Template:Infobox City Entrena is a municipality of La Rioja, (Spain), located near the capital Logroño. Its population at January 2008 was of 1,488^[1] and has 21.03 km extension. The nucleus is placed to 558 m of altitude. The term limits with Navarrete and Lardero North; Albelda de Iregua East; Nalda, Sorzano and Sojuela South and Medrano West.

Geography

The relief of the municipality is level, its altitude varies between the 500 and the 600 M.s. Most of the land are in a glacis, old channel of Iregua River^[2]. In the South zone are the first spurs of the Mountain range of Moncalvillo. The village is located in this zone, on the hill called El Conjuro.

The rivers are few and with great low water. Hardly precipices coming from the mountain range cross the term from the South to North, like Ruicidera or Río Daroca.

History

The zone was populated by Romans, as it indicates the Roman town of La Dehesa, in addition to the road of Zaragoza-Briviesca that crossed the municipality.

Alfonso I of Asturias the Catholic in the middle of 8th century reconquered the villa from the Muslims. According to the Geographic Dictionary, published in Barcelona in 1830, Entrena it would be founded by this king around 750, but already it is known by the Chronicle of Alfonso III that these incursions realised by this king did not suppose the foundation of villages. These expeditions, carried out along with their brother Froila, consisted of killing the Muslims they found and gathering Christians to take them to the mountains.

In 1044 Entrena appears documented under the romance name Antelena.

From 1076 it belongs to Castile and to its king Alfonso VI. This king, before the strategic value of the zone, border with the kingdoms of Aragón and Navarre, populated and raised diverse fortresses to protect his interests. One of those seats was Entrena.

In 1160 Sancho VI of Navarre "repopulated" the villa.

In certain gifts of king Sancho VI of Navarre it appears with the Latin name of Entidigone.

The town was donated by queen Estefanía de Foix, widow of king García Sanchez III of Navarre to the monastery of Santa María la Real of Nájera, appearing named as Antelana.

In 1189 the Benedictine monks of Santa María la Real of Nájera, among others, donated the church of Entrena to the bishopric of Calahorra after lawsuits between the bishop and the monastery, with intervention of the king and the abbot of Cluny.

King Enrique II of Castile donates the town to Juan Ramirez de Arellano by the lent services, according to appears in the concession writing of the Señorío de Cameros. Since then the town would be linked to the Arellano family that would have great disputes with the Gómez Manrique (they were gentlemen of Navarrete by donation realised in 1380 by Juan I of Castile to Diego Gómez Manrique de Lara).

In 1478 the neighbors of Navarrete destroy fortifications constructed by those of Entrena. In retaliation, people of Clavijo and Lagunilla, that were of Arellano, destroyed the term of Ribafrecha that was affection of Manrique family. Entrena, until the abolition of the señoríos, belonged to the counts of Aguilar, gentlemen of Cameros.

In 1492 the expulsion of the Jews in Spain is carried out by the Catholic Monarchs. At this time the Jewish community in Entrena was important, getting to constitute an aljama, with an approximated population of 50 families ^[3]. In 1503 Carlos Ramirez de Arellano and his wife, Juana de Zúñiga, gentlemen of Cameros and counts of Aguilar, founded the monastery of Santa Clara in Entrena granting to him in addition the already preexisting Santa Maria de Barrivero. The founding nuns came from Tordesillas and the monastery belonged to the franciscan province of Burgos. The first abbess was a Arellano.

Entrena had hospital and hostelry to take care of the pilgrims that approached by the French Way to arrive at Compostela as they testify documents of 16th century.

After the disappearance of the señoríos, in 1811, formed part of the province of Soria, until the creation of the province of Logroño the 30 of November of 1833.

In 1851 according to Pascual Madoz Entrena had 202 houses, the one of the City council and prison; a convent of monks of Santa Clara, a source of potable water [...] And school for both sexes. His production consisted especially in wheat, barley, beans and wine, in addition to rear of sheeps and the hunting of partridges, quails and hares. The industry was based in three mills, that each day go in decadence, and some factories of liquor, that works very little.

According to this census Entrena had a population of 181 neighbours, 780 souls.

The Coffer of Mercy

In 1571 Francisco de Moreda established an agricultural government social security fund, that it had the objective to distribute cereals, especially wheat, between the poorest farmers. These had to give back the grain loan with a minimum interest. Normally the neighbors of the town benefitted from this one, but during first half of 18th centur also they did those of neighboring localities. It was in operation until 1799.

Santa Ana Hill

It is an archaeological deposit excavated at the end of 70s and the beginning of the 80s by Antonio González Blanco and Urbano Espinosa Ruiz.

