between 541 and the 700s.^ If we consider all the issues that plague counting the Jewish populations around the world, we are probably missing millions of Jews in our official counts.
• Be'chol Lashon: Population: How Many Jews Are in the World Today? 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC www.bechollashon.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

^ The populations of all industrialized countries except the U.S. are beginning to shrink, with notable drops expected over the next 30 years in Japan, Europe, and, especially, Russia.
• AEGiS-VOA: Population and Our Changing World 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC www.aegis.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

^ The population has risen between 1980 and 2000 from 4.4 billion to 6.1 billion and food production increased 50%.
• Sustainability:
Agriculture & Forests of WOA!! - World Population Awareness and World Overpopulation Awareness
28 January 2010 1:11 UTC www.population-awareness.net [Source type: News]

[8] .The population of Europe was more than 70 million in 1340.[9] The Black Death pandemic in the 14th century may have reduced the world's population from an estimated 450 million to between 350 and 375 million in 1400.[10] It took roughly 200 years for Europe's population to regain its 1340 level.^ U.S. population reached 200 million.

^ In the past 10 years, the U.S. population has grown from 263 million to 300 million.
• AEGiS-VOA: Population and Our Changing World 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC www.aegis.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

^ The estimated population of the world in 2002 is 6.3 billion ( Table 1.1 1 ) and it is increasing by 78 million each year.
• Demographic facts for the world population : Cancer Research UK 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC info.cancerresearchuk.org [Source type: News]

[11]
.At the founding of the Ming dynasty in 1368, China's population was reported to be close to 60 million, and toward the end of the dynasty in 1644 it might have approached 150 million.^ The United Nations Population Division, in a new report, also projected that deaths would outstrip births in most of the globe's poor nations before the end of the 21st century.
• U.N. Cuts Back Its World Population Projection - NYTimes.com 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC www.nytimes.com [Source type: News]

^ Six countries account for the 77 million people added to the population each year since 2000: India, China, Pakistan, Nigeria, the United States and Bangladesh.
• World's Population Reaches 6.5 Billion 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC globalag.igc.org [Source type: News]

^ China, with more than 1.3 billion is the most populous country followed closely by India with nearly 1.2 billion people.
• World Population to Hit 7B by 2011 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC www.myfoxny.com [Source type: News]
• World Population to Hit 7B by 2011 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC www.myfoxtwincities.com [Source type: News]

[12][13] .England's population reached an estimated 5.6 million in 1650, up from an estimated 2.6 million in 1500.[14] New crops that had come to Asia and Europe from the Americas via the Spanish colonizers in the 16th century contributed to the population growth.^ U.S. population reached 200 million.

^ By 1500 A.D. the estimated population of the earth was 500 million.
• Awesome Library - Science - Ecology - World Population 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC www.awesomelibrary.org [Source type: News]

^ Much of the U.S. population growth comes from immigration.
• World Population To Hit 7 Billion By 2012 - CBS News 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC www.cbsnews.com [Source type: News]
• World Population To Hit 7 Billion By 2012 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC www.huffingtonpost.com [Source type: General]
• FOXNews.com - World population to hit 7 billion in 2012 - Local News | News Articles | National News | US News 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC www.foxnews.com [Source type: News]

[15][16] .Since being introduced by Portuguese traders in the 16th century,[17] maize and manioc have replaced traditional African crops as the continent’s most important staple food crops.^ Genes from wild relatives of our crop plants appear to be one of the most promising avenues for achieving safe, sustainable yield gains for the 21st century.
• population | Center for Global Food Issues 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

^ African governments are eager to get capital into agriculture since most African farmers lack money for fertilizer, basic tools, fuel and transport infrastructure to efficiently grow crops and get them to market.
• Sustainability:
Agriculture & Forests of WOA!! - World Population Awareness and World Overpopulation Awareness
28 January 2010 1:11 UTC www.population-awareness.net [Source type: News]

^ Religious tolerance is one of the most important evidence to our centuries old enlightened civilization and lets keep it alive for the generations to come.
• World Muslim Population hits 1.57B ; 28 million in Ethiopia 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC nazret.com [Source type: General]

[18] Alfred W. Crosby speculated that increased production of maize, manioc, and other American crops "...enabled the slave traders [who] drew many, perhaps most, of their cargoes from the rain forest areas, precisely those areas where American crops enabled heavier settlement than before."[19]
.
Scholars estimate that between 900,000 and 18 million people inhabited North America north of present-day Mexico at the time of European contact.
^ Mexico City, Mexico - 18,131,000 3.
• City Populations � World City Population, Biggest Largest Cities in the World - Worldatlas.com 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC www.worldatlas.com [Source type: News]

^ North and South America had 5.5 million Jews.
• Be'chol Lashon: Population: How Many Jews Are in the World Today? 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC www.bechollashon.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

^ The world population is currently growing at an amazing 211,000 people per day (as of year 2006; that's 77 million per year; or about 1 billion per 13 years; that's all births less deaths per day) !
• Population and Arable Land 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC one-simple-idea.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

[20]
Urban areas with at least one million inhabitants in 2006. In 1800, only 3% of the world's population lived in cities, a figure that has risen to 47% by the end of the twentieth century.
.Encounters between European explorers and populations in the rest of the world often introduced local epidemics of extraordinary virulence.^ Over the past 60 years, while birth rates in the rest of the developing world declined by half, Africas population quadrupled to one billion, an ...
• World Population Articles, Posts, Blogs, Videos - Technorati 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC technorati.com [Source type: General]

^ These two countries alone contributed more than 35% of the growth in the population of the world between 1995-2000 1 .
• Demographic facts for the world population : Cancer Research UK 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC info.cancerresearchuk.org [Source type: News]
• Demographic facts for the world population : Cancer Research UK 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC info.cancerresearchuk.org [Source type: News]

^ The population-equivalent of New York City (~8 million people) is added to the rest of world population each month .
• V1003 Science and Society - World Population 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC www.ldeo.columbia.edu [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

.Archaeological evidence indicates that the death of 90 to 95% of the Native American population of the New World was caused by Old World diseases such as smallpox, measles, and influenza.^ New report on the State of the World Population .
• New report on the State of the World Population 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC www.unaids.org [Source type: News]

^ The old litany was that the world was going to over populate itself to death.

^ The United Nations Population Division, in a new report, also projected that deaths would outstrip births in most of the globe's poor nations before the end of the 21st century.
• U.N. Cuts Back Its World Population Projection - NYTimes.com 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC www.nytimes.com [Source type: News]

[21] .Over the centuries, the Europeans had developed high degrees of immunity to these diseases, while the indigenous peoples had no such immunity.^ POPULATION/RUSSIA - No country faces as severe a population decline as Russia - from 144 million people now to 101 million people by mid-century, according to predictions by population scholars.
• AEGiS-VOA: Population and Our Changing World 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC www.aegis.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

^ The indigenous people of these areas are working with the environment to develop new sustenance for themselves and others.
• Sustainability:
Agriculture & Forests of WOA!! - World Population Awareness and World Overpopulation Awareness
28 January 2010 1:11 UTC www.population-awareness.net [Source type: News]

^ The Pope has no objection to keeping people alive as long as possible and with our medical advances this has caused the average life expectancy to double in the past century.

[22]
.During the Agricultural and Industrial Revolutions, the life expectancy of children increased dramatically.^ Life expectancy will continue to increase.
• Population growth: Stabilization | World Resources Institute 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC www.wri.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

^ It has fuelled the machinery and farming practices of modern agriculture, dramatically increasing produce yields, temporarily delaying the Malthusian prediction of famine.
• Zone5 » Bursting point: The World’s Unsustainable Population 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC zone5.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

^ Developing countries have halved the life expectancy gap with industrialized countries over the past 40 years.
• Population growth: Stabilization | World Resources Institute 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC www.wri.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

[23] .The percentage of the children born in London who died before the age of five decreased from 74.5% in 1730-1749 to 31.8% in 1810-1829.[24][25] Europe’s population doubled during the 18th century, from roughly one hundred million to almost two hundred million, and doubled again during the 19th century.^ Before the 18th century, the world's population was les...
• Questions about World Population Growth Rate - Ask.com 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC www.ask.com [Source type: General]

^ Europe’s population will decrease from 732 million to 691 million.
• State of World Population 2009 by the U.N. Population Fund | RHRealityCheck.org 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC www.rhrealitycheck.org [Source type: News]

^ Population aged 15-24 .
• World Population Prospects: The 2008 Revision Population Database 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC esa.un.org [Source type: Academic]

[26] .The population growth became more rapid after the introduction of compulsory vaccination and improvements in medicine and sanitation.^ This favors rapid (exponential) growth of the population.
• Radcliffe's IPM World Textbook | CFANS | University of Minnesota. 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC ipmworld.umn.edu [Source type: Academic]

^ These two countries alone contributed more than 35% of the growth in the population of the world between 1995-2000 1 .
• Demographic facts for the world population : Cancer Research UK 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC info.cancerresearchuk.org [Source type: News]

^ More than 90 percent of this growth will be concentrated in the poorest developing countries, where many of the world’s remaining wild places are found and where governments have the lowest capacity to respond to rapid changes in population and the environment.
• WWF - Community Action - Population, Health and Environment 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC www.worldwildlife.org [Source type: News]

[27][28][29] .As living conditions and health care improved during the 19th century, the United Kingdom's population doubled every fifty years.^ In 27 years, Africa's population has doubled.

^ The population doubles every 12 years.
• World Jewish Population | Latest Statistics 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC www.simpletoremember.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

^ Population growth continued to increase at three to four percent per year—enough to double a country’s population whereas death rates decreased.
• Is Our World Population Ready to Pop? 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC student.skagerak.org [Source type: General]

[30] .By 1801 the population of England had grown to 8.3 million, and by 1901 had grown to 30.5 million.^ In the past 10 years, the U.S. population has grown from 263 million to 300 million.
• AEGiS-VOA: Population and Our Changing World 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC www.aegis.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

^ Sub-Saharan Africa's population has grown faster than any region over the past 30 years, despite the millions of deaths from the AIDS pandemic.
• Sustainability:
Agriculture & Forests of WOA!! - World Population Awareness and World Overpopulation Awareness
28 January 2010 1:11 UTC www.population-awareness.net [Source type: News]

^ In Africa farm holdings have shrunk as the population has grown, and per capita yields have fallen by as much as 30% over the last three decades.
• Sustainability:
Agriculture & Forests of WOA!! - World Population Awareness and World Overpopulation Awareness
28 January 2010 1:11 UTC www.population-awareness.net [Source type: News]

[31]
.The population of the Indian subcontinent, which stood at about 125 million in 1750, had reached 389 million by 1941.[32] Today, the region is home to 1.5 billion people.^ U.S. population reached 200 million.

^ Today, it reaches about 6.5 billion.

^ The world population in 1804 was 1.0 billion people.
• Population and Arable Land 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC one-simple-idea.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

[33] .The total number of inhabitants of Java increased from about five million in 1815 to more than 130 million in the early 21st century.^ Each has a fertility rate of more than five.
• The World's New Numbers 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC www.wilsoncenter.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

^ Print this The world population is still increasing and has now reached more than 5.9 billion, according to the most recent United Nations (U.N.) estimates [1].However, the global annual increment – that is, the number of people added to the world’s population each year – is thought to have peaked between 1985 and 1990 at about 87 million per year.
• Population growth: Stabilization | World Resources Institute 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC www.wri.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

^ The late 20th-early 21st century experience with kleptocracies,…both the “sophisticated” kind on Wall Street and world markets and the more basic, brutal types in sub-Saharan Africa,….also offer no reasonable solutions.
• A long view of world population - The Long Now Blog 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC blog.longnow.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

[34] .Mexico's population has grown from 13.6 million in 1900 to about 112 million in 2009.[35] In eighty years, Kenya's population has grown from 2.9 million to thirty-seven million.^ In the past 10 years, the U.S. population has grown from 263 million to 300 million.
• AEGiS-VOA: Population and Our Changing World 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC www.aegis.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

^ Kenya currently has a population of 39 million.
• UNDERNEWS: WORLD'S POPULATION WILL DOUBLE IN NEXT 40 YEARS AT CURRENT BIRTHRATES 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC prorev.com [Source type: General]

^ A generation is thus about 35 years.
• World Population Since Creation 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC ldolphin.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
• World Population since Creation 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC www.spiritrestoration.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
• A Study of World Population since Creation 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC www.everlastinglifeministries.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

[36]

## Population growth tables

.Below is a table with historical and predicted population figures shown in millions.^ Kenneth W. Harl, tulane.edu) Below is a table with historical and predicted population figures shown in millions.
• The Authentic And Official Earth Flag :: View topic - World Population 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC earthflag.net [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

^ The population figures in the table below are in thousands.
• World population at AllExperts 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC en.allexperts.com [Source type: Academic]

^ The table below shows world population trends by age and sex (at 1995 and projected for 2025) comparing developed and developing countries.
• UNSW Embryo - Statistics - World Population Trends 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC embryology.med.unsw.edu.au [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

[37][38][39][40]
.The availability of historical population figures varies by region.^ The availability of historical population figures varies by region.
• The Authentic And Official Earth Flag :: View topic - World Population 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC earthflag.net [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

^ Variables include population for each year between 1950-1975, plus the figures for birth, death, and growth rates in 1975.
• World Population, 1950-1975 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC www.icpsr.umich.edu [Source type: Academic]

^ For different regions, the date and size of the peak population will vary considerably.
• The end of world population growth Nature 412, 543 - 545 2aug01 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC www.mindfully.org [Source type: Academic]
• Access : The end of world population growth : Nature 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC www.nature.com [Source type: Academic]

World historical and predicted populations (in millions)[41]
Region 1750 1800 1850 1900 1950 1999 2008 2050 2100 2150 2200+
World 791 978 1,262 1,650 2,521 5,978 6,707 8,909 9,460 9,746 10,000
Africa 106 107 111 133 221 767 973 1,766 2,308
Asia 502 635 809 947 1,402 3,634 4,054 5,268 5,561
Europe 163 203 276 408 547 729 732 628 517
Latin America and the Caribbean[Note 1] 16 24 38 74 167 511 577 809 912
Northern America[Note 1] 2 7 26 82 172 307 337 392 398
Oceania 2 2 2 6 13 30 34 46 51
World historical and predicted populations by percentage distribution[citation needed]
Region 1750 1800 1850 1900 1950 1999 2008 2050 2100 2150 2200+
World 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100
Africa 13.4 10.9 8.8 8.1 8.8 12.8 14.5 19.8 23.7
Asia 63.5 64.9 64.1 57.4 55.6 60.8 60.4 59.1 57.1
Europe 20.6 20.8 21.9 24.7 21.7 12.2 10.9 7.0 5.3
Latin America and the Caribbean[Note 1] 2.0 2.5 3.0 4.5 6.6 8.5 8.6 9.1 9.4
Northern America[Note 1] 0.3 0.7 2.1 5.0 6.8 5.1 5.0 4.4 4.1
Oceania 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5
Estimated world population at various dates (in millions)[citation needed]
Year World Africa Asia Europe Latin America[Note 1] Northern America[Note 1] Oceania Notes
70,000 BC < 1 [42]
10,000 BC 1
9000 BC 3
8000 BC 5 [43]
7000 BC 7
6000 BC 10
5000 BC 15
4000 BC 20
3000 BC 25
2000 BC 35
1000 BC 50 [43]
500 BC 100 [43]
1 200 [44]
1000 310
1750 791 106 502 163 16 2 2
1800 978 107 635 203 24 7 2
1850 1,262 111 809 276 38 26 2
1900 1,650 133 947 408 74 82 6
1950 2,519 221 1,398 547 167 172 12.8
1955 2,756 247 1,542 575 191 187 14.3
1960 2,982 277 1,674 601 209 204 15.9
1965 3,335 314 1,899 634 250 219 17.6
1970 3,692 357 2,143 656 285 232 19.4
1975 4,068 408 2,397 675 322 243 21.5
1980 4,435 470 2,632 692 361 256 22.8
1985 4,831 542 2,887 706 401 269 24.7
1990 5,263 622 3,168 721 441 283 26.7
1995 5,674 707 3,430 727 481 299 28.9
2000 6,070 796 3,680 728 520 316 31.0
2005 6,454 888 3,917 725 558 332 32.9
Jul. 1, 2008 6,707 973 4,054 732 577 337 34.3 [1]
Year World Africa Asia Europe Latin America[Note 1] Northern America[Note 1] Oceania Notes
1. ^ a b c d e f g h Northern America comprises the northern countries and territories of North America: Canada, the United States, Greenland, Bermuda, and St. Pierre and Miquelon. Latin America comprises Middle America (Mexico, the nations of Central America, and the Caribbean) and South America.
.The figures for North and Central America only refer to post-European contact settlers, and not native populations from before European settlement.^ As European settlers expanded across North America.
• 98.07.06: The World Population Explosion 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC www.cis.yale.edu [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

^ There would be 61 Asians, 12 Europeans, 13 Africans, 9 would be from South America and the Caribbean, and 5 from North America including Canada.
• Nations Online, World Population by continents andcountries 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC www.nationsonline.org [Source type: News]

^ According to the Worldwatch Institute, the 12 percent of the world’s population that lives in North America and Western Europe accounts for 60 percent of private consumption spending, while the one-third living in South Asia and sub-Saharan Africa accounts for only 3.2 percent.
• Zone5 » Bursting point: The World’s Unsustainable Population 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC zone5.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

## Rate of increase

Population evolution in different continents. The vertical axis is logarithmic and is millions of people.
.Different regions have different rates of population growth.^ Population size and growth rate.

^ Population growth rate as a function of time.
• Projection of World Population 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC arts.bev.net [Source type: Academic]

^ Two facts confirm the trend: Firstly, the yearly growth rate of the population reached its peak in 1963 with 2.19% ( That is to say a doubling every 35 years ).

According to the above table, the growth in population of the different regions from 2000 to 2005 was:
237.771 million in Asia
92.293 million in Africa
38.052 million in Latin America
16.241 million in Northern America
3.264 million in Europe
1.955 million in Oceania
383.047 million in the whole world
.In the 20th century, the world saw the biggest increase in its population in human history due to lessening of the mortality rate in many countries due to medical advances and massive increase in agricultural productivity attributed to the Green Revolution.^ What forces are responsible for the world's human population?