The rests found more ancient belong to the hallstatt culture. Treat of two funds of bench-like sheds where recovered abundant material that find in the Museum of La Rioja. These materials consist in polished ceramics, painted, fingered and spatulated. The vessels are generally decorated with high neck and biconic profile. Also highlight several moulds for metallic axes realized in sandstone.

This site was found in the peak of the hill and believe that it was a holy place since they have found ashes and other rests that indicate it. The populated could develop around the sides of the hill but his rests have disappeared because of the crop of these lands.

Also have found rests of back periods, celtiberians (La Tène culture) and romans. The location of the settlement was next to the shod that communicated Zaragoza with Briviesca. Of the roman era have found rests of ceramic, some roman scales, lids of sarcophagus, low burials knit and a human-like round trail from the early cristian era.

Communications

Roads

The main road of access is the LR-254 that communicates Entrena with Lardero and Logroño through the N-111. The LR-137 crosses the town from southeast to northwest and link with the roads N-111, N-120 and N-232 joining towns like Nalda, Navarrete and Fuenmayor. The LR-445 communicates Entrena with the neighbouring town of Sojuela and the LR-444 part of the LR-137 from the Hermitage of Santa Ana to Medrano.

Monuments

Religious buildings

• St. Martin's Church. Constructed in 1545 in ashlar masonry factory. It is a church of a ship of three sections with chapels between abutments, cruise and eight-sided head of three planes. It is covered by vaults with ogives starred of different layouts, and slightly has pointed arcs. Sacristy of three sections is a construction barroca located to the north of the head. The temple has two entrances faced in the second section, the located one to the north is a semicircular arch, and the one of the south formed by clasicistas elements, it registers in a triumphal arch. The tower of two bodies is of end of 16th century.

• St. Ann's Hermitage. Located 2 km away from the locality by the road LR-137 in direction to Navarrete. It seems baroque. It was made in 18th century, and was restored in 1964 and 2005.
• St. Clare's Convent. It was founded on 1503 by Don Carlos Ramirez de Arellano and his wife Juana de Zúñiga, Counts of Aguilar and gentlemen of Cameros. The first nuns who inhabited it came from Tordesillas being her first abbess an Arellano. In 2001 it was closed by absence of vocations.
• Crucero. It is a stone cross uilt around the middle of the 16th century, situated in the Coso square. This formed by a cylindrical shaft situated on terracings, ended by a Tuscan capital. On him situates a knot with shrine, in which appear six images, with a cross with ordeal on the one hand and the Mercy by the another.
• Image of the Virgin of the Rosary. It is situated in a vaulted niche in the Recajo street. It is romanesque, of beginnings of the 17th century.

Nature

The main part of the municipality is used for crops and as soon as remain terrains with autochthonous vegetation. In the no ploughed zones grow oaks and holm oaks. Besides in the last years are recovering elms that in the old days were abundants in the town. In 1995 the city council transferred terrains in the hills San Lázaro, Tone and Cuatro Cantos to ICONA, for repopulate them with pines. Regarding bushes highlights the thime, rosemary, mormaga and the endrinas of which elaborates the pacharán.

The wild fauna that appears in this town are the rabbits and hares and in minor measured badgers and weasels. In occasions can us find with foxes or some wild boars, which is very abundant in the near Sierra de Moncalvillo.

Demography

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When being located near to the capital, Entrena has gone increasing its population slowly, as compared with another one near localities, but walking away from the community's majority of towns, outermost, that they have lost population.

Historical

In the census of population of Crown of Castile of 16th century, Entrena appears in the additions of Nájera empadronated by 232 neighbors (1,160 souls). In already mentioned Geographic Dictionary of Barcelona (1830) Entrena is mentioned with 255 neighbors (1,285 souls). In the census of the Province of Logroño of 1840 it registers 191 neighbors (803 souls).

Sports

match in the sports centre.]]

Entrena has a sports centre adapted to sports like futsal or Basque pelota. In 2005 was created the futsal team Villa de Entrena, being champions of the La Rioja Federation Cup in season 2005-2006^[4].

In addition there are municipal swimming pools, located in the road to Nalda.

Festivals

The most important festivals are:

• San Cristóbal, celebrated on July 10.
• San Blas, on February 3.
• San Isidro Labrador, on May 15.
• San Martín, on November 11.

See also

• List of municipalities in La Rioja.
• Rioja wine.

External links

• City hall

References

Coordinates: 42°23′N 2°32′W / 42.383°N 2.533°W / 42.383; -2.533

Entrena is a municipality in the autonomous community of La Rioja, Spain. The population of the town is 1.488 (2009). Entrena is located near Logroño.