^ World wheat production will increase 8% this year.
• Sustainability:
Agriculture & Forests of WOA!! - World Population Awareness and World Overpopulation Awareness
28 January 2010 1:11 UTC www.population-awareness.net [Source type: News]

^ World Population: Challenges for the 21st Century .
• What'S The Population Of The World - Shop Smarter.com 16 September 2009 0:39 UTC www.smarter.com [Source type: General]

[46][47][48]
.In 2000, the United Nations estimated that the world's population was growing at the rate of 1.14% (or about seventy-five million people) per year,[49] down from a peak of eighty-eight million per year in 1989. In the last few centuries, the number of people living on Earth has increased many times over.^ The population at the time of Christ was assumed to be 300 million people.
• World Population Since Creation 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC ldolphin.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
• World Population since Creation 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC www.spiritrestoration.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

^ Islam is growing about 2.9% per year.

^ This number represents about 23% of an estimated 2009 world population of 6.8 billion people.
• World Muslim Population hits 1.57B ; 28 million in Ethiopia 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC nazret.com [Source type: General]

.By the year 2000, there were ten times as many people on Earth as there were three hundred years ago.^ I have been there many times.
• US cities may have to be bulldozed in order to survive - Telegraph 18 September 2009 1:43 UTC www.telegraph.co.uk [Source type: General]

^ By the year 2000, there were 2,600.
• World Jewish Population | Latest Statistics 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC www.simpletoremember.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
• Jewish Temples - World Jewish Population and Temple Directory 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC jewishtemples.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

^ Ten years ago our people wouldn't have even said it.
• NOVA | Transcripts | World in the Balance: The People Paradox | PBS 16 September 2009 0:39 UTC www.pbs.org [Source type: Original source]

.According to data from the CIA's 2005–2006 World Factbooks, the world human population increased by an average of 203,800 people every day.^ World Population Day focuses .
• ESL Holiday Lessons.com: World Population Day 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC www.eslholidaylessons.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

^ The world population will increase by 2.5 Billion between 2005 and 2100.

^ What forces are responsible for the world's human population?

[50] The CIA Factbook increased this to 211,090 people every day in 2007, and again to 220,980 people every day in 2009.
Map of countries and territories by fertility rate
.Globally, the population growth rate has been steadily declining from its peak of 2.19% in 1963, but growth remains high in Latin America, the Middle East and Sub-Saharan Africa.^ The Middle East with fertility rates at 3.5 will also se very high birth rates.
• The Exploding Population: World Population and its Impact 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC www.dhushara.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

^ Are there countries in sub-Saharan Africa where population growth rates have fallen and, if so, what makes them different from the rest?
• Population Reference Bureau PRB Discuss 16 September 2009 0:39 UTC discuss.prb.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

^ Population size and growth rate.

[51]
In some countries there is negative population growth (i.e. net decrease in population over time), especially in Central and Eastern Europe (mainly due to low fertility rates). .Within the next decade, Japan and some countries in Western Europe are also expected to encounter negative population growth due to sub-replacement fertility rates.^ And in some developed countries, the fertility rate continues to drop.
• population | Center for Global Food Issues 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

^ Some muslim countries will have exponential rates of growth until 2100.

^ Within the Jewish population, the Hareidim as well as the Ethiopians have a growth rate of 3.5%.
• World Jewish Population | Latest Statistics 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC www.simpletoremember.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

.In 2006, the United Nations stated that the rate of population growth is diminishing due to the demographic transition.^ Understand the effect of the rate of population growth upon the state of Connecticut.
• 98.07.06: The World Population Explosion 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC www.cis.yale.edu [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

^ Population size and growth rate.

^ Calculate the population growth rate for the state of Connecticut from 1970 to 1990.
• 98.07.06: The World Population Explosion 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC www.cis.yale.edu [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

.If this trend continues, the rate of growth may diminish to zero, concurrent with a world population plateau of 9.2 billion, in 2050.[52] However, this is only one of many estimates published by the UN. In 2009, UN projections for 2050 range from about 8 billion to 10.5 billion.^ This number represents about 23% of an estimated 2009 world population of 6.8 billion people.
• World Muslim Population hits 1.57B ; 28 million in Ethiopia 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC nazret.com [Source type: General]

^ The UN expects the world's population to pass the 9 billion mark by 2050.
• Sustainability:
Agriculture & Forests of WOA!! - World Population Awareness and World Overpopulation Awareness
28 January 2010 1:11 UTC www.population-awareness.net [Source type: News]

^ World population growth .
• World population growth | Environment | guardian.co.uk 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC www.guardian.co.uk [Source type: News]

[53]

### Models

Hoerner (1975) proposed the following formula:[54]
$N = \frac{C}{T_0-T}$
where
• N is current population
• T is the current year
• C = 2·1011
• T0 = 2025
which represents hyperbolic growth with an infinite population in 2025.
According to Kapitsa (1997)[55], the population grew between 67,000 BC and 1965, and the world population growth formula is:
$N = \frac{C}{ au} \arccot \frac{T_0-T}{ au}$
where
• N is current population
• T is the current year
• C = (1.86±0.01)·1011
• T0 = 2007±1
• τ = 42±1
.The transition from hyperboles to slower rates of growth is related to the demographic transition.^ In Panel (b), we see that high-income nations had much slower rates of population growth than did middle- and low-income nations over the last 30 years.
• Population Growth and Economic Development | Flat World Knowledge 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC www.flatworldknowledge.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
• Population Growth and Economic Development | Flat World Knowledge 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC www.flatworldknowledge.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

^ A demographic transition is achieved when rising incomes begin to reduce birth rates and bring population growth in check.
• Population Growth and Economic Development | Flat World Knowledge 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC www.flatworldknowledge.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
• Population Growth and Economic Development | Flat World Knowledge 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC www.flatworldknowledge.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

^ Uncertainties The main uncertainties are related to the demographic transition theory itself: Why should the fall of the fertility rate always follow the fall of the mortality rate?

### Milestones

World population estimates milestones
Population
(in billions)
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Year 1804 1927 1960 1974 1987 1999 2012 2025 2040
Years elapsed 123 33 14 13 12 13 13 15
The population of the world reached one billion in 1804, two billion in 1927, three billion in 1960, four billion in 1974, five billion in 1987, and six billion in 1999. The population of the world is projected to reach seven billion in 2011 or 2012, eight billion in 2025, and nine billion in 2040 or 2050.
.There is no estimation on the exact day or month the world's population surpassed both the one and two billion marks.^ The UN expects the world's population to pass the 9 billion mark by 2050.
• Sustainability:
Agriculture & Forests of WOA!! - World Population Awareness and World Overpopulation Awareness
28 January 2010 1:11 UTC www.population-awareness.net [Source type: News]

^ World Population to Hit 7 Billion by 2012 .
• Fund My Mutual Fund: World Population to Hit 7 Billion by 2012 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC www.fundmymutualfund.com [Source type: News]

^ No one in 1900 thought there were too few people in the world.
• Consumption Dwarfs Population as Main Environmental Threat by Fred Pearce: Yale Environment 360 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC e360.yale.edu [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

.The day of three and four billion were not officially celebrated, but the International Database of the United States Census Bureau places them in July 1959 and April 1974. The United Nations did determine, and celebrate, the "Day of 5 Billion" (11 July 1987), and the "Day of 6 Billion" (12 October 1999).^ Locate places in the United States.
• 98.07.06: The World Population Explosion 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC www.cis.yale.edu [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

^ Note: The Day of 6 Billion was originally anticipated in July 1999.
• Animal Protection 18 September 2009 1:43 UTC trec.nist.gov [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

^ If wealth were a function of population size, China and India each would be three to four times as rich as the United States and more affluent than all the nations of Europe combined, Africa's wealth would outstrip that of North America or Europe, and Yemen would be three times as well off as Israel.
• Why Population Matters of WOA!! World Population Awareness 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC www.overpopulation.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

.The International Programs division of the United States Census Bureau estimated that the world reached six billion on 21 April 1999 (several months earlier than the official United Nations day).^ In addition to the World Population Prospects, published every two years, the United Nations periodically prepares...
• What'S The Population Of The World - Shop Smarter.com 16 September 2009 0:39 UTC www.smarter.com [Source type: General]

^ Magnitude of the problems posed by human population growth can be seen from the fact that it took more than 1 million years for the human population to first reach 200,000 (the current daily rate of increase (See: US Census, Historical Estimates of World Population ).
• Radcliffe's IPM World Textbook | CFANS | University of Minnesota. 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC ipmworld.umn.edu [Source type: Academic]

^ Or, put another way, the global population of those over 60 is expected to more than double and surpass 1 billion by 2030, and reach nearly 2 billion by 2050.
• Nu Skin: Rapid Aging of World Population Portends Strong Future Growth -- Seeking Alpha 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC seekingalpha.com [Source type: General]

The "Day of 7 Billion" has been targeted by the United States Census Bureau to be in July 2012,[56] while the Population Division of the United Nations suggests some time in late 2011.[2]

### Years for population to double

.Using linear interpolation of the UNDESA estimates, the world population has been doubled or will double in the following years (with two different starting points).^ In 27 years, Africa's population has doubled.

^ Interp: Estimate interpolated from adjacent population estimates.
• World Population Since Creation 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC ldolphin.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
• World Population since Creation 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC www.spiritrestoration.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
• A Study of World Population since Creation 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC www.everlastinglifeministries.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

^ The population doubles every 12 years.
• World Jewish Population | Latest Statistics 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC www.simpletoremember.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

.Note how, during the 2nd millennium, each doubling has taken roughly half as long as the previous doubling, fitting the hyperbolic growth model mentioned above.^ Population doubling time is useful to demonstrate the long-term effect of a growth rate, but should not be used to project population size.
• Population terminology - SUSPS 16 September 2009 0:39 UTC www.susps.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

^ Our basic philosophy in fitting a single peak to the population data is that the growth rate fluctuations are short term fluctuations on a long term smooth background.
• Projection of World Population 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC arts.bev.net [Source type: Academic]

^ I have once mentioned how they became the first Ethiopians to be exiled overseas because of certain decrees during the reign of Atse Yohanes.
• World Muslim Population hits 1.57B ; 28 million in Ethiopia 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC nazret.com [Source type: General]

.However, it is unlikely that there will be another doubling in the current century.^ Today, we're adding another billion people, and projections indicate that at the current rate of increase, world population will double again in just 47 years.
• 98.07.06: The World Population Explosion 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC www.cis.yale.edu [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

^ There could, however, be another explanation for this pattern.
• Beyond Six Billion: Forecasting the World's Population 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC www.nap.edu [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

[57]
Starting at 500 million
Population
(in billions)
0.5 1 2 4 8
Year 1500 1804 1927 1974 2025
Years elapsed 304 123 47 51
Starting at 375 million
Population
(in billions)
0.375 0.75 1.5 3 6
Year 1171 1715 1881 1960 1999
Years elapsed 544 166 79 39

## Distribution by region

Population density map of the world in 1994, when the world's population was 5.6 billion, short scale; Observe the high densities in the Indo-Gangetic and North China plains, the Sichuan Basin, the Nile river delta, Southern Japan, Western Europe, Java, and the Boston-Washington corridor.
.Asia accounts for over 60% of the world population with almost 3.8 billion people.^ Asia’s population will rise from 3 billion to 4 billion.
• population | Center for Global Food Issues 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

^ Currently, the world’s global population is about six billion people.
• population | Center for Global Food Issues 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

^ By 2030, the urban population is projected to reach 5 billion or 60% of the world’s population.
• Sustainability:
Agriculture & Forests of WOA!! - World Population Awareness and World Overpopulation Awareness
28 January 2010 1:11 UTC www.population-awareness.net [Source type: News]

.China and India together have about 40 percent of the world's population.^ Worried about the world's population?
• Urban Review STL » Blog Archive » With Limited World Resources, Now is the Time to Limit Population Growth 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC www.urbanreviewstl.com [Source type: Original source]

^ Especially high rates of population increase occur in India, China, and selected African countries (Brown, Harrison and Hutchings 51).
• Population Growth 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC www.umich.edu [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

^ Top right: Falling predictions 2002 may see the world population peak at about 8 billion by 2050 although many predictions still anticipate 10 billion.
• The Exploding Population: World Population and its Impact 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC www.dhushara.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

.Africa follows with 840 million people, 12% of the world's population.^ I have guessed the world population at the time of Abraham at 5 million.
• World Population Since Creation 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC ldolphin.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
• World Population since Creation 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC www.spiritrestoration.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
• A Study of World Population since Creation 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC www.everlastinglifeministries.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

^ The often cited figure of 800 million hungry or undernourished people offered in 1996 at the World Food Summit in Rome is a troubling figure indeed.
• population | Center for Global Food Issues 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

^ Lets populate the world with people for as long into the future as possible, by taking care that we limit population growth now" (Zuckerman 45).
• Population Growth 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC www.umich.edu [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

.Europe's 710 million people make up 11% of the world's population.^ Lets populate the world with people for as long into the future as possible, by taking care that we limit population growth now" (Zuckerman 45).
• Population Growth 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC www.umich.edu [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

^ More important, millions of people around the world could starve to death without U.S. food.
• Sustainability:
Agriculture & Forests of WOA!! - World Population Awareness and World Overpopulation Awareness
28 January 2010 1:11 UTC www.population-awareness.net [Source type: News]

^ The population at the time of Christ was assumed to be 300 million people.
• World Population Since Creation 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC ldolphin.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
• World Population since Creation 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC www.spiritrestoration.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

.North America is home to 514 million (8%), South America to 371 million (5.3%), and Australia to 21 million (0.3%).^ Antarctica and the Arctic Africa Asia Australia Central & South America Europe Middle East North America .
• Consumption Dwarfs Population as Main Environmental Threat by Fred Pearce: Yale Environment 360 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC e360.yale.edu [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

^ By 2025, there will be as many Christians in ­sub-­Saharan ­Africa—­some 640 ­million—­as in South America.
• The World's New Numbers 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC www.wilsoncenter.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

^ North and South America .
• World Jewish Population | Latest Statistics 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC www.simpletoremember.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

## Most populous nations

Map of countries by population
Population by region, 2007
The 16 countries with the largest total population:
Rank Country / Territory Population Date  % of world population Source
1  China[58] 1,336,450,000 March 19, 2010 19.63% Chinese Official Population Clock
2  India 1,178,240,000 March 19, 2010 17.3% Indian Official Population Clock
3  United States 308,898,000 March 19, 2010 4.54% United States Official Population Clock
4  Indonesia 231,369,500 3.4% Statistics Indonesia
5  Brazil 192,636,000 March 19, 2010 2.83% Brazilian Official Population Clock
6  Pakistan 169,010,500 March 19, 2010 2.48% Official Pakistani Population clock
7  Bangladesh 162,221,000 2009 2.38% UN estimate
8  Nigeria 154,729,000 2.27% UN estimate
9  Russia 141,927,297 January 1, 2010 2.08% Federal State Statistics Service of Russia
10  Japan 127,530,000 December 1, 2009 1.87% Official Japan Statistics Bureau
11  Mexico 107,550,697 1.58% INEGI estimate
12  Philippines 92,226,600 Mid-2009 1.35%
13  Vietnam 85,789,573 April 1, 2009 1.26% Preliminary 2009 census results
14  Germany 81,882,342 March 31, 2009 1.2% Federal Statistical Office
15  Ethiopia 79,221,000 July 2008 1.16%
16  Egypt 78,000,000 March 19, 2010 1.15% Official Egyptian Population clock
Approximately 4.54 billion people live in these sixteen countries, representing roughly two-thirds (66.7%) of the world's population as of February 2009.

#### Population density

The 10 most densely populated countries/regions
Rank Country/Region Population Area (km2) Density (Pop per km2) Notes
1 Monaco 32,719 1.95 16,779 [60]
2 Singapore 4,620,657 707.1 6,535
3 Vatican City 824 0.44 1,873 [61]
4 Maldives 385,375 298 1,293
5 Malta 404,032 316 1,279
6 Bahrain 723,967 665 1,089 [62]
7 Bangladesh 157,813,124 147,570 1,069 [63]
8 Palestinian territories 4,223,760 6,020 702
9 Nauru 13,918 21 663
10 Taiwan 22,955,395 36,190 634 [61]
Countries ranking in the top 40 both in terms of total population (more than 29 million people) and population density (more than 310 people per square kilometer):
Country Population Density (Pop. per km2) Notes
India 1,198,003,000 352.9 Second largest country in terms of population
Bangladesh 157,813,124 1,069.0 Largest fast growing country
Japan 127,170,110 336.5 Declining in population
Philippines 93,843,460 312.8 Fast growing country
South Korea 49,354,980 493.4 Steady in population

## Ethnicity

.The world is made up of thousands of ethnic groups.^ UK Fertility by Ethnic Group Richard Berthoud made some estimates for UK fertility by ethnic group in the UK 2001 ONS Population Trends 104, page 14.
• The World's New Numbers 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC www.wilsoncenter.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

.The single largest ethnic group on the planet by far is Han Chinese, which represents 19.73% of the global population.^ July 19, 1999 AP Chinese Ethnic Group Saying Good-bye to Out-of-date Farming Methods.
• Sustainability:
Agriculture & Forests of WOA!! - World Population Awareness and World Overpopulation Awareness
28 January 2010 1:11 UTC www.population-awareness.net [Source type: News]

^ While the U.S. represents about 1/20 of the global population, it consumes about 1/4 of the world's energy, and generates 5 times the world average of CO2 emissions.

^ While the planet’s population is expected to grow by about one billion people by 2020, the global middle class will swell by as many as 1.8 billion, with a third of this number residing in China.
• The World's New Numbers 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC www.wilsoncenter.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

[citation needed]

## Demographics of youth

Median age by country. A youth bulge is evident for Africa, and to a lesser extent for South and Southeast Asia and Central America.
Population pyramids for 4 stages of the demographic transition model
.According to the 2006 CIA World Factbook, around 27% of the world's population is below 15 years of age.^ In 27 years, Africa's population has doubled.

^ Worldwide, over a billion people are between ages 15 and 24, just entering or in the midst of their prime reproductive years.
• Animal Protection 18 September 2009 1:43 UTC trec.nist.gov [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

^ It is impossible to prove conclusively that the world fully populates itself in only a few thousand years.
• World Population Since Creation 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC ldolphin.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

[64]
.Before adding mortality rates, the 1990s saw the greatest number of raw births worldwide, especially in the years after 1995, despite the fact that the birth rate was not as high as in the 1960s.^ The world rate of population increase has fallen from 2.1% per annum to 1.3% but the overall increase is still continuing with large young populations with high birth rates.
• The Exploding Population: World Population and its Impact 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC www.dhushara.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

^ The rate of growth is well below the high of about 2.2 percent a year experienced 40 years ago.
• World Population Since Creation 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC ldolphin.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

^ The Middle East with fertility rates at 3.5 will also se very high birth rates.
• The Exploding Population: World Population and its Impact 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC www.dhushara.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

.In fact, because of the 163 million-per-year raw births after 1995, the time it took to reach the next 109 reached its fastest pace (only twelve years), as world population reached six billion people in 1999, when at the beginning of the decade, the reaching was designated for the year 2000, by most demographers.^ U.S. population reached 200 million.

^ On this basis the world population at the time of the Flood would have been 235 million people.
• World Population Since Creation 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC ldolphin.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

^ Instead of increasing 80 million a year, world population is "only" increasing by 78 million.
• Now We Are Six : In October, World Population Will Reach Six Billion. Can the Earth Carry the Load? (by Jim Motavalli) 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC www.emagazine.com [Source type: News]

.1985–1990 marked the period with the fastest yearly population change in world history.^ The good news is that the world currently experiences the lowest overall hunger and malnutrition rate as a percentage of the population in human history.
• population | Center for Global Food Issues 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

^ The UN expects the world's population to pass the 9 billion mark by 2050.
• Sustainability:
Agriculture & Forests of WOA!! - World Population Awareness and World Overpopulation Awareness
28 January 2010 1:11 UTC www.population-awareness.net [Source type: News]

^ "According to the United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA), in 1985 around 37 per cent of the total population in the developing world were children below the age of 15.
• The Exploding Population: World Population and its Impact 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC www.dhushara.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

.Even though the early 1960s had a greater growth rate than in the mid and late 1980s, the population change hovered around eighty-three million people in the five-year period, with an all-time growth change of nearly eighty-eight million in 1990. The reason is that the world's population was greater in the mid- and late-1980s (around five billion) than in the early 1960s (around three billion), which meant that the growth rate in the 1980s was no factor on the dramatic population change.^ The population at the time of Christ was assumed to be 300 million people.
• World Population Since Creation 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC ldolphin.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

^ If population growth is higher, than the food challenge will be even greater.
• population | Center for Global Food Issues 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

^ On this basis the world population at the time of the Flood would have been 235 million people.
• World Population Since Creation 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC ldolphin.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

## Forecast

UN (medium variant, 2008 rev.) and US Census Bureau (January 2010) estimates[65][66]
Year UN est
(millions)
Diff. US est
(millions)
Diff.
2000 6,115 - 6,084 -
2010 6,909 794 6,831 747
2020 7,675 766 7,558 727
2030 8,309 634 8,202 644
2040 8,801 492 8,749 547
2050 9,150 349 9,202 453
.In the long run, the future population growth of the world is difficult to predict and the UN and US Census Bureau give different estimates.^ To begin with, the World Bank and UN are not truly forecasting population growth.
• population | Center for Global Food Issues 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

^ Noting only in passing that Africa, Asia and Latin America will continue with sharp growth for several decades, the newspaper predicted that worldwide population will peak at seven billion by 2030 "and then begin a long descent."
• Now We Are Six : In October, World Population Will Reach Six Billion. Can the Earth Carry the Load? (by Jim Motavalli) 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC www.emagazine.com [Source type: News]

^ China is still below that figure at 2.1, while India and most of Africa (where the majority of future world population growth will take place) are at or below 1.0.
• Consumption Dwarfs Population as Main Environmental Threat by Fred Pearce: Yale Environment 360 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC e360.yale.edu [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

.According to the latter, world population will hit seven billion in July 2012[67] or by late 2011, according to UN prediction.^ The UN expects the world's population to pass the 9 billion mark by 2050.
• Sustainability:
Agriculture & Forests of WOA!! - World Population Awareness and World Overpopulation Awareness
28 January 2010 1:11 UTC www.population-awareness.net [Source type: News]

^ Noting only in passing that Africa, Asia and Latin America will continue with sharp growth for several decades, the newspaper predicted that worldwide population will peak at seven billion by 2030 "and then begin a long descent."
• Now We Are Six : In October, World Population Will Reach Six Billion. Can the Earth Carry the Load? (by Jim Motavalli) 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC www.emagazine.com [Source type: News]

^ The most realistic projections of population growth now predict a peak world population of well under 10 billion.
• population | Center for Global Food Issues 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

[2]
.Birth rates are declining slightly on average, but vary greatly between developed countries (where birth rates are often at or below replacement levels), developing countries, and different ethnicities.^ Countries currently below replacement level fertility will increase their fertility rates back up to 2.1.
• population | Center for Global Food Issues 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

^ And many of these countries have averaged below replacement level fertility rates for decades, essentially stabilizing at a below replacement level fertility rate.
• population | Center for Global Food Issues 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

^ (The rich countries are at 1.7 births and declining too.
• population | Center for Global Food Issues 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

.Death rates can change unexpectedly due to disease, wars and catastrophes, or advances in medicine.^ When a new disease appeared suddenly amongst the Antediluvians the death rate might have been enormous.
• World Population Since Creation 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC ldolphin.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

^ (The population surge was not caused by higher birth rates, but by lower death rates due to modern medicine.
• population | Center for Global Food Issues 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

^ This book gives many more examples of population growth rates, considerations of disease, war, famine.
• World Population Since Creation 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC ldolphin.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

.The UN has issued multiple projections of future world population, based on different assumptions.^ China is still below that figure at 2.1, while India and most of Africa (where the majority of future world population growth will take place) are at or below 1.0.
• Consumption Dwarfs Population as Main Environmental Threat by Fred Pearce: Yale Environment 360 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC e360.yale.edu [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

^ The most realistic projections of population growth now predict a peak world population of well under 10 billion.
• population | Center for Global Food Issues 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

^ But more than that, their projections are based on a faulty assumption that all countries will stabilize at exactly replacement level fertility (about 2.1 children per couple).
• population | Center for Global Food Issues 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

.Over the last ten years, the UN has consistently revised these projections downward, until the 2006 revision issued March 14, 2007 revised the 2050 mid-range estimate upwards by 273 million.^ UNICEF estimates breastfeeding could save 1.5 million lives a year.

^ U.S. consumers are projected to buy more foreign foods this year, helping push the value of all U.S. agricultural imports to $56 billion up from$52.7 billion last year.
• Sustainability:
Agriculture & Forests of WOA!! - World Population Awareness and World Overpopulation Awareness
28 January 2010 1:11 UTC www.population-awareness.net [Source type: News]

^ June 13, 2009 at 03:12 PM Report this comment Haven't the people in these northern states consistently voted republican for at least the last 20 years or so.
• US cities may have to be bulldozed in order to survive - Telegraph 18 September 2009 1:43 UTC www.telegraph.co.uk [Source type: General]

.In some scenarios, disasters triggered by the growing population's demand for scarce resources will eventually lead to a sudden population crash, or even a Malthusian catastrophe (also see overpopulation and food security).^ To provide for a rapidly growing population, more food must be produced in the coming 50 years than in the last 10,000 years combined.
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^ India's growing affluent population demands more food and a greater variety.
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^ "Reduced runoff is increasing the pressure on freshwater resources in much of the world, especially with more demand for water as population increases."

.
UN 2008 estimates and medium variant projections (in millions).^ The population of the US is projected to increase from 309 million in 2008 to 402 million in 2050.
• Consumption Dwarfs Population as Main Environmental Threat by Fred Pearce: Yale Environment 360 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC e360.yale.edu [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

^ It had a population of 12 million in 1900, 24 million in 1960, 85 million in 2008, and is projected to have a population of 183 million in 2050.
• Consumption Dwarfs Population as Main Environmental Threat by Fred Pearce: Yale Environment 360 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC e360.yale.edu [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

^ If 80% of the 62 distilleries under construction are completed by 2008, grain used to produce fuel will climb to 114 million tons, or 28% of the projected 2008 U.S. grain harvest.
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[37]
Year World Asia Africa Europe Latin America Northern America Oceania
2000 6,115 3,698 (60.5%) 819 (13.4%) 727 (11.9%) 521 (8.5%) 319 (5.2%) 31 (0.5%)
2005 6,512 3,937 (60.5%) 921 (14.1%) 729 (11.2%) 557 (8.6%) 335 (5.1%) 34 (0.5%)
2010 6,909 4,167 (60.3%) 1,033 (15.0%) 733 (10.6%) 589 (8.5%) 352 (5.1%) 36 (0.5%)
2015 7,302 4,391 (60.1%) 1,153 (15.8%) 734 (10.1%) 618 (8.5%) 368 (5.0%) 38 (0.5%)
2020 7,675 4,596 (59.9%) 1,276 (16.6%) 733 (9.6%) 646 (8.4%) 383 (5.0%) 40 (0.5%)
2025 8,012 4,773 (59.6%) 1,400 (17.5%) 729 (9.1%) 670 (8.4%) 398 (5.0%) 43 (0.5%)
2030 8,309 4,917 (59.2%) 1,524 (18.3%) 723 (8.7%) 690 (8.3%) 410 (4.9%) 45 (0.5%)
2035 8,571 5,032 (58.7%) 1,647 (19.2%) 716 (8.4%) 706 (8.2%) 421 (4.9%) 46 (0.5%)
2040 8,801 5,125 (58.2%) 1,770 (20.1%) 708 (8.0%) 718 (8.2%) 431 (4.9%) 48 (0.5%)
2045 8,996 5,193 (57.7%) 1,887 (21.0%) 700 (7.8%) 726 (8.1%) 440 (4.9%) 50 (0.6%)
2050 9,150 5,231 (57.2%) 1,998 (21.8%) 691 (7.6%) 729 (8.0%) 448 (4.9%) 51 (0.6%)

## Predictions based on population growth

.In 1798 Thomas Malthus incorrectly predicted that population growth would out-run food supply by the mid 19th century.^ The food challenge of the 21st century, in fact, is not the challenge of population growth, but the challenge of affluence.
• population | Center for Global Food Issues 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

^ The most realistic projections of population growth now predict a peak world population of well under 10 billion.
• population | Center for Global Food Issues 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

^ Many simply would plant eucalyptus, a fast-growing Australian import, and turn the area into a paper and pulp producer when the ore runs out.
• Sustainability:
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.In 1968, Paul R. Ehrlich reprised this argument in The Population Bomb, predicting famine in the 1970s and 1980s.^ Population experts like Garrett Hardin and Paul Ehrlich say that we've already exceeded it, while the late Professor Julian Simon refused to acknowledge any limits.
• Now We Are Six : In October, World Population Will Reach Six Billion. Can the Earth Carry the Load? (by Jim Motavalli) 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC www.emagazine.com [Source type: News]

^ PAUL HEWITT: If you go back and you look at the 1960s, there are all these horrendous titles of books, like The Population Bomb, but many more.
• NOVA | Transcripts | World in the Balance: The People Paradox | PBS 16 September 2009 0:39 UTC www.pbs.org [Source type: Original source]

^ The Population Bomb, by Paul R. Ehrlich was published by the Sierra Club.

.The dire predictions of Ehrlich and other neo-Malthusians were vigorously challenged by a number of economists, notably Julian Lincoln Simon.^ Population experts like Garrett Hardin and Paul Ehrlich say that we've already exceeded it, while the late Professor Julian Simon refused to acknowledge any limits.
• Now We Are Six : In October, World Population Will Reach Six Billion. Can the Earth Carry the Load? (by Jim Motavalli) 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC www.emagazine.com [Source type: News]

^ However, other groups, such as the Winrock Foundation, using the same numbers predict between 7.5 and 8.5 billion.
• population | Center for Global Food Issues 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

.Agricultural research already under way, such as the green revolution, led to dramatic improvements in crop yields.^ Agricultural research had just created the Green Revolution, which was tripling crop yields on good land over most of the world, except Africa.
• population | Center for Global Food Issues 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

^ With agricultural practices already causing massive ecological impact, the world must now find new ways to feed its burgeoning population and launch a "Greener" Revolution.
• Consumption Dwarfs Population as Main Environmental Threat by Fred Pearce: Yale Environment 360 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC e360.yale.edu [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

^ Global warming has led to a fall in the yield of some food crops.
• Sustainability:
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.Food production has kept pace with population growth, but Malthusians point out the green revolution relies heavily on petroleum-based fertilizers, and that many crops have become so genetically uniform that a crop failure would be very widespread.^ Food production has kept pace with population growth by increasing 50% between 1980 and 2000.
• Sustainability:
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^ But can world food production keep pace?
• Sustainability:
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^ Many ordinary citizens fail to grasp how important pollinators are to food production.
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.Food prices in the early 21st century are rising sharply on a global scale, and causing serious malnutrition to spread widely.^ Forest requirements will rise even more sharply than food needs.
• population | Center for Global Food Issues 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

^ So how will the world meet the 21st century food challenge?
• population | Center for Global Food Issues 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

^ At this point, it looks as though we will fail to meet the food challenge of the 21st century—not for lack of time, but for lack of realism in our public life.
• population | Center for Global Food Issues 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

[68]
.From 1950 to 1984, as the Green Revolution transformed agriculture around the world, grain production increased by over 250%.^ World wheat production will increase 8% this year.
• Sustainability:
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^ World agricultural production 5.
• Animal Protection 18 September 2009 1:43 UTC trec.nist.gov [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

^ The Agriculture Department forecasts that world wheat production will increase 8% this year.
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[69] .The world population has grown by about four billion since the beginning of the Green Revolution and most believe that, without the Revolution, there would be greater famine and malnutrition than the UN presently documents (approximately 850 million people suffering from chronic malnutrition in 2005).^ There are about 1.57 billion Muslims!!
• World Muslim Population hits 1.57B ; 28 million in Ethiopia 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC nazret.com [Source type: General]

^ To begin with, the World Bank and UN are not truly forecasting population growth.
• population | Center for Global Food Issues 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

^ This number represents about 23% of an estimated 2009 world population of 6.8 billion people.
• World Muslim Population hits 1.57B ; 28 million in Ethiopia 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC nazret.com [Source type: General]

[70] .The energy for the Green Revolution was provided by fossil fuels in the form of fertilizers (natural gas), pesticides (oil), and hydrocarbon-fueled irrigation.^ The additional energy provided fertilizers (natural gas), pesticides (oil), and hydrocarbon fueled irrigation, increasing the energy flow to agriculture by 50 times that of traditional agriculture.
• Sustainability:
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^ More fertilizers and pesticides must be applied, irrigation water requires more energy to pump; and fossil fuels are used to process polluted water.
• Sustainability:
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^ As fossil fuel production begins to decline within the next decade, there will be less energy available for the production of food.
• Sustainability:
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[71]
.The peaking of world oil production (Peak oil) may test Malthus and Ehrlich critics.^ World per capita cereal production has already passed its peak not least because of collapsing production in the former Soviet Union and sub-Saharan Africa.
• Sustainability:
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^ While this may at first seem unrealistic, consider that only a few years ago the World Bank and United Nations each predicted a peak of 12-15 billion.
• population | Center for Global Food Issues 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

^ "The slower rise in world grainland productivity during the 1990s may mark the transition from a half-century dominated by food surpluses to a future that will be dominated by food scarcity," he says.
• Now We Are Six : In October, World Population Will Reach Six Billion. Can the Earth Carry the Load? (by Jim Motavalli) 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC www.emagazine.com [Source type: News]

[72][73] .As of May 2008, the price of grain has been pushed up by increased farming for use in biofuels,[74] world oil prices at over $140 per barrel ($880/m3),[75] global population growth,[76] climate change,[77] loss of agricultural land to residential and industrial development,[78][79] and growing consumer demand in China and India.^ This makes the U.S. pivotal in the national and global population climate change debate.

^ Agriculture accounts for more than 70% of water use, and demand is bound to grow as population increases.
• Sustainability:
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^ Demand for industrial and household use is expected to double by 2025, and to increase up to five-fold in China.
• Sustainability:
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[80][81] .Food riots have recently occurred in some countries across the world.^ Other countries with food riots include Ethiopia, Haiti, Indonesia, Mexico, the Philippines, and Senegal.
• Sustainability:
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^ Riots have occured in dozens of countries across the world over the past year as poor people have found themselves unable to pay the rocketing prices for staples such as rice, corn and sugar.
• Sustainability:
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^ This is hugely important for agricultural policy, because the world’s big food gap is in the fast-growing, densely-populated tropic countries.
• population | Center for Global Food Issues 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

[82][83][84]
.Growing populations, falling energy sources and food shortages will create the "perfect storm" by 2030, the UK government chief scientist has warned.^ To provide for a rapidly growing population, more food must be produced in the coming 50 years than in the last 10,000 years combined.
• Sustainability:
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^ India's growing affluent population demands more food and a greater variety.
• Sustainability:
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28 January 2010 1:11 UTC www.population-awareness.net [Source type: News]

^ This is hugely important for agricultural policy, because the world’s big food gap is in the fast-growing, densely-populated tropic countries.
• population | Center for Global Food Issues 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

.He said food reserves are at a fifty-year low but the world will require 50% more energy, food and water by 2030.[85][86] The world will have to produce 70% more food by 2050 to feed a projected extra 2.3 billion people and as incomes rise, the United Nations' Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO) said.^ But it is doubtful if there will be enough food in 2050 with three billion more mouths to feed.
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^ NARRATOR: With projections uncertain, what will the demands for energy, food and water be in the future?
• NOVA | Transcripts | World in the Balance: The People Paradox | PBS 16 September 2009 0:39 UTC www.pbs.org [Source type: Original source]

^ By 2030 energy demand is going to be up by 50% and demand for food is going to be up by 50%.
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[87]
The observed figures for 2007 show an actual increase in absolute numbers of undernourished people in the world, 923 million in 2007 versus 832 million in 1995.[88]; the more recent FAO estimates point out to an even more dramatic increase, to 1.02 billion in 2009.[89]

## Number of humans who have ever lived

.In the 1970s it was a popular belief that 75% of all the people who had ever lived were alive in the 1970s, which would have put the total number of people who ever lived as of the 1970s as less than the number of people alive today.^ One-tenth of all the people who have ever lived on the planet are alive today.
• Now We Are Six : In October, World Population Will Reach Six Billion. Can the Earth Carry the Load? (by Jim Motavalli) 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC www.emagazine.com [Source type: News]

^ Also, for all those that think this is "telling people where to live", if you had any sense you'd know right off that these are EMPTY buildings that they will be demolishing.
• US cities may have to be bulldozed in order to survive - Telegraph 18 September 2009 1:43 UTC www.telegraph.co.uk [Source type: General]

^ That these demolitions had to occur speak volumes about people who could have cared less about their city.
• US cities may have to be bulldozed in order to survive - Telegraph 18 September 2009 1:43 UTC www.telegraph.co.uk [Source type: General]

This view was eventually debunked.[90] .A more recent estimate of the total number of people who have ever lived was prepared by Carl Haub of the Population Reference Bureau in 1995 and subsequently updated in 2002; the updated figure was approximately 106 billion.^ This number represents about 23% of an estimated 2009 world population of 6.8 billion people.
• World Muslim Population hits 1.57B ; 28 million in Ethiopia 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC nazret.com [Source type: General]

^ CARL HAUB (Population Reference Bureau) : And the south of India, of course, is very educated.
• NOVA | Transcripts | World in the Balance: The People Paradox | PBS 16 September 2009 0:39 UTC www.pbs.org [Source type: Original source]

^ By Greenbang on Aug 13, 2009 in News The world is on track to reach a global population of 7 billion in 2011 , just 12 years after it hit the 6-billion mark, according to the newest data from the Population Reference Bureau (PRB).
• World population to hit 7 billion in 2011 | News 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC www.greenbang.com [Source type: News]

[91][92] Haub characterized this figure as an estimate which required "selecting population sizes for different points from antiquity to the present and applying assumed birth rates to each period".[92] Given an estimated global population of 6.2 billion in 2002, it could be inferred that about 6% of all people who had ever existed were alive in 2002.[91]
.Other estimates of the total number of people who have ever lived range approximately from one hundred billion to 115 billion.^ One hundred million people are at risk.
• Animal Protection 18 September 2009 1:43 UTC trec.nist.gov [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

^ The people who lived in those houses did not die of old age and left no children.
• US cities may have to be bulldozed in order to survive - Telegraph 18 September 2009 1:43 UTC www.telegraph.co.uk [Source type: General]

^ This number represents about 23% of an estimated 2009 world population of 6.8 billion people.
• World Muslim Population hits 1.57B ; 28 million in Ethiopia 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC nazret.com [Source type: General]

It is difficult to estimate for the following reasons:
• The set of specific characteristics which define a human and distinguish early Homo sapiens from earlier or related species continues to be a subject of intense research and debate. It is thus not possible to know when to begin the count, nor which hominids to include. See in this regard also Sorites paradox. .Even if the scientific community reached wide consensus regarding which characteristics distinguished human beings, it would be nearly impossible to pinpoint the time of their first appearance to even the nearest millennium because the fossil record is simply too sparse.^ I have found that many people don’t listen to the arguments being made by the scientific community because they simply don’t want to hear what they are saying; they want things to always stay as they have been promised they would stay.
• Urban Review STL » Blog Archive » With Limited World Resources, Now is the Time to Limit Population Growth 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC www.urbanreviewstl.com [Source type: Original source]

^ If the forecast is accurate, 2005 will mark the first time since the late 1950s the country didn't record an agricultural surplus.
• Sustainability:
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^ Even at 1000 times that level it would just be a matter of gradual relocation over decades, not 'evacuation' of hundreds of millions.
• Urban Review STL » Blog Archive » With Limited World Resources, Now is the Time to Limit Population Growth 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC www.urbanreviewstl.com [Source type: Original source]

.Only a few thousand fossils of early humans have been found, most no bigger than a tooth or a knucklebone.^ American’s are the most productive people on God’s green earth and do more increase human capital than any other race."
• Urban Review STL » Blog Archive » With Limited World Resources, Now is the Time to Limit Population Growth 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC www.urbanreviewstl.com [Source type: Original source]

^ When considering human populations within the past few tens of thousands of years, two gene copies that share the same haplotype will often have had a common ancestor far longer ago than any of the dates in question.
• PLoS Biology: On the Number of New World Founders: A Population Genetic Portrait of the Peopling of the Americas 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC www.plosbiology.org [Source type: Academic]

^ A new population-genetic method for assessing human demographic history reveals that the effective size of the founding population of the New World comprised less than 80 individuals.
• PLoS Biology: On the Number of New World Founders: A Population Genetic Portrait of the Peopling of the Americas 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC www.plosbiology.org [Source type: Academic]

.These bone fragments are used to extrapolate the population distribution of millions of early human beings spread across the continents.^ These mutation rate values were then used to convert individual θ estimates to effective population size estimates (i.e., θ = 4Nu, and N = θ/4u).
• PLoS Biology: On the Number of New World Founders: A Population Genetic Portrait of the Peopling of the Americas 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC www.plosbiology.org [Source type: Academic]

^ To test whether the locations of these distributions are consistent with the true values of the parameters (i.e., the values used in the simulations), probabilities were combined by treating each simulation as an independent test of the same hypothesis [ 60 ].
• PLoS Biology: On the Number of New World Founders: A Population Genetic Portrait of the Peopling of the Americas 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC www.plosbiology.org [Source type: Academic]

^ Higher incomes across Asia are leading to increased consumption of grains and vegetables and of meat, which leads to more grain being diverted for use as cattle fodder.
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.However, the limited size of population in early times compared to its recent size makes this source of uncertainty of limited importance.
• Robust statistical data only exist for the last two or three centuries.^ There has been a 3.6 times increase in wind power capacity over the last three years, enough to supply around 300,00 homes.
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^ In contrast to the Asian population, the New World population parameter (θ 2 ) is much smaller, and suggests a recent New World effective population size of less than 1,000 ( Table 3 ).
• PLoS Biology: On the Number of New World Founders: A Population Genetic Portrait of the Peopling of the Americas 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC www.plosbiology.org [Source type: Academic]

^ In the middle of the 17th century there was also a sharp decline in sea ice, but it lasted only a very brief period.

.Until the late 18th century, few governments had ever performed an accurate census.^ The consequences of excessive rainfall in the late 18th century were predictable.
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In many early attempts, such as Ancient Egypt and in the Persian Empire the focus was on counting merely a subset of the people for purposes of taxation or military service.[93] .All claims of population sizes preceding the 18th century are estimates, and thus the margin of error for the total number of humans who have ever lived should be in the billions, or even tens of billions of people.
• A critical item for the estimation is life expectancy.^ This number represents about 23% of an estimated 2009 world population of 6.8 billion people.
• World Muslim Population hits 1.57B ; 28 million in Ethiopia 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC nazret.com [Source type: General]

^ Americans are fat and wasteful, sure, but not even Ethiopians (who Pearce singles out for their very low carbon emissions) want to live like Ethiopians.
• Consumption Dwarfs Population as Main Environmental Threat by Fred Pearce: Yale Environment 360 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC e360.yale.edu [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

^ The people who lived in those houses did not die of old age and left no children.
• US cities may have to be bulldozed in order to survive - Telegraph 18 September 2009 1:43 UTC www.telegraph.co.uk [Source type: General]

.Using a figure of twenty years and the population estimates above, one can compute about fifty-eight billion.^ This is one of the reasons why this web site always uses the unusual convention of a 4 digit year, three letter month and two number day.
• Animal Protection 18 September 2009 1:43 UTC trec.nist.gov [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

^ These mutation rate values were then used to convert individual θ estimates to effective population size estimates (i.e., θ = 4Nu, and N = θ/4u).
• PLoS Biology: On the Number of New World Founders: A Population Genetic Portrait of the Peopling of the Americas 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC www.plosbiology.org [Source type: Academic]

^ This number represents about 23% of an estimated 2009 world population of 6.8 billion people.
• World Muslim Population hits 1.57B ; 28 million in Ethiopia 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC nazret.com [Source type: General]

Using a figure of forty yields half of that. .Life expectancy varies greatly when taking into account children who died within the first year of birth, a number very difficult to estimate for earlier times.^ The cutbacks come when the number of hungry is rising for the first time in years.
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^ I am very concerned the increased costs have made it more difficult for many women to obtain safe and effective birth control.

^ In early 2007 the update of projections, taking into account the biofuel effect on world food prices, showed the number of hungry people climbing to 1.2 billion by 2025.
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Haub states that "life expectancy at birth probably averaged only about ten years for most of human history"[92] His estimates for infant mortality suggest that around 40% of those who have ever lived did not survive beyond one year.

Historical:
Lists:

## Further resources

.
• There is a map that is rescaled in order to display every country according to its population size.^ According to that country’s major soybean growers, this is likely to stimulate another expansion of soy production there, because it will sharply reduce growers’ costs.
• population | Center for Global Food Issues 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

^ The different prospects for the industrialized and developing countries are nowhere more evident than in their respective population sizes.

^ This means that without immigration, these countries population will shrink to half its current size over the next 50 years.
• population | Center for Global Food Issues 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

It is available at the University of Sheffield Worldmapper.[94]
• .
• Population patterns and trends can be explored on the GeoHive interactive world atlas.^ Based on recent trends in fertility rate, current predictions call for a peak world population of 8.5 billion reached about the year 2040.
• population | Center for Global Food Issues 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

^ Trends in world grain harvest make it clear that current methods are not sufficient to provide for a population increase.
• Consumption Dwarfs Population as Main Environmental Threat by Fred Pearce: Yale Environment 360 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC e360.yale.edu [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

[95]

## References

1. ^ U.S. Census Bureau - World POPClock Projection
2. ^ a b c d 2008 Revision of World Population Prospects Population Division of the Department of Economic and Social Affairs of the United Nations Secretariat, June 2009.
3. ^ World population estimates
4. ^ World Population Clock — Worldometers
5. ^ International Data Base (IDB) — World Population
7. ^ "Population estimates of the Roman Empire", Dr. Kenneth W. Harl
8. ^ "Plague, Plague Information, Black Death Facts, News, Photos – National Geographic". Science.nationalgeographic.com. Retrieved 2008-11-03.
9. ^ "History of Europe – Demographic and agricultural growth". Encyclopædia Britannica.
10. ^ "Historical Estimates of World Population". Census.gov. Retrieved 2008-11-03.
11. ^ "Europe's Black Death is a history lesson in human tragedy — and economic renewal". TIME Europe. July 17, 2000 VOL. 156 NO. 3
12. ^ Ming Dynasty. Microsoft Encarta Online Encyclopedia 2009.
13. ^ "Qing China's Internal Crisis: Land Shortage, Famine, Rural Poverty". Asia for Educators, Columbia University.
14. ^ "History of Europe – Demographics". Encyclopædia Britannica.
15. ^ "China's Population: Readings and Maps". Columbia University, East Asian Curriculum Project.
16. ^ The Columbian Exchange. The University of North Carolina.
17. ^ Super-Sized Cassava Plants May Help Fight Hunger In Africa. The Ohio State University
18. ^ Maize Streak Virus-Resistant Transgenic Maize: an African solution to an African Problem. Scitizen. August 7, 2007
19. ^ "Savoring Africa in the New World by Robert L. Hall". Millersville University.
20. ^ "Native American (indigenous peoples of Canada and United States)". Encyclopædia Britannica.
21. ^ "The Story Of... Smallpox – and other Deadly Eurasian Germs". Public Broadcasting Service (PBS).
22. ^ "Stacy Goodling, "Effects of European Diseases on the Inhabitants of the New World""
23. ^ Population crises and cycles in history. A review of the book Population Crises and Population cycles by Claire Russell and W.M.S. Russell.
24. ^ Mabel C. Buer, Health, Wealth and Population in the Early Days of the Industrial Revolution, London: George Routledge & Sons, 1926, page 30 ISBN 0-415-38218-1
25. ^ BBC - History - The Foundling Hospital. Published: 2001-05-01.
26. ^ "Modernization - Population Change". Encyclopædia Britannica.
27. ^ "United States People". Microsoft Encarta Online Encyclopedia 2009.
28. ^ BBC - History - Victorian Medicine - From Fluke to Theory. Published: 2002-02-01.
29. ^ "19th-Century Medicine". Microsoft Encarta Online Encyclopedia 2009.
30. ^ A portrait of Britain in 2031. The Independent. October 24, 2007.
31. ^ "The UK population: past, present and future" (PDF). Statistics.gov.uk. Retrieved 2009-09-05.
32. ^ Reintegrating India with the World Economy. Peterson Institute for International Economics.
33. ^ Hundreds of millions in South Asia face growing water stress, UN report warns. UN News Centre. February 6, 2009.
34. ^ Java (island, Indonesia). Encyclopædia Britannica.
35. ^ "From Traitors to Heroes: 100 Years of Mexican Migration Policies". Jorge Durand, University of Guadalajara. March 2004.
36. ^ "Exploding population". The New York Times. January 7, 2008.
37. ^ a b World Population Prospects: The 2008 Revision Population Database
38. ^ The World at un.org
39. ^ Population Growth over Human History
40. ^ Geo Hive: the population of continents, regions and countries (Jul. 1, 2008)
41. ^ UN report 2004 data
42. ^ fewer than 15,000 individuals according to the Toba catastrophe theory; see also Humans lived in tiny, separate bands for 100,000 years (breitbart.com)
43. ^ a b c an average of figures from different sources as listed at the US Census Bureau's Historical Estimates of World Population; see also *Kremer, Michael. 1993. "Population Growth and Technological Change: One Million B.C. to 1990," The Quarterly Journal of Economics 108(3): 681-716.
44. ^ The range of figures from different sources as listed at the US Census Bureau's Historical Estimates of World Population put the population at AD 1 between 170 million to 400 million.
45. ^ The limits of a Green Revolution?
46. ^ The Real Green Revolution
47. ^ World Population to 2300 Economic and Social Affairs, United Nations, 2004
48. ^ census.gov
49. ^ Current world population (ranked)
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51. ^ UN 2006 report higlights.
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55. ^
56. ^ Letters to Nature: Doubling of world population unlikelyNature, 19 June 1997
57. ^ Figure refers to Mainland China only. It excludes the special administrative regions and Taiwan.
58. ^ For the Conapo estimates, check under Republica Mexicana and press "Ver" for statistics.
59. ^ The Monaco government uses a smaller surface area figure resulting in a population density of 18,078 per km².
60. ^ a b Population density calculated using surface area and population figures from the CIA World Factbook.
61. ^ mohammed al a'ali (April 1, 2008), Population surge 'threat to economy', gulf Daily News, retrieved 2008-04-21
62. ^ Latest figure from the World Bank Development Indicators Database is 1,090 per km².
63. ^ Age structure of the world – 2006 CIA World Factbook
64. ^ World Population Prospects - The 2008 Revision Population Database
65. ^ US Census Bureau - Total Midyear Population for the World: 1950-2050
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67. ^
68. ^ Kindall, Henery W & Pimentel, David (May 1994). "Constraints on the Expansion of the Global Food Supply". Ambio. 23 (3).
69. ^ The limits of a Green Revolution?. BBC News. March 29, 2007.
70. ^ "Eating Fossil Fuels". Energy Bulletin.
71. ^ "Peak Oil: the threat to our food security". Soil Association.
72. ^
73. ^
74. ^ The global grain bubble
75. ^ Food crisis will take hold before climate change, warns chief scientist
76. ^ Global food crisis looms as climate change and fuel shortages bite
77. ^ Experts: Global Food Shortages Could ‘Continue for Decades'
78. ^ Has Urbanization Caused a Loss to Agricultural Land?
79. ^ The World's Growing Food-Price Crisis
80. ^ The cost of food: Facts and figures. BBC News. October 16, 2008.
81. ^ Riots and hunger feared as demand for grain sends food costs soaring
82. ^ Already we have riots, hoarding, panic: the sign of things to come?
83. ^ Feed the world? We are fighting a losing battle, UN admits
84. ^ World faces 'perfect storm' of problems by 2030, chief scientist to warn. The Guardian. March 18, 2009.
85. ^ Global crisis 'to strike by 2030'. BBC News. March 19, 2009.
86. ^ Global food production will have to increase 70% for additional 2.3 billion people by 2050. Finfacts.com. September 24, 2009.
87. ^ Food and Agriculture Organization Economic and Social Development Department. “The State of Food Insecurity in the World, 2008 : High food prices and food security - threats and opportunities”. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 2008, p. 2.
88. ^ “One sixth of humanity undernourished - more than ever before”. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 2009
89. ^ Population Reference Bureau
90. ^ a b Curtin, Ciara (2007-03-01), "Fact or Fiction?: Living People Outnumber the Dead", Scientific American (Scientific American, Inc.) 297 (3): 126, September 2007, retrieved 2008-08-04  Note: text of paper publication slightly different than text of on-line publication
91. ^ a b c Haub, Carl (November/December 2002), "How Many People Have Ever Lived on Earth?", Population Today (Population Reference Bureau) 30 (8): 3–4, retrieved 2008-08-04
92. ^ Kuhrt, A. (1995) The Ancient Near East c. 3000–330BC Vol 2 Routledge, London. p. 695.
93. ^  ; "Worldmapper description". University of Sheffield.
94. ^ Global Statistics interactive atlas, GeoHive.

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Population clocks
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• Population Counter
• World Population
• World Population Counter
• Live World Population
• (French) World Population Clock (2005).^ While 80% of the world’s Muslims live in countries where Muslims are in the majority, significant numbers – about one-fifth of the world’s Muslim population – live as religious minorities in their home countries.
• World Muslim Population hits 1.57B ; 28 million in Ethiopia 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC nazret.com [Source type: General]

^ More than 300 million Muslims, or one-fifth of the world's Muslim population, live in countries where Islam is not the majority religion.
• World Muslim Population hits 1.57B ; 28 million in Ethiopia 28 January 2010 1:11 UTC nazret.com [Source type: General]

WorldPopClock.com - World population clock.

# Citable sentences

Up to date as of December 04, 2010

